Chapter 7,8,9 Review
there are roughly _______ registered lobbyists who work in washington
12000
according to the department of labor, roughly _____ percent of americans participate in volunteer activities annually
25
current election laws in the US favor
a two party system
generally protests ________ have not been popular in the US
against US military action
which of these groups vote at about average rates
college educated students and upper income americans
government agency
constituent service
which two political parties were competitive during the first party system
democratic- republicans and federalist
while the relationship between actors in an iron triangle tends to be more long lasting issue networks tend to
disband once an issue is settled
as compared to on television, ________ have greater control over the message on the internet
individual users
which of the following represents a shared view of pluralists and their critics
interest groups are important to bringing the concerns of groups of individuals to the attention of government
how have advances in technology affected th free rider problem
it has lessened it
in order to raise enough funds for their campaigns political candidates raise money from all of the following groups except
state government
many voters cast a ________ where they only vote for candidates of one party
straight ticket
which of the following types of interest groups is classified as an economic type
agriculture
what is the term darrell west uses to describe candidates use to televise ads
air wars
which definition refers to an interest group
an organization seeking to influence government policy
the BLM movement has sought primarily to highlight
disparities in local officials treatment of black and white citizens
even if a third party candidate fails to win an election the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed
drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates and encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party
how did the supreme court rule on indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government issued voter identification card in order to vote
it upheld the indiana law
interest group influence is particularly strong among _________ agencies that are responsible for overseeing the nation's business sectors
regulatory
capture theories argues that ________ sometimes focus more on the needs of industries than on the public interest
regulatory agencies
voting for candidates past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called ________ voting
retrospective
which of the following voting blocs was largely notable for its migration to the republican party during the 1980s
southern whites
generally protests _________ have been popular in the US
against US military action
why did the communist movement fail in america
its goals were too at odds with american values
what role does party loyalty play in voting
party loyalty heightens interest in voting
third parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as
single issue parties
unlike participation through interest groups or political parties participation in political movements
takes place largely outside established institutions
compared to iron triangles the relationship between actors in an issue network tend to be more
temporary
when does a national party committee defer to the president to chose a national chair
when the party controls the white house
which party formed during the 1830s was competitive against the jacksonian democratic party
whig party
which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true
abraham lincoln was target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns and negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago when thomas jefferson ran for office
which political leader wrote that the government must dilute the influence of factions and interest groups by filtering their views through properly structured governing institutions
james madison
an interest group may form an _________ ________ ________ whose main goal is to raise and spend money to influence the outcome of elections
political action committee
in a proportional representation system which of the following is true
political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the votes each party receives
which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the 26 amendment granting 18 year olds the right to vote
since 18 year olds were eligible for the draft they should also be able to vote
in what area has virtual participation been a tangible asset for political campaigns
small donor fundraising
which of the following statements is true regarding a single member district electoral system
the candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district
which political party has been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs
the democratic party
which of the following led to the start of the political party realignment in the 1930s that worked to the benefit of the democratic party
the great depression
which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources
volunteering in political campaign and demonstrating for political causes
suffrage is the right to
vote
which of the following factors are said to adversely affect voter turnout in the US
voter registration laws and frequent elections
which of the following voting restrictions increases the burden on citizens who move frequently
voter registration requirements
the proportion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as
voter turnout
what is another name for the plurality system
winner take all system
which of the following terms refers to a feeling of powerlessness such as that rooted in the belief that government pays no attention to an individuals interests
alienation
which of the following states have 800 or more registered lobbyists within the state
california, new york, texas
the type of interest group that addresses issues of concern to the general public and not just the groups member is called an
citizens noneconomic
which of the following is an advantage that economic groups have over citizens groups
economic groups can provide material benefits such as jobs to those who are part of the group
differences in which of the following are factors that influence voter participation
education, sense of duty, and age
the most important minor parties in the 20th century have been ___________ parties
factional
what role does party loyalty play in voting
heightens interest in voting
which of the following are private goods
jobs and retirement plans
__________ refers broadly to efforts by groups to influence public policy through contact with public officials
lobbying
