Chapter 7: Bureaucracy and Formal Organizations

What is a result of work teams? A. Employees become more productive. B. Teams react more slowly to technological changes. C. There is an increase in absenteeism. D. Bosses become more important as team heads.

A. Employees become more productive.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a bureaucracy? A. In a bureaucracy labor is divided, with each worker assigned a specific task. B. Written procedures and rules are frowned upon in a bureaucracy. C. A bureaucracy has separate levels, with accountability flowing downward. D. The individual who holds an office in a bureaucracy is important, not the office.

A. In a bureaucracy labor is divided, with each worker assigned a specific task.

In Max Weber's view, __________ resulted in __________. A. Protestantism; rationality B. communism; rationality C. Roman Catholicism; capitalism D. capitalism; rationality

A. Protestantism; rationality

As part of our developing __________ State, the government is collecting images of all of our faces. A. Security B. Diverse C. Corporate D. Bureaucratic

A. Security

__________ stated that ___________ is so effective that it has the power to put us in little cages. A. Weber; bureaucracy B. Marx; Big Brother C. Marx; capitalism D. Orwell; bureaucracy

A. Weber; bureaucracy

Which of these is an example of the Peter Principle? A. a bureaucratic employee who is promoted to his or her level of incompetence B. an employee in a bureaucracy who is promoted to his or her level of ability C. workers in a bureaucracy forming primary groups to resist alienation D. the alienation of workers in a large bureaucracy

A. a bureaucratic employee who is promoted to his or her level of incompetence

Companies are motivated to humanize the workplace in order to increase __________. A. productivity B. bureaucratic competence C. volunteerism D. corporate culture

A. productivity

In the novel 1984, George Orwell envisioned a powerful government that tracked its citizens and ___________. A. rewrote history to match the views approved by society's controllers B. provided healing to all C. ensured that everyone was treated equally D. killed those who were unproductive

A. rewrote history to match the views approved by society's controllers

__________ concluded that the move toward capitalism changed how people viewed life. A. John Calvin B. Karl Marx C. Sigmund Freud D. Max Weber

B. Karl Marx

According to Max Weber, what was the result of the Roman Catholic doctrine of the acceptance of present arrangements, that God wants you where you are? A. People in Roman Catholic countries started to believe in thrift as a virtue. B. People in Roman Catholic areas held on to traditions. C. Roman Catholic countries developed a stronger work ethic. D. Roman Catholics decided that worldly success was a sign from God.

B. People in Roman Catholic areas held on to traditions.

What tends to happen to workers who do not match the corporate stereotype? A. They outperform those who fit the stereotype. B. They are provided fewer opportunities. C. They are given more challenges. D. They are motivated to succeed.

B. They are provided fewer opportunities.

How do voluntary associations help maintain social order? A. They place the government above the individual. B. They help incorporate individuals into society. C. They exalt mainstream politics. D. They challenge the ordinary assumptions about the purpose of life.

B. They help incorporate individuals into society.

Which of the following is a function of all voluntary associations? A. They are comprised entirely of volunteers. B. They offer their members an identity. C. They pave the way for social change. D. They provide training in organizational skills.

B. They offer their members an identity.

Which statement reflects the conflict perspective? A. Owners and workers have the same goals. B. Workers have built-in confrontational relationships with owners. C. Owners humanize the workplace to improve their employees' lives. D. Workers develop ways to cooperate in their own exploitation.

B. Workers have built-in confrontational relationships with owners.

Which of the following is a corporate fad designed to increase production? A. full scholarships to grad school B. emotional integration of company leaders C. lactation rooms D. diversity training

B. emotional integration of company leaders

A(n) __________ is a group made up of unpaid members who organize and gather together on the basis of a mutual interest. A. formal organization B. voluntary association C. ideal bureaucracy D. social network

B. voluntary association

In industrial and postindustrial societies, which of these statements is true about production? A. Production takes place in areas near the home. B. Jobs are assigned based on personal relationships. C. Production is based on short-term contracts. D. Emphasis is placed on the traditional way of doing things.

C. Production is based on short-term contracts.

Abe was divorced with three children. He faithfully made his child-support payments until his ex-wife suddenly died and the children came to live with him full time. Regardless of the fact that Abe proved his ex-wife was dead and the children were indeed living with him, the state insisted that he continue to pay child support. After about a year of wrangling with the state, he was informed that if he did not pay the back child support that he owed to his dead ex-wife he would be arrested and put in prison. Abe was a victim of __________. A. goal displacement. B. the Peter Principle C. red tape D. ideal bureaucracy

C. red tape

Why does the inner circle of a voluntary association often grow distant from the regular members? A. They are the most popular members of the association. B. They possess unique organizational skills that set them apart from the regular members. C. They put in more volunteer hours than the regular members. D. They are convinced that only they can properly run the organization.

D. They are convinced that only they can properly run the organization.

What is a major form of resisting alienation at work? A. Workers refuse to display personal items at their work space. B. Workers avoid taking initiative. C. Workers use company rules to justify slacking off. D. Workers form primary groups.

D. Workers form primary groups.

Twelfth-century worker guilds are early examples of __________. A. social inequality B. Marxist communists C. groupthink D. formal organizations

D. formal organizations

Which term refers to how organizations come to be ruled by just a few individuals? A. dysfunctional bureaucracy B. copper law of the elite C. Peter Principle D. iron law of oligarchy

D. iron law of oligarchy

Our information society has an underlying emphasis on __________. A. groupthink B. emotion C. tradition D. rationality

D. rationality