LMSW--2/7/24

What action by the social worker is MOST likely to facilitate rapport between a social worker and a client who is anxious about receiving services? A. Assessing mutuality in the relationship B. Acknowledging the client's difficulty in resolving the presenting problem C. Disclosing to the client that the social worker has similar feelings D. Validating the client's feelings with a nonjudgmental attitude

****D KEY: D Rationale: Each of these options are actions that a social worker might take while working with an anxious client, but (KEY D) is the only option that directly addresses the importance of using a nonjudgmental attitude in relationship building. While it may be important for the social worker to evaluate mutuality in the relationship (A), assessing mutuality will not facilitate rapport building with the client. Acknowledging the client's difficulty in resolving the problem (B) or self-disclosing similar feelings (C) may be helpful, but validating the anxious feelings in a nonjudgmental way will MOST likely help with establishing rapport. KSA tested: III. Interventions with clients/client systems>IIIB. Intervention processes and techniques>The principles and techniques of interviewing.

A social worker interviews a client with a history of resistance to treatment and hostility toward agency staff. To involve the client and establish a therapeutic alliance, what should the social worker do FIRST? A. Conduct a mood assessment with the client B. Engage the client in a discussion of the presenting problem C. Review the history of services with the client D. Refer the client to an anger management group

***B Although (A), (C), and (D) may be acceptable social work practices, and even appropriate for this client at some point, they are not the FIRST thing that a social worker would do to involve the client and ensure forming a therapeutic alliance. Only (KEY B) fits those criteria because engagement is an important part of involving the client and forming a therapeutic alliance.

During an intake session, a client is unable to provide several details needed to complete a psychosocial history. The social worker obtains the client's consent to contact family members for additional information. What term BEST describes the type of information that will be obtained? A. Diagnostic B. Inferential C. Objective D. Collateral

**D Rationale: In this scenario, the social worker has obtained permission from the client to gather needed information from family members to supplement what has already been provided. The information from family members is BEST described as collateral (KEY D) information, or information about the client provided by others. Diagnostic information (A) is generally provided by trained professionals, and inferential information (B) is typically statistical data drawn from conclusions based on reasoning. Objective information (C) is factual; the information from the family may be factual, but it may also be subjective, based on opinion. The BEST answer is collateral (KEY D), information about the client provided by others.

In an effort to keep his job and family, George has decided to seek therapy for his substance abuse problem. Since this type of psychological problem is viewed as an inability to make meaningful and self-directed choices on how to live, intervention should be directed at increasing George's self-awareness and understanding, with a focus on acceptance and growth. Which kind of therapy is this a description of? A. Humanistic therapy B. Behavioral therapy C. Biomedical therapy D. Cognitive therapy

Answer: A - Acceptance and growth are major themes of humanistic therapy. The humanistic approach to therapy holds a belief that individuals have the capacity for self-understanding and choice. Human nature is basically good with a potential to maintain healthy relationships and responsible decisions. Humanistic therapy focuses on freeing people from disabling attitudes and enabling them to thrive.

Scott has been in and out of traditional therapy with little effect on his problems. He feels the main focus is on the issue rather than the solution, and this tends to place him in a passive, helpless role. He already knows what is wrong but wants to move towards what is right. What goal would a social worker aim for with this in mind? A. Solution building B. Positive attitude C. Cognition D. Structured therapy

Answer: A - Solution building should be the main goal when working with Scott. In solution building, a social worker will attempt to change how an individual thinks about a solution and educate a client on how to achieve happiness.

There is a wide range of symptoms and severity across the autism spectrum. Given this fact, which observation is most crucial in establishing a diagnosis of autism? A. Impairment in social interaction and communication B. Impairment in memory and thinking C. Impairment in physical abilities D. Impairment with directives from authority figures

Answer: A - Autism is a spectrum disorder described as a set of behaviors that children and adults display in various ways. There is normally little interest in most activities and noticeable delays in spoken language. Nonverbal behaviors such as body posture and facial expressions can become a problem with autism. One third of patients with this diagnosis have a normal IQ.

