Chapter 8 Blackboard Quizzes

When many ethnic groups live together in a nation with abundant food and adequate medical care, children of ________ descent tend to be tallest.

African

Which of the following statements about left-handedness is TRUE?

Although a genetic preference, left-handedness can be modified by experience

The major nutritional deficit in early childhood in DEVELOPED countries is insufficient:

iron, zinc, and calcium

When a young child insists that his or her potatoes be placed on a certain part of the dinner plate, he or she is exhibiting:

the "just-right" phenomenon

Which of the following is an example of primary prevention of child maltreatment?

decreasing family isolation

A child's insistence on routine typically peaks at around age:

3

By age 6, the average child in a developed nation weighs between _______ pounds and is at least ______ inches tall.

40 and 50; 42

At what age is the typical child able to skip and gallop in rhythm?

5

By about age _____ the rigidity has faded a bit.

5-6

Fine motor skills mature about ________ earlier in girls than in boys.

6 months

The 2-year-old brain weighs ________ percent of what it will weigh in adulthood.

75

By age 6, the brain weighs ________ percent of what it will weigh in adulthood.

90

It is important that parents and caregivers allow time for all types of play so children can hone their ________.

Cognitive, fine motor, and social skills

In the United States, which ethnicity has the highest childhood obesity rate?

Hispanic

The most common cause of death in childhood is:

accidents

The _______ is the brain structure that registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety.

amygdale

It is important for pediatricians to provide parents with ___________ so they know how to ensure their child's health.

anticipatory guidance

When do children begin to "slim-down"?

between age 5-6

When does a child's appetite decrease in childhood?

between ages 2-6

All forms of artistic expression blossom during ____________.

early childhood

A 2004 study of 2-4 year olds from low-income families living in New York City found that even when income fell, children were still overweight. This suggests that ____________was the cause, not genes.

eating habits

Which skills are harder to master?

fine motor

When Gabe was 3 years old the pictures he would draw were indecipherable because he had yet to master his ________________ and ___________________.

fine motor skills; appropriate perceptual representation

Fine motor skills require two ________ and thus ________ sides of the _________.

hands; two; brain

The ____________ is the central processor of memory, especially of memory for locations.

hippocampus

The part of the limbic system that produces hormones is the:

hypothalamus

An undeveloped prefrontal cortex is responsible for __________ in young children.

impulsiveness

The body mass index (BMI, the ratio of weight to height):

is lower at age 5 than at any other age in the life span

A form of foster care in which a relative of a maltreated child becomes his or her foster parent is:

kinship care

Which of the following is crucial for the overall expression and regulation of emotions?

limbic system

Which of the following is controlled by the left half of the brain?

logical reasoning

A typical 6-year-old in a developed nation:

looks lean, not chubby, weighs between 40 and 50 pounds and is at least 3½ feet tall

In the United States, most foster children are from ______________ income families.

low

With regard to social skills, maltreated children are:

more isolated

The effects of myelination are notable in early childhood partly because the areas of the brain that show greatest early myelination are the ______ and _____ areas.

motor; sensory

Sweetened cereals and drinks are a poor substitute for a balanced diet because:

nutrients haven't been identified

A 2004 study of 2- to 4-year-olds from low-income families living in New York City found many children were:

overweight

According to sociocultural theory, children learn gross motor skills best from:

peers

When the _____________area of the brain matures emotions are less intense and controlled.

prefrontal cortex

Laws limiting the number of baby aspirins per container are an example of ___________ prevention.

primary

An example of a gross motor skill is:

pumping a swing

Exposure to high levels of lead has not been directly correlated with:

reduced motor skills

The "just-right" phenomenon:

refers to young children's insistence on routine

Another term for lateralization is:

sidedness

Improved emergency room procedures are an example of ___________ prevention.

tertiary

The level of prevention aimed to reduce harm when a child has already been abused is:

tertiary

According to the text, what is the most common disease of young children in developed nations?

tooth decay

We recognize today that child abuse or maltreatment is:

usually perpetrated by the child's parents