Chapter 7: Enzymes and Chemical Reactions

How do enzymes work?

- Some break things down - Some build things up - They are specific and can only catalyze a certain reaction - Are not affected by reaction - can be reused - Can be denatured - Cooling an enzyme will not denature it, it just slows it down

Steps of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction:

1). Substrate(s) attach to the enzyme at the active site. 2). Reaction happen and product(s) are made 3). Product(s) leave enzyme so the enzyme can be reused by another substrate.

The Chemical Equation for Hydrogen Peroxide Being Broken Down by Catalase

2H₂O₂ = Reactants 2H₂O+O₂ = Products ----> = Yield ₂ = Subscript 2= Coefficient

Enzyme

A special kind of catalyst made of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in living things.

Active Site

A special place on an enzyme where substrates attach based on the shape.

Catalase

A specific example of an enzyme that speeds up the break down of hydrogen peroxide.

Catalyst

Anything that speeds up a chemical reaction.

Substrate(s)

The reactant(s) of a reaction being catalyzed by an enzyme.

-ase

Enzyme

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed for the reaction to happen.

Chemical Reaction

Involves breaking bonds, rearranging atoms, and making new bonds.

Write a sentence in which you show the relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

REACTANTS enter a CHEMICAL REACTION to undergo change, eventually forming PRODUCTS.

Write a sentence or draw a labelled diagram in which you show the relationship between an enzyme, a substrate, and the active site.

The active site of the enzyme is a special place where the substrate can attach and then a reaction happens and products are made.

Activation Energy

The amount energy needed to start a reaction.

Denature

When the shape of an enzyme changes from too much heat or the wrong pH which causes the enzyme to stop working.