Impulse control disorder is an umbrella term for a set of psychological disorders. Which of the following is not part of this set? A. Insomnia B. Intermittent explosive disorder C. Kleptomania D. Pyromania

Answer: A - Individuals who suffer from impulse control disorder generally display actions pertaining to stealing, fire starting and violence, but not necessarily insomnia. It is important to distinguish between the diagnosis of impulse control disorder and actions of people with impulse control disorder. The diagnosis itself is a psychiatric issue, while the actions may be considered criminal. Causes of impulse control disorder may be drug abuse and traumatic brain injury, and many people with impulse control disorder have multiple psychiatric diagnoses that will need to be treated simultaneously.

A social worker is asked to help a family struggling after the recent loss of their home. A fire consumed the entire structure and all contents within. Tangible supports such as food and clothing have been donated. What other care would be most beneficial at this time? A. Informational and emotional B. Medical and social C. Independence and money D. Psychological and medical

Answer: A - Informational support can be provided by advice from friends and family. A social worker can also make referrals to agencies that provide information on housing. Emotional support helps reassure individuals that others can help them through this traumatizing time.

Crisis is a normal part of life, and individuals try to maintain equilibrium by using coping mechanisms. Sometimes the usual techniques do not work when a problem is threatening. People in crisis may experience guilt, feelings of anxiety, helplessness, and fear. Which of the following criteria are used to determine whether a situation constitutes a crisis? A. An individual's view and response to an event B. How others view and respond to an event C. Instincts on what is threatening D. Conditioning as to what defines a crisis

Answer: A - When an individual sees an event as threatening with no way to cope, he or she may find themselves in crisis. This is a state of psychological disequilibrium with a number of indicators. Changes will be observed in energy levels, ability to concentrate, sleeping patterns, and social interaction with friends or relatives. Crisis is a state of feeling; an internal experience of confusion and anxiety to the degree that formerly successful coping mechanisms fail us and ineffective decisions and behaviors take their place.

Al is described by friends and family as being self-centered. He has problems with anger but never wants to accept the blame. Al's relationships with two different women failed because he was physically abusive. A social worker might assess this client with reaction formation disorder. Which category of reaction formation disorder would he fall into? A. Internalizers B. Externalizers C. Inhibitors D. All of the above

Answer: B - Al is most likely an externalizer. Externalizers tend to be aggressive towards others and overcompensate for fear of being wrong. Many will not only display anger physically, but also sexually and emotionally. Externalizing behavior consists of a wide range of actions (e.g., physical assault, lying, defiance, truancy, substance abuse) that share the element of being directed outward and being problematic or unwanted.

A social worker is having difficulty assessing a client's disorder. Symptoms include compulsions, phobias, anxiety, depression, and mood swings. All of these are fairly common problems, so the social worker looks back into the patient's childhood. There she finds a history of sexual abuse by a guardian. This helps the social worker diagnose which disorder? A. Post traumatic stress disorder B. Dissociative disorder C. Bi-polar disorder D. None of the above

Answer: B - The client's history of sexual abuse along with symptoms such as compulsions, phobias, anxiety, depression, and mood swings are indicative of dissociative disorder. Dissociative disorder is also known as multiple personality disorder originating from a childhood trauma. Repeat abuse may cause an inability to recall information. Different identities form in an attempt to put these thoughts in their right place.

Existential therapy focuses on helping clients find meaning amidst anxiety by making choices to act and think responsibly and focusing on individual problems such as loneliness, despair, isolation and death. Existential therapy believes that clients' problems come from not sufficiently exercising choice to bring meaning into their lives. What are the main themes for this type of therapy? A. Self and determination B. Responsibility and freedom C. Choices and self D. Authenticity and free will

Answer: B - The idea that responsibility and freedom enable people to live meaningful lives, even amidst uncertainty, is a major theme of existential therapy. The existential therapist believes that the human experience is influenced by biology, culture and luck. Each individual is responsible for making meaning out of their lives. Therapy helps with the confrontation of negative internal forces.

When multiple behaviors are identified, a social worker must prioritize according to significance. Factors in determining the significance of a problem include the effect of the behavior on a person's environmental access and its social importance and whether intervention is age-appropriate. What is the term for the priority or most significant behavior? A. Direct behavior B. Target behavior C. Interpreted behavior D. None of the above

Answer: B - The most significant behavior is called the target behavior. Behaviors are rated according to key questions dealing with relative danger, long-standing existence, frequency, relevance for skill development, potential for reinforcement, likelihood of success and cost. Determining the significant behavior is a critical step in the assessment process.

