Chapter 9: Joints Practice Questions

Amphiarthrosis

A joint that allows a limited amount of movement between the two bones.

Diarthrosis

A joint that allows a lot of movement between the two bones.

Syndesmoses

A joint that can move a little. A gomphoses of the teeth is one example.

Synarthrosis

A joint that doesn't move or moves very little.

Fibrous Joint

A joint where the bones are connected by dense connective tissue.

Cartilaginous Joint

A joint where the bones are connected with cartilage

Synovial Joint

A joint where the bones have a fluid-filled cavity between the bones.

Suture

A joint where the bones that grow very tightly together. The joint looks like a zig-zag.

Ball and socket joint

A long bone has a round head that fits into a depression.

Bursa

A tiny synovial packet that protects bone from other structures like tendons

Gliding example

Bones in the wrist as they glide past each other.

Synostosis

Bones that don't move

Flexion

Decreasing the angle of a joint

Meniscus

Extra cartilage that supports the joint

A cartilaginous joint is also known as a fibrous joint. True or False

False

Although uncommon, it is possible for a fibrous joint to be a diarthrosis. True or False

False

Sutures, syndesmoses and symphyses are kinds of fibrous joints. True or False.

False

Synovial fluid becomes more viscous when there is increased movement at a joint. True or false?

False

We make more synovial fluid as we age. True False

False

Interosseous Membrane

Fibers hold two bones together, but there is quite a bit of movement. The tibia and fibula joint is one example.

Hyperextension

Increasing the angle of the joint past the normal position

Pivot joint

One bone can rotate within a structure.

Condyloid joint

One bone is egg shaped and the other fits on top of it.

Articular Cartilage

The cartilage that covers and protects the end of each bone, to prevent friction.

Ligaments

The dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Tendons

The dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to muscle

Fibrous Capsule

The outer, tough covering over the whole joint.

Synovial Membrane

The structure that contains the synovial fluid.

Adduction

To pull part of the body closer to the midline.

Abduction

To pull part of the body further away from the midline.

All synovial joints are diarthosis. True False

True

An articulation is a joint which is a place where two bones come close to each other. True or False?

True

As injury to a tendon or ligament may cause tightening because scar tissue is created to 'heal' the injury. True False

True

Saddle joint

Two U-shaped bones fit together.

Planar joint

Two bones glide past each other in two different directions.

Hinge joint

Two bones move like a cupboard door, opening and closing in just one direction.

Rotation

When one bone rotates compared to another

Rotation example

When the atlas rotates inside the axis.

Hyperextension example

When the neck is bent so you are looking at the sky.

Circumduction example

When the shoulder or hip move in a large circular movement.

Gliding

When two bones glide past each other.

Flexion example

When you contract your bicep.

Abduction example

When you raise your whole arm out to your side.

Extension example

When your knee is in the normal position, such as when you're standing.

A synchondrosis is: a fibrous joint that doesn't move a cartilaginous joint that doesn't move a cartilaginous joint that moves a little a synovial joint

a cartilaginous joint that doesn't move

A symphysis is: a fibrous joint that doesn't move a cartilaginous joint that doesn't move a cartilaginous joint that moves a little a synovial joint

a cartilaginous joint that moves a little

Why does a joint lose motion if it isn't used? a. Because the body won't provide more protein to tendons and ligaments and so they tighten with disuse. b. Because the body will lay down scar tissue if the joint isn't used. c. Because the joint fills with fluid if it isn't used as much.

a. Because the body won't provide more protein to the tendons and ligaments and so they tighten with disuse.

The function of the articular cartilage is a. to reduce friction b. to prevent bony surfaces from contacting one another c. to provide lubrication d. a and b are correct

a. a and b are correct

The outer layer of the articular capsule consists of a. dense irregular connective tissue b. dense regular connective tissue c. cartilage d. synovial membranes e. loose connective tissue

a. dense irregular connective tissue

Which kind of joints: bones connected by collagen fibers a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

a. fibrous joints

Which kind of joints: nearly all are synarthrotic a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

a. fibrous joints

Which kind of joints: types are sutures and syndesmoses a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

a. fibrous joints

Side-to-side and back-and -forth movement is typical for a a. saddle joint b. pivot joint c. hinge joint d. condyloid joint e. gliding joint

a. saddle joint

A suture is classified as a (an) a. synarthrosis b. syndesmosesdiarthrosis c. amphiarthrosis d. all of the above

a. synarthrosis

An immovable joint is called a(n) a. synarthrosis b. diarthrosis c. amphiarthrosis d. all of the above

a. synarthrosis

The epiphyseal plate can be described as a type of joint. Choose the term that describes the joint before growth in the length of the bone has ended. a. synchondrosis b. synostosis c. syndesmosis d. symphysis e. synovial

a. synchondrosis

A cavity between joints is characteristic for a. synovial joints b. symphysis c. fibrous joints d. amphiathrosis e. none of the above

a. synovial joints

Which of the following is movement of a body part away from the midline? flexion extension abduction adduction

abduction

Tilting the head to the side is rotation depression abduction (lateral flexion) lateral excursion flexion

abduction (lateral flexion)

Which of the following is the movement of a body part toward the midline? flexion extension abduction adduction

adduction

Factors that influence the stability of a synovial joint include shape of articular surfaces presence of strong reinforcing ligaments tone of surrounding muscles all of these

all of these

Hyperextension represents the movement of a bone away from the midline the movement of the distal end of a part of the body in a circle the movement of a part of the body forward an extension beyond the anatomical position movement of a protracted part of the body back to the anatomical position

an extension beyond the anatomical position

Which joint is a synchondrosis joint? a. The joints between our vertebrae b. The epiphyseal plate c. The pubic joint d. The knee joint

b. The epiphyseal plate

Which kind of joints: bones connected by a disc of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

b. cartilaginous joints

Which kind of joints: many are amphiarthrotic a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

b. cartilaginous joints

Which kind of joints: types include synchondroses and symphyses a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joint

b. cartilaginous joints

A freely movable joint is called a(n) a. synarthrosis b. diarthrosis Correct answer c. amphiarthrosis d. all of the above

b. diarthrosis

The joints between the vertebrae are a. immovable b. slightly movable c. freely movable d. synovial

b. slightly movable

The articulation between adjacent vertebral bodies is a a. syndesmosis b. symphysis c. synchondrosis d. synostosis

b. symphysis

The distal articulation of the tibia and fibula is a a. diarthrosis b. sydesmosis c. synchondrosis d. symphysis e. synarthrosis

b. syndesmosis

What has the BIGGEST affect on how much a joint can move? a. the number of ligaments b. the shape of the bones c. the amount we use the joint

b. the shape of the bones

Sac-like structures that function to reduce friction between moving parts are called: bursae Correct answer menisci tendons ligaments accessory ligaments

bursae

Which joint is a symphysis? A. The joints between our vertebrae B. The epiphyseal plate C. The pubic joint D. The knee joint

c. The pubic joint

A slightly movable joint is called a(n) a. synarthrosis b. diarthrosis c. amphiarthrosis Correct answer d. all of the above

c. amphiarthrosis

Joints are defined as a. a place where movement occurs b. a place where two bones meet c. both a and b d. none of the above

c. both a and b

What type of cartilage is articular cartilage? a. fibrous b. reticular c. hyaline d. elastic e. collagen

c. hyaline

Joints have to trade mobility and _________; they can't have a lot of both of these things. a. synovial capsules b. motion c. strength

c. strength

The anterior articulation between the two pubic bones is a a. synchondrosis b. synostosis c. symphysis d. synarthrosis

c. symphysis

Which kind of joints: all are diarthrotic a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

c. synovial joints

Which kind of joints: shoulder, hip, jaw, and elbow joints a. fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

c. synovial joints

Which kind of joints: exhibit a joint cavity a . fibrous joints b. cartilaginous joints c. synovial joints

c. synovial joints

Which movement is movement of a body part in a wide circle? rotation supination circumduction inversion and eversion elevation and depression

circumduction

Given these types of joints: gomphosis suture symphysis synchondrosis syndesmosis Choose the types that are held together by cartilage. a. 1, 2 b. 1, 4 c. 2, 3 d. 3, 4 e. 3, 5

d. 3,4

A meniscus a. acts as a shock absorber b. is made of fibrocartilage c. works as a ligament d. a and b only

d. a and b only

Which of the following joints is classified as a synarthrotic joint? a. syndesmosis b. diarthrosis c. symphysis d. gomphosis e. amphiarthrosis

d. gomphosis

Joints containing hyaline cartilage are called _______, and joints containing fibrocartilage are called _______. a. sutures; synchondroses b. syndesmoses; symphyses c. symphyses; syndesmoses d. synchondroses; symphyses e. gomphoses; synchondroses

d. synchondroses; symphyses

The inner layer of the articular capsule is a a. fibrous membrane b. ligament c. articular membrane d. synovial membrane Correct answer e. meniscus

d. synovial membrane

Components of a synovial joint include a. articular cartilage b. synovial membrane c. a joint cavity d. an articular capsule e. all of these

e. all of these

Which of these is commonly used for classifying joints in the body? a. the connective tissue that binds the bones together b. the degree of motion at each joint c. the number of bones that articulate with each other d. the embryonic tissue that formed the joint e. both a and b

e. both a and b

The articulation between the roots of the teeth and the alveoli is an example of a (an) a. synchondrosis b. diarthrosis c. amphiarthrosis d. suture e. gomphosis

e. gomphosis

A joint that is eventually replaced by bone is a (an) a. synchondroses b. syndesmoses c. symphyses d. diarthrosis e. synostosis

e. synostosis

Which movement is lifting up and down? rotation supination circumduction inversion and eversion elevation and depression

elevation and depression

Which of the following increases the joint angle? flexion extension abduction adduction

extension

Which of the following decreases the joint angle? flexion extension abduction adduction

flexion

Extension

increasing the angle of a joint

The structures responsible for channeling the flow of synovial fluid are menisci bursae carpal tunnels articular cartilages

menisci

All of the following are functions of the synovial fluid EXCEPT lubrication friction reduction protein production Correct answer removal of wastes supply of nutrients

protein production

A ______ is the forcible wrenching or twisting of a joint with partial rupture but without dislocation of bones.

sprain

Which movement is the rotation of the lower arm so that the palm is upward ? rotation supination circumduction inversion and eversion elevation and depression

supination

Synovial Fluid

the substance made by the synovial membrane to cushion the joint.