Chapter 7 - Circulatory System
There are ____ anatomic types of blood vessels
5
The two main coronary arteries are the ____
Left main coronary artery, right coronary artery
Remember blood flow through valves: _____
Tri before you Bi
The ____ is the artery where blood leaves the heart to be routed throughout the body
aorta
The combining form aort/o means ____
aorta
The _____ valve regulates the flow of blood into the aorta
aortic
The prefix peri- means _____
around
Arteries --> Arterioles --> _________ --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins
arterial capillaries
Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the _____ , which branch many times and become arterioles.
arteries
_________ --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins
arteries
The five anatomic types of blood vessels are ___
arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
The combining form arteiol/o means ____
arteriole
Arteries --> __________ --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins
arterioles
Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the arteries, which branch many times and become _____ .
arterioles
smaller arteries are called ______
arterioles
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of an _____
artery
The combining form arter/o AND arteri/o means ____
artery
valves between the atria and ventricles are: _____
atrioventricular valves
The prefix sub- means ____
below
The _____ valve is on the left side of the heart
bicuspid (mitral)
____ circulates through the heart and blood vessels, carrying oxygen, nutrients, vitamins, anitbodies, and other substances. It carries away waste and carbon dioxide
blood
______ is the pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of an artery
blood pressure
The cardiovascular system supplies ____ with needed substances, transports waste products for disposal, maintains the acidbase balance of the body, prevents hemorrhage through blood clotting, protects against disease, and helps regulate body temperature.
body cells
_____ must have a constant supply of food, oxygen, and other substances to function properly
body cells
Arterioles branch into _____
capillaries
Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body. It leaves the heart by the arteries, which branch many times and become arterioles. The arterioles branch even more to become tiny vessels with one-cell-thick walls called _____.
capillaries
The _____ have the important feature of being the site where oxygen and waste carbon dioxide are exchanged.
capillaries
____ are tiny vessels with one-cell-thick walls
capillaries
____ is the study of the anatomy, normal functions, and disorders of the heart.
cardiology
_____ is a general diagnostic term that designates primary disease of the heart muscle itself
cardiomyopathy
The ____ system consists of the heart and blood vessels
cardiovascular
The circulatory system consists of the ____ system and the lymphatic system
cardiovascular
The circulatory system consists of the _____ & _____
cardiovascular, lymphatic system
The ____ system consists of the cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels) and the lymphatic system
circulatory
The suffix -stasis means ____
controlling, stopping
_____ means encircling, in the manner of a crown, and refers to the way in which coronary arteries encircle the heart in a crownlike fashion
coronary
Blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart are the _____
coronary arteries
The _____ supply blood to all of the heart
coronary arteries
____ refers to the small flaps that make up the atrioventricular valves
cuspid
The venae cavae, right atrium, right ventricle and the pulmonary artery carries ____ blood
deoxygenated
______ pressure is the amount of pressure that still exists when the heart is relaxed (not contracting)
diastolic
The suffix -pathy means ___
disease
_____ is often caused by infective microorganisms that invade the endocardium, and the heart valves are frequently affected
endocarditis
The _____ is the membrane that forms the lining inside the heart
endocardium
endocarditis is often caused by infective microorganisms that invade the ______ , and the heart valves are frequently affected
endocardium
The three layers of the heart, beginning with the innermost layer, are the _____
endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium
The innermost layer of the pericardium is the visceral pericardium also known as the _____
epicardium
The ____ is a muscular cone-shaped organ, about the size of a clenched fist
heart
The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the ____
heart
The suffixes cardi/o and coron/o means ____
heart
Cardiomyopathy is a general diagnostic term that designates primary disease of the _____ itself
heart muscle
The circulatory system cooperates with other body systems to maintain ____ , or equilibrium of the internal environment of the body
homeostasis
_____ readings generally consist of two numbers expressed as a fraction
indirect blood pressure
Each layer of the heart can become ____
inflamed
Oxygenated blood is transported back to the heart through the left atrium then pumped to the ____ before it is pumped throughout the body
left ventricle
The suffix -ole means ____
little or small
Before blood is again pumped to the body cells, blood picks up a fresh supply of oxygen by passing through the ____
lungs
The lymphatic system contain structures involved in the conveyance of fluid called _____
lymph
The _____ system contain structures involved in the conveyance of the fluid lymph
lymphatic
The circulatory system consists of the cardiovascular system and the ____ system
lymphatic
The suffix -ium means _____
membrane
An example of a cardiomyopathy is _______ (inflammation of the heart muscle)
myocarditis
The ____ is the thickest tissue of the heart and is composed of muscle fibers that contract, resulting in the squeezing of blood from the heart with each heartbeat
myocardium
The heart muscle is called the _____
myocardium
Blood that is rich in ____ is pumped by the heart to all parts of the body
oxygen
Oxygen-deficient blood is transported to the lungs, where it absorbs ____
oxygen
The capillaries have the important feature of being the site where ____ and ____ are exchanged.
oxygen, carbon dioxide
The aorta carries _____ blood from the heart
oxygenated
The pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle and aorta carries ______ blood
oxygenated
Inflammation of the pericardium is _____ , which can be caused by infectious microorganisms, by a cancerous growth, or by other problems
pericarditis
Inflammation of the _____ is pericarditis, which can be caused by infectious microorganisms, by a cancerous growth, or by other problems
pericardium
The ____ is a sac made up of a double membrane that encloses the heart
pericardium
Oxygen ____ blood is returned to the heart through the venules, which flow into the veins
poor
The _____ valve regulates the flow of blood to the lungs
pulmonary (or pulmonic)
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the ____
right atrium
The four chambers of the heart are the ____
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
The right atrium contracts and forces blood through a valve to the ____
right ventricle
The pulmonary and aortic valves are called _____ because of their half-moon appearance when the valves are closed.
semilunar
_____ pressure represents the maximum pressure on the artery
systolic
Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> ________ --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> Veins
tissue cells
The _____ valve is on the right side
tricuspid
Sometimes the combining for vas/o means ____
vas deferens
The combining form phleb/o AND ven/o means ____
vein
Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> Venules --> _______
veins
Blood leaving the capillaries returns to the heart through the venules, which flow into the ____
veins
The ____ carry blood back to the heart by way of the venae cavae , the largest veins in the body.
veins
The _____ carry the blood to the two largest veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, which empty into the heart
veins
Deoxygenated blood is brought to the right atrium by the _____
venae cavae
The _____ are the two largest veins in the body
venae cavae
The veins carry blood back to the heart by way of the ____ , the largest veins in the body.
venae cavae
____ is the plural term for vena cava
venae cavae
Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> _______ --> Venules --> Veins
venous capillaries
The combining form venul/o means ____
venule
Arteries --> Arterioles --> Arterial capillaries --> Tissue cells --> Venous capillaries --> ________ --> Veins
venules
Blood leaving the capillaries returns to the heart through the ____ , which flow into the veins
venules
smaller veins are called ____
venules
The combining form vascul/o means _____
vessel
The combining forms angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o means ______
vessels
The innermost layer of the pericardium is the _____ also known as the epicardium
visceral pericardium
The combining form ather/o means ____
yellow fatty plaque