Depression has been called by different names, such as the blues, sadness, gloom and just being melancholy. Which of the following is a common symptom of depression? A. Fatigue B. Difficulty with concentration C. Irritability D. All of the above

Answer: D -Fatigue, difficulty with concentration, and irritability are all common symptoms of depression. Depression is a mood disorder that affects everyday life for an extended period of time. Other symptoms may include dramatic changes in appetite, trouble sleeping, withdrawal from usual activities and recurring thoughts of suicide.

Children will normally avoid being disciplined by their parents. Some, however, seek out discipline by displaying inappropriate behaviors and acting on uncontrollable impulses. If a child acts up in a way that forces people around him to step in and help him control his impulses, he is mostly likely suffering from which of the following problems? A. Esteem needs B. Spoiled-child syndrome C. Abuse and neglect D. Emotional disorder

Answer: B - A child who is able to get away with any type of action will soon see an increase in uncontrollable impulses. Spoiled-child syndrome is often the result of poor disciplinary techniques. When parents and relatives fail to set boundaries for children, they act out in an effort to have them forcefully established. The spoiled child syndrome is characterized by excessive self-centered and immature behavior, resulting from the failure of parents to enforce consistent, age-appropriate limits. Many of the problem behaviors that cause parental concern are unrelated to spoiling as properly understood.

Persistent unhappiness, loss of appetite, changes in sleep patterns, withdrawal and decreased energy are all symptoms of what mental illness? A. Chronic fatigue syndrome B. Depression C. Bi-polar disorder D. Alter-ego

Answer: B - Depression is a mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, frustration, loss and anger interfere with day-to-day life for an extended period of time. Low self-esteem and anger are common. The degree of depression may be mild, moderate or severe. This determines the amount of treatment required by a professional.

Psychoanalysis is part of Sigmund Freud's structural id-ego-superego model of an individual's mind. Practice components focus on pathological development and management of aggressive impulses. How one adapts to reality is called: A. Reality theory B. Ego functioning C. Behaviorism D. Cognitive development

Answer: B - Freud's theory studies the normal ego functions of judgment, defensive planning, affect regulation, synthesis and object relations. There are two main forces known as external and internal world responses. Some examples of important ego functions are: reality testing; judgment; object relations; thought processes; and regulation and control of drives, affects, and impulses (Goldstein, 1995). Though ego functions are individually labeled, it is important to note that humans are complex beings.

A family has asked for help with their son. Adrian is an active nine year old who is always on the go. His past behaviors have been blamed on high energy levels and the need to be expressive. Lately, these behaviors have become a problem for Adrian's teachers. There have been three conferences between parents and school staff in the last three months pertaining to the child questioning rules and talking back inappropriately. When he is confronted, Adrian displays resentment towards the authority figure. What might the child be assessed for by the social worker? A. ADHD B. Oppositional defiant disorder C. Anti-social disorder D. Mood disorder

Answer: B - Oppositional defiant disorder affects approximately 16% of school students. It is often recognized as an ongoing pattern of hostile, uncooperative and defiant behaviors displayed towards authority figures. Symptoms must be observed at home and school to be correctly diagnosis.

A social worker is helping a client named Beth with anxiety issues that surface when she is in dark places. The problem has occurred since the client was young, and she sleeps with every light on in her home. Most nights, Beth dozes on the couch, and the lack of sleep is interfering with her home and social life. Which of the following types of therapy would be most effective in combating Beth's anxiety issues? A. Behavior modification B. Systematic desensitization C. Cognitive behavioral D. Psychosomatic disorder

Answer: B - Systematic desensitization educates a person to overcome an avoidance pattern. It helps effectively with phobias and anxiety by exposing the client to the fear gradually until it can be tolerated. Systematic desensitization is used to treat extreme aversions through a combination of graded exposure and relaxation. Systematic desensitization is a behavioral technique whereby a person is gradually exposed to an anxiety-producing object, event, or place while being engaged in some type of relaxation at the same time in order to reduce the symptoms of anxiety.

