Chapter 7 - Circulatory System

There are ____ anatomic types of blood vessels

5

The two main coronary arteries are the ____

Left main coronary artery, right coronary artery

Remember blood flow through valves: _____

Tri before you Bi

The ____ is the artery where blood leaves the heart to be routed throughout the body

aorta

The combining form aort/o means ____

aorta

The _____ valve regulates the flow of blood into the aorta

aortic

The prefix peri- means _____

around

Arteries --> Arterioles --> _________ --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins

arterial capillaries

Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the _____ , which branch many times and become arterioles.

arteries

_________ --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins

arteries

The five anatomic types of blood vessels are ___

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins

The combining form arteiol/o means ____

arteriole

Arteries --> __________ --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins

arterioles

Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the arteries, which branch many times and become _____ .

arterioles

smaller arteries are called ______

arterioles

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of an _____

artery

The combining form arter/o AND arteri/o means ____

artery

valves between the atria and ventricles are: _____

atrioventricular valves

The prefix sub- means ____

below

The _____ valve is on the left side of the heart

bicuspid (mitral)

____ circulates through the heart and blood vessels, carrying oxygen, nutrients, vitamins, anitbodies, and other substances. It carries away waste and carbon dioxide

blood

______ is the pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of an artery

blood pressure

The cardiovascular system supplies ____ with needed substances, transports waste products for disposal, maintains the acidbase balance of the body, prevents hemorrhage through blood clotting, protects against disease, and helps regulate body temperature.

body cells

_____ must have a constant supply of food, oxygen, and other substances to function properly

body cells

Arterioles branch into _____

capillaries

Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the arteries, which branch many times and become arterioles. The arterioles branch even more to become tiny vessels with one-cell-thick walls called _____.

capillaries

The _____ have the important feature of being the site where oxygen and waste carbon dioxide are exchanged.

capillaries

____ are tiny vessels with one-cell-thick walls

capillaries

____ is the study of the anatomy, normal functions, and disorders of the heart.

cardiology

_____ is a general diagnostic term that designates primary disease of the heart muscle itself

cardiomyopathy

The ____ system consists of the heart and blood vessels

cardiovascular

The circulatory system consists of the ____ system and the lymphatic system

cardiovascular

The circulatory system consists of the _____ & _____

cardiovascular, lymphatic system

The ____ system consists of the cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels) and the lymphatic system

circulatory

The suffix -stasis means ____

controlling, stopping

_____ means encircling, in the manner of a crown, and refers to the way in which coronary arteries encircle the heart in a crownlike fashion

coronary

Blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart are the _____

coronary arteries

The _____ supply blood to all of the heart

coronary arteries

____ refers to the small flaps that make up the atrioventricular valves

cuspid

The venae cavae, right atrium, right ventricle and the pulmonary artery carries ____ blood

deoxygenated

______ pressure is the amount of pressure that still exists when the heart is relaxed (not contracting)

diastolic

The suffix -pathy means ___

disease

_____ is often caused by infective microorganisms that invade the endocardium, and the heart valves are frequently affected

endocarditis

The _____ is the membrane that forms the lining inside the heart

endocardium

endocarditis is often caused by infective microorganisms that invade the ______ , and the heart valves are frequently affected

endocardium

The three layers of the heart, beginning with the innermost layer, are the _____

endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium

The innermost layer of the pericardium is the visceral pericardium also known as the _____

epicardium

The ____ is a muscular cone-shaped organ, about the size of a clenched fist

heart

The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the ____

heart

The suffixes cardi/o and coron/o means ____

heart

Cardiomyopathy is a general diagnostic term that designates primary disease of the _____ itself

heart muscle

The circulatory system cooperates with other body systems to maintain ____ , or equilibrium of the internal environment of the body

homeostasis

_____ readings generally consist of two numbers expressed as a fraction

indirect blood pressure

Each layer of the heart can become ____

inflamed

Oxygenated blood is transported back to the heart through the left atrium then pumped to the ____ before it is pumped throughout the body

left ventricle

The suffix -ole means ____

little or small

Before blood is again pumped to the body cells, blood picks up a fresh supply of oxygen by passing through the ____

lungs

The lymphatic system contain structures involved in the conveyance of fluid called _____

lymph

The _____ system contain structures involved in the conveyance of the fluid lymph

lymphatic

The circulatory system consists of the cardiovascular system and the ____ system

lymphatic

The suffix -ium means _____

membrane

An example of a cardiomyopathy is _______ (inflammation of the heart muscle)

myocarditis

The ____ is the thickest tissue of the heart and is composed of muscle fibers that contract, resulting in the squeezing of blood from the heart with each heartbeat

myocardium

The heart muscle is called the _____

myocardium

Blood that is rich in ____ is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body

oxygen

Oxygen-deficient blood is transported to the lungs, where it absorbs ____

oxygen

The capillaries have the important feature of being the site where ____ and ____ are exchanged.

oxygen, carbon dioxide

The aorta carries _____ blood from the heart

oxygenated

The pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle and aorta carries ______ blood

oxygenated

Inflammation of the pericardium is _____ , which can be caused by infectious microorganisms, by a cancerous growth, or by other problems

pericarditis

Inflammation of the _____ is pericarditis, which can be caused by infectious microorganisms, by a cancerous growth, or by other problems

pericardium

The ____ is a sac made up of a double membrane that encloses the heart

pericardium

Oxygen ____ blood is returned to the heart through the venules, which flow into the veins

poor

The _____ valve regulates the flow of blood to the lungs

pulmonary (or pulmonic)

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the ____

right atrium

The four chambers of the heart are the ____

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

The right atrium contracts and forces blood through a valve to the ____

right ventricle

The pulmonary and aortic valves are called _____ because of their half-moon appearance when the valves are closed.

semilunar

_____ pressure represents the maximum pressure on the artery

systolic

Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> ________ --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins

tissue cells

The _____ valve is on the right side

tricuspid

Sometimes the combining for vas/o means ____

vas deferens

The combining form phleb/o AND ven/o means ____

vein

Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> _______

veins

Blood leaving the capillaries returns to the heart through the venules, which flow into the ____

veins

The ____ carry blood back to the heart by way of the venae cavae , the largest veins in the body.

veins

The _____ carry the blood to the two largest veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, which empty into the heart

veins

Deoxygenated blood is brought to the right atrium by the _____

venae cavae

The _____ are the two largest veins in the body

venae cavae

The veins carry blood back to the heart by way of the ____ , the largest veins in the body.

venae cavae

____ is the plural term for vena cava

venae cavae

Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> _______ --> Venules --> Veins

venous capillaries

The combining form venul/o means ____

venule

Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> ________ --> Veins

venules

Blood leaving the capillaries returns to the heart through the ____ , which flow into the veins

venules

smaller veins are called ____

venules

The combining form vascul/o means _____

vessel

The combining forms angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o means ______

vessels

The innermost layer of the pericardium is the _____ also known as the epicardium

visceral pericardium

The combining form ather/o means ____

yellow fatty plaque