Chapter 7:8 Circulatory system
atherosclerosis
a fatty deposit on the walls of arteries
myocardialinfartion
blockage in the coronary ateries of the heart
thrombocyte
blood cell required for the clotting process
erythrocyte
blood cell that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
leukocyte
blood cell that helps fight infection
artery
blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
vein
blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart
capillary
blood vessel that connects arterioles with venules
arteries
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
veins
blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
capillaries
blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules
diastole
brief period of rest in the heart
erythrocytes
carry oxygen and carbon dioxide; 4.5-5.5 million
thrombocytes
clots blood; 250000-400000
hemoglobin
complex protein on red blood cells
eosinophils
defend the body from allergic reactions
brief period of rest
describe what happens in the heart during diastole
right ventricle pushes blood into pulmonary atery so blood goes to the lungs, left ventricle pushes blood into the aorta so blood goes to all parts of the body.
describe what happens in the heart during systole. state where each ventricle sends the blood.
varicose veins
dilated, swollen veins
hemophilia
disease characterized by failure of the blood clot
pericardium
double-layered membrane on the outside of the heart
leukocytes
fight infection; 5000-10000
plasma
fluid portion of blood
embolus
foreign substance circulating in the bloodstream
hypertension
high blood pressure
anemias
inadequate number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or both:
thrombophebitis
inflammation of the veins with formation of a clot
aorta
largest artery in the body
oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, hormones
list six substances transported by the blood
Blood proteins, nutrients, vitamins, gases, metabolic and waste products, and hormones
list substances that are dissolved or suspended in plasma
(SA) node, pathways in the atria, (AV) node, bundle of His, right and left bundle of branches, Purkinje fibers
list the parts of the conductive pathway for electrical impulses in the heart. list the parts in correct order
ventricle
lower chamber of the heart
leukemia
malignant disease with large numbers of immature white blood cells
arteries
most muscular and elastic blood vessels
myocardium
muscular middle layer of the heart
septum
muscular wall that separates the heart into a right and left side
systole
period of ventricular contraction in the heart
neutrophils and lor monocytes
phagocytize bacteria
basophils
produce histamine and heparin
lymphocytes
provide immunity for the body by developing antibodies
aneurysm
saclike formation in the wall of an artery
arterioles
smallest branches of ateries
venules
smallest branches of veins
endocardium
smooth layer of cells lining the inside of the heart
blood
tissue that flows through the circulatory system
superior and inferior vena cava
two largest veins in the body
atrium
upper chamber of the heart
mitral valve
valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
aortic valve
valve between the left ventricle and aorta
pulmonary valve
valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
capillaries
vessels that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through to cells
veins
vessels that contain valves to prevent back flow of blood
hemoglobin and the amount of oxygen present
what gives blood its characteristic red color?
abnormal heart rhythm; cardiac monitors and electrocardiogram
what is arrhythmia? how is it diagnosed?
hemoglobin is a complex protein found on the red blood cells; and its function is to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
what is hemoglobin? what is its function?