The disengagement theory views aging as a mutual withdrawal from family, support circles and friends. Societies around the world appear to endorse the idea of elders voluntarily slowing down. Sometimes this occurs when older adults lose their ability to drive, eat or bathe on their own. Which of the following factor most influences the extent to which an elderly person will interact with others? A. Support services B. Abundant relatives C. Health and mobility D. Friends of the same age

Answer: C - As the elderly lose the ability to be mobile within society, their large network of social circles start to grow smaller. Eventually, the only people within an older individual's life tend to be a few close relatives. An assessment will see this withdrawal as beneficial to the community and elderly.

Ashley's family has sought out the services of a social worker to determine what kind of problems the child is having. She tends to display involuntary movements such as repeatedly blinking her eyes and saying things at inappropriate times. These issues have worsened with age. Her father states that there is an uncle in the family who demonstrates the same behaviors. What might be the findings of the social worker's assessment? A. Obsessive compulsive behavior B. Narcissistic disorder C. Tourette syndrome D. Alter-ego disorder

Answer: C - People with Tourette syndrome display behaviors that they think need to be performed before they can relax or calm down. Tics, or involuntary body movements, will increase with anxiety and excitement. Family members with the same disorder can be found in one third of all cases.

What is the first step in a psychological assessment? A. Family medical history B. Biographical history C. Bio psychosocial history D. Mental evaluation

Answer: C - The first step in a psychological assessment is a bio psychosocial history, which involvees identifying chief complaint, past psychological history, present illnesses, and current mental status. Sometimes this information is difficult to obtain if the patient is unwilling to aid in disclosure. Once this information is obtained, neurological and psychological testing can take place. When all information is collected, the patient is informed of the results and treatment begins.

Social workers take on many roles when assessing and providing intervention to their clients. For example, the mediator role involves resolving conflicts in various subsystems without taking sides. Which of the following is another role social workers play? A. Parent B. Medical provider C. Psychologist D. Integrator

Answer: D - The integrator or coordinator brings components together in an organized manner. This may include advocacy and identification of coordination opportunities. Another avenue would be providing technical assistance in the development and implementation of service linkages.

Lisa is a 14-year-old adolescent who skips school on a regular basis. She normally misses at least two days per week and reports just staying home in bed. The teen reports being tired all the time and cannot function at school most days. A social worker will identify a target behavior by examining the antecedent, identifying the function and identifying a positive replacement behavior. What type of problem solving should be initiated by the social worker? A. Authoritative B. Self-centered C. Collaborative D. Independent

Answer: C - The social worker should initiate collaborative problem solving. The social worker will determine what the ultimate outcome should be with therapy, and the client will work towards that goal. If Lisa is given time to think about her actions, she may decrease the incidents. By examining the problem situation and developing a hypothesis, behaviors can be sustained. Collaborative & Proactive Solutions (CPS) is the evidence-based, trauma-informed, neurodiversity affirming model of care that helps caregivers focus on identifying the problems that are causing concerning behaviors in kids and solving those problems collaboratively and proactively.

When developing a functioning service plan to maintain safety and permanence within a family, what type of assessment should be utilized? A. Individual assessment B. Group assessment C. Family-centered assessment D. Child welfare assessment

Answer: C - Family-centered assessment helps identify needs, strengths and resources to determine the best possible assistance for a family. The family unit is seen as a whole and full participation is expected.

A social worker is helping a client who has had a tumultuous past. The client's main is the way his past has come full circle and resulted in problems in the present. After a thorough assessment, the social worker decides to focus on the here and now. What theory is being followed? A. Bandura theory B. Horney theory C. Gestalt theory D. Freud theory

Answer: C - Gestalt therapy utilizes the past to solve a current problem. Clients are shown how to expand on their awareness through dialogue and experimental methods. They are taught self-regulation and lead through activities geared toward tackling the past. Gestalt theory "Here" and "now". This technique enables individuals to appreciate past experiences and how they influence their present thoughts and behavior.

Alysha meets with a social worker and discusses self-perceived problems. She reports complex mood swings that last for weeks and sometimes months. Alysha's main concern is that her manic behaviors may one day become life threatening. When the client is in a more sullen mood, she feels sad but somewhat safer. When completing a full assessment, what might the social worker diagnose Alysha as having? A. Dissociative identity disorder B. Manic depressive disorder C. Bi-polar disorder D. Post traumatic stress disorder

Answer: C - Individuals with bi-polar disorder suffer from both euphoric periods that can lead to risk-taking behaviors and sudden bouts of depression with symptoms of sadness, crying, and a sense of worthlessness.

Strategies utilized to cope with basic anxiety caused by interpersonal relationships can often be overused. When this happens, they take the appearance of needs as described within the neurosis theory. Which psychologist developed this idea? A. Sigmund Freud B. Erik Erikson C. Karen Horney D. Piaget

Answer: C - Karen Horney defines basic anxiety as the need to move towards others, move away from others or move against others. The needs apply when an individual seeks acceptance, creates a hostile environment, or tries to control others in a domineering manner.

Many social workers utilize a therapy-not to be confused with classical conditioning.-that deals with modifications of voluntary behaviors caused by environmental influences. This kind of therapy includes four basic consequences: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.Which of the following therapies is described above? A. Covert behavior therapy B. Positive reaction therapy C. Operant conditioning therapy D. None of the above

Answer: C - Operant conditioning therapy looks at the antecedent and consequences that cause negative behaviors. Reinforcement and punishment are the main tools of this therapy. Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior.

The nation's leading medical problem is not cancer, lung or heart disease. It has definite causes and affects one in five adult Americans. Research suggests genetic, neurological, biochemical, psychological and environmental origins. What condition is being described? A. Hearing loss B. Vision loss C. Mental illness D. Physical disability

Answer: C - Over 23 million Americans receive some form of mental health treatment in a year's time. The sooner symptoms are recognized the better. Individuals in fear of losing control of their lives require help. Symptoms to look for include: depression, excessive sleeping, deterioration of relationships, unusual behavior, social withdrawal and the inability to express feelings.

Phillip is a 24-year-old male who has been in prison on four different occasions. His criminal record includes domestic assault on a girlfriend, stealing a car, setting fire to an abandoned warehouse and drug use. None of Phillip's acts were premeditated, and he claims to have little control over his actions. What disorder might a social worker set out to treat? A. Anger management B. Destructive personality disorder C. Impulse control disorder D. Lack of self esteem

Answer: C - Phillip suffers from impulse control disorder. This problem is defined as the failure to resist a spontaneous act or behavior that may be detrimental to self or others. The actions are not considered in advance and may include gambling, violence, sexual misconduct, stealing and self-abusive behavior.

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the need for love and esteem is referred to as emotional dependency. There are five levels of emotional dependency, all necessary for children to grow into happy individuals. These levels are self-actualization, esteem, love, belonging, and: A. External fulfillment B. Emotional reciprocity C. Physiological dependence D. Psychological growth

Answer: C - The five levels of emotional dependency are: self-actualization, esteem, love, belonging, and psychological growth. All five needs have to be met consistently, or an individual will suffer from a lack of fulfillment. Without love and esteem, children will not grow emotionally. The result may be psychological problems later in life.

When utilizing cognitive therapy as a form of direct practice, a social worker's main goal is to bring about which of the following changes in behavior? A. Diminishing anger B. Becoming more aggressive C. Controlling mood swings D. Controlling emotional responses

Answer: D - Cognitive therapy helps one overcome difficulty by identifying and making changes to behaviors, emotional responses and dysfunctional thinking.

Sabrina has managed to alienate all of her co-workers with bizarre behaviors. She is constantly stealing other people's food from the refrigerator in the lunchroom, arguing with fellow employees over unimportant issues and most recently showing up for work intoxicated. Sabrina is quick-tempered and has even thrown a stapler at a coworker's computer. She has been ordered to seek help for observable problems. A full assessment will more than likely display what findings? A. Judgment disorder B. Affect regulation disorder C. Bi-polar disorder D. Impulse control disorder

Answer: D - A full assessment for Sabrina will likely have the finding of impulse control disorder. Individuals with impulse control disorder are unable to manage aggressive desires without immediate action. Other symptoms of this disorder include sