Chapter 7,8,9 Review

there are roughly _______ registered lobbyists who work in washington

12000

according to the department of labor, roughly _____ percent of americans participate in volunteer activities annually

25

current election laws in the US favor

a two party system

generally protests ________ have not been popular in the US

against US military action

which of these groups vote at about average rates

college educated students and upper income americans

government agency

constituent service

which two political parties were competitive during the first party system

democratic- republicans and federalist

while the relationship between actors in an iron triangle tends to be more long lasting issue networks tend to

disband once an issue is settled

as compared to on television, ________ have greater control over the message on the internet

individual users

which of the following represents a shared view of pluralists and their critics

interest groups are important to bringing the concerns of groups of individuals to the attention of government

how have advances in technology affected th free rider problem

it has lessened it

in order to raise enough funds for their campaigns political candidates raise money from all of the following groups except

state government

many voters cast a ________ where they only vote for candidates of one party

straight ticket

which of the following types of interest groups is classified as an economic type

agriculture

what is the term darrell west uses to describe candidates use to televise ads

air wars

which definition refers to an interest group

an organization seeking to influence government policy

the BLM movement has sought primarily to highlight

disparities in local officials treatment of black and white citizens

even if a third party candidate fails to win an election the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed

drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates and encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party

how did the supreme court rule on indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government issued voter identification card in order to vote

it upheld the indiana law

interest group influence is particularly strong among _________ agencies that are responsible for overseeing the nation's business sectors

regulatory

capture theories argues that ________ sometimes focus more on the needs of industries than on the public interest

regulatory agencies

voting for candidates past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called ________ voting

retrospective

which of the following voting blocs was largely notable for its migration to the republican party during the 1980s

southern whites

generally protests _________ have been popular in the US

against US military action

why did the communist movement fail in america

its goals were too at odds with american values

what role does party loyalty play in voting

party loyalty heightens interest in voting

third parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as

single issue parties

unlike participation through interest groups or political parties participation in political movements

takes place largely outside established institutions

compared to iron triangles the relationship between actors in an issue network tend to be more

temporary

when does a national party committee defer to the president to chose a national chair

when the party controls the white house

which party formed during the 1830s was competitive against the jacksonian democratic party

whig party

which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true

abraham lincoln was target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns and negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago when thomas jefferson ran for office

which political leader wrote that the government must dilute the influence of factions and interest groups by filtering their views through properly structured governing institutions

james madison

an interest group may form an _________ ________ ________ whose main goal is to raise and spend money to influence the outcome of elections

political action committee

in a proportional representation system which of the following is true

political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the votes each party receives

which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the 26 amendment granting 18 year olds the right to vote

since 18 year olds were eligible for the draft they should also be able to vote

in what area has virtual participation been a tangible asset for political campaigns

small donor fundraising

which of the following statements is true regarding a single member district electoral system

the candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district

which political party has been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs

the democratic party

which of the following led to the start of the political party realignment in the 1930s that worked to the benefit of the democratic party

the great depression

which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources

volunteering in political campaign and demonstrating for political causes

suffrage is the right to

vote

which of the following factors are said to adversely affect voter turnout in the US

voter registration laws and frequent elections

which of the following voting restrictions increases the burden on citizens who move frequently

voter registration requirements

the proportion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as

voter turnout

what is another name for the plurality system

winner take all system

which of the following terms refers to a feeling of powerlessness such as that rooted in the belief that government pays no attention to an individuals interests

alienation

which of the following states have 800 or more registered lobbyists within the state

california, new york, texas

the type of interest group that addresses issues of concern to the general public and not just the groups member is called an

citizens noneconomic

which of the following is an advantage that economic groups have over citizens groups

economic groups can provide material benefits such as jobs to those who are part of the group

differences in which of the following are factors that influence voter participation

education, sense of duty, and age

the most important minor parties in the 20th century have been ___________ parties

factional

what role does party loyalty play in voting

heightens interest in voting

which of the following are private goods

jobs and retirement plans

__________ refers broadly to efforts by groups to influence public policy through contact with public officials

lobbying

the movement against gun violence has a relatively low profile until the mass killing at

majority stoneman douglas high school

although state parties do not work full time, they are _______ likely to have full time employees than local parties

more

senior citizens in the US have a _________ rate of voter turnout than voters under the age of 30 do

much higher

local party organization operate

only during campaign periods

which of the following states describe how US campaigns are both party centered and candidate centered

the same parties are represented nationwide, and candidates organize their own campaigns

in politics what do linkage institutions do

they connect citizens with government

how did many of the founders of the US view political parties

they viewed political parties with suspicion

interest groups that are not directly involved in litigation may file amicus curiae briefs

to encourage a ruling that is beneficial to their cause

which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources

volunteering in a political campaign and demonstrating for political causes

a simple way to describe citizens group is that they are groups

anyone can join

which of the following nations has the highest voter turnout rates

belgium

which of the following voting blocs has moved heavily into the democrat party since the 1960

black americans

congressional committee

budget support for a program

all party organizations have a responsibility to

build support among voters

among economic groups which type are the most numerous

business groups

todays political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful

campaign strategies, pollsters, and media producers

political parties and their ability to control politics in the US have been weakened by ________ centered campaigns

candidate

political parties and their ability to control politics in the US have been weakened by __________ centered campaigns

candidate

an organization that collects dues in exchange for providing exclusive members only benefits is an example of an _________ interest group

economic

interest groups

electoral support to members of congress

in the era of jacksonian democracy the efforts of local party organization along with the extension of voting rights to citizen without property contributed to an almost _________ increase in election turnout

fourfold

to date the internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for

fundraising and mobilizing supporters

which of the following sum up the various functions of political consultants

gathering voter opinions, production of promotional materials, and advising on how to run a successful campaign

the fact that more white women than white men vote for the democratic party is an example of a ________ gap

gender

the occupy wall street movement was aimed predominantly at which issue

income inequality

although some people believe it is insignificant which of the following may result if IDs are not required for voting

increase fraud

which of the following groups has the highest rate of voter turnout

middle aged people from the upper class

citizens united v federal election commission involved which issue affecting interest groups

the limit on corporate and union sending in federal elections

which one of these groups is an example of a citizens group

the national organizations for woman

when a realignment in the electorate occurs which of the following occurs

the parties reorganize themselves

which of the following statements are true regarding US elections

they are held more frequently than in other countries and they allow voters to choose party nominees

which of the following statements are true concerning interest groups

they can support controversial issues that law makers often avoid, and they broaden the range of issues that lawmakers address

americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies expect in which of the following activities

turning out to vote on election day

in order to have the best chance to win in two party system political parties normally

align themselves near the middle of the voting spectrum

which protest movement of the modern era has has the most lasting effect

civil rights

_________ goods are those that belong to all people and cannot be withheld on an individual basis such as clean air or water

collective

true or false: americans in the lowest 20% of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the US

false

political parties began to emerge in the US

in spite of many of the founding fathers mistrust of them

which of the following are among interest groups judicial lobbying options

lawsuits, filing amicus curiae briefs, and influencing the selection of federal judges

which of the following tactics were used to disenfranchise blacks in the post civil war south despite the passage of the 15th amendment

literacy test and publicize lists of voters

which of the following are ways in which members of congress benefit from ties to lobbyists

lobbyists identify bills that need their attention, lobbyists provide info on specific pieces of legislation, and lobbyists testify at committee hearings

the mass killing at majority stoneman douglas high school resulted in which of the following

national school walk out day and march for our lives demonstration

which of the following states have closed/ partially closed primaries

nevada florida north carolina

what usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a US national election

one or both major parties will try to co opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful

local party organizations operate

only during campaign periods

a state that permits all registered voters regardless of party affiliation to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system

open

_________ lobbying involves bringing public pressure on policymakers such as organizing a letter writing campaign to members of congress

outside

why did states start registering voters

to prevent individual from voting multiple times in the same election

true or false: rather than being the result of an abrupt shift in response to a single disruptive issue, realignment are caused by gradual changes in response to several issues

true

true or false: retired lawmakers cannot become lobbyists because they are forbidden by law to take a lobbying job

false

which type of party is highly organized around framework concerning the nature and role of government in society

ideologically oriented parties

true or false: according to political scientist mancur olson interest groups with smaller memberships usually prevail because they are able to join together and pool resources

true

primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the top-two finishers compete in the general election are called ________ primaries

top two