Chapter 9 // Eating Disorders

Hypothalamus:

A part of brain that regulates many bodily function

Describe the characteristics of binge eating disorder:

Symptoms and characteristics: -Patterns are similar to those seen in bulimia -Those with binge eating disorder: 1.Do not perform inappropriate compensatory behavior 2.Are not driven to thinness or efforts at extreme dieting 3.Often become overweight or obese

Bulimia Nervosa

A disorder marked by frequent eating binges that are followed by forced vomiting or other extreme compensatory behaviors to avoid gaining weight. Also known as BINGE-PURGE SYNDROME (Third eating disorder also appears to be on the rise.) .

Anorexia Nervosa

A disorder marked by the pursuit of extreme thinness and by extreme weight loss.

Define and explain the term alexithymia:

A great difficulty putting descriptive labels on their feelings

List some of the medical complication of anorexia nervosa:

Amenorrhea - The absence of menstrual cycles. Low body temperature Low blood pressure Body swelling Reduced bone density Slow heart rate Metabolic and electrolyte imbalances Dry skin, brittle nails Poor circulation Lanugo

Similarites characteristics of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa:

Begins after a period of dieting Fear of becoming obese Drive to become thin Preoccupation with food, weight, appearance Feelings of anxiety, depression, obsessiveness, perfectionism Heightened risk of suicide attempts Substance abuse Distorted body perception Disturbed attitudes toward eating

Explain how the behavioral symptoms of a person with bulimia nervosa is negatively reinforced:

Compensatory behaviors may temporarily relieve the negative feelings attached to binge eating Over time, a cycle develops in which purging ⇒ bingeing ⇒ purging

The distorted thinking of anorexia nervosa also takes the form of certain maladaptive attitudes and misperceptions. List some of the beliefs mentioned in the textbook:

Depression Anxiety Low self-esteem Insomnia or other sleep disturbances Substance abuse Obsessive-compulsive patterns Perfectionism

Hilde Bruch argued that disturbed mother - child interactions lead to serious _______ in the child (including poor sense of independence and control) and severe ______ that jointly help produce disordered eating.

Ego deficiencies / Perceptual disturbances

List some of the professions that put people most at risk for eating disorders:

Models, actors, dancers, and certain athletes

Difference of the characteristics of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa

People with bulimia nervosa: -are more concerned about pleasing others, being attractive to others, and having intimate relationships -tend to be more sexually experienced and active -are more likely to have histories of mood swings, low frustration tolerance, and poor coping

Lateral hypothalamus

Produce hunger when activated

Ventromedial hypothalamus

Reduce hunger when activated

Define the term weight set point:

The weight level that a person is predisposed to maintain, controlled in part by the hypothalamus.

Perhaps the most popular weight-restoration techniques in recent years has been a combination of ________ care, nutria counseling, and a relatively _____diet.

nursing / high-calorie

According to Bruch, parents may respond to their children with effectively. Explain what these terms means and the possible outcomes of such parenting:

parents accurately attend to a child's biological and emotional needs

According to Bruch, parents may respond to their children with ineffectively. Explain what these terms means and the possible outcomes of such parenting:

parents fail to attend to child's needs; they feed when the child is anxious, comfort when the child is tired, etc.

Many people with eating disorders, particular those with bulimia nervosa, have symptoms of _________. This find had led some theorist to suggest that depressive disorders set the stage for eating disorders.

serotonin abnormalities