the movement against gun violence has a relatively low profile until the mass killing at
majority stoneman douglas high school
although state parties do not work full time, they are _______ likely to have full time employees than local parties
more
senior citizens in the US have a _________ rate of voter turnout than voters under the age of 30 do
much higher
local party organization operate
only during campaign periods
which of the following states describe how US campaigns are both party centered and candidate centered
the same parties are represented nationwide, and candidates organize their own campaigns
in politics what do linkage institutions do
they connect citizens with government
how did many of the founders of the US view political parties
they viewed political parties with suspicion
interest groups that are not directly involved in litigation may file amicus curiae briefs
to encourage a ruling that is beneficial to their cause
which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources
volunteering in a political campaign and demonstrating for political causes
a simple way to describe citizens group is that they are groups
anyone can join
which of the following nations has the highest voter turnout rates
belgium
which of the following voting blocs has moved heavily into the democrat party since the 1960
black americans
congressional committee
budget support for a program
all party organizations have a responsibility to
build support among voters
among economic groups which type are the most numerous
business groups
todays political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful
campaign strategies, pollsters, and media producers
political parties and their ability to control politics in the US have been weakened by ________ centered campaigns
candidate
political parties and their ability to control politics in the US have been weakened by __________ centered campaigns
candidate
an organization that collects dues in exchange for providing exclusive members only benefits is an example of an _________ interest group
economic
interest groups
electoral support to members of congress
in the era of jacksonian democracy the efforts of local party organization along with the extension of voting rights to citizen without property contributed to an almost _________ increase in election turnout
fourfold
to date the internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for
fundraising and mobilizing supporters
which of the following sum up the various functions of political consultants
gathering voter opinions, production of promotional materials, and advising on how to run a successful campaign
the fact that more white women than white men vote for the democratic party is an example of a ________ gap
gender
the occupy wall street movement was aimed predominantly at which issue
income inequality
although some people believe it is insignificant which of the following may result if IDs are not required for voting
increase fraud
which of the following groups has the highest rate of voter turnout
middle aged people from the upper class
citizens united v federal election commission involved which issue affecting interest groups
the limit on corporate and union sending in federal elections
which one of these groups is an example of a citizens group
the national organizations for woman
when a realignment in the electorate occurs which of the following occurs
the parties reorganize themselves
which of the following statements are true regarding US elections
they are held more frequently than in other countries and they allow voters to choose party nominees
which of the following statements are true concerning interest groups
they can support controversial issues that law makers often avoid, and they broaden the range of issues that lawmakers address
americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies expect in which of the following activities
turning out to vote on election day
in order to have the best chance to win in two party system political parties normally
align themselves near the middle of the voting spectrum
which protest movement of the modern era has has the most lasting effect
civil rights
_________ goods are those that belong to all people and cannot be withheld on an individual basis such as clean air or water
collective
true or false: americans in the lowest 20% of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the US
false
political parties began to emerge in the US
in spite of many of the founding fathers mistrust of them
which of the following are among interest groups judicial lobbying options
lawsuits, filing amicus curiae briefs, and influencing the selection of federal judges
which of the following tactics were used to disenfranchise blacks in the post civil war south despite the passage of the 15th amendment
literacy test and publicize lists of voters
which of the following are ways in which members of congress benefit from ties to lobbyists
lobbyists identify bills that need their attention, lobbyists provide info on specific pieces of legislation, and lobbyists testify at committee hearings
the mass killing at majority stoneman douglas high school resulted in which of the following
national school walk out day and march for our lives demonstration
which of the following states have closed/ partially closed primaries
nevada florida north carolina
what usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a US national election
one or both major parties will try to co opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful
local party organizations operate
only during campaign periods
a state that permits all registered voters regardless of party affiliation to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system
open
_________ lobbying involves bringing public pressure on policymakers such as organizing a letter writing campaign to members of congress
outside
why did states start registering voters
to prevent individual from voting multiple times in the same election
true or false: rather than being the result of an abrupt shift in response to a single disruptive issue, realignment are caused by gradual changes in response to several issues
true
true or false: retired lawmakers cannot become lobbyists because they are forbidden by law to take a lobbying job
false
which type of party is highly organized around framework concerning the nature and role of government in society
ideologically oriented parties
true or false: according to political scientist mancur olson interest groups with smaller memberships usually prevail because they are able to join together and pool resources
true
primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the top-two finishers compete in the general election are called ________ primaries
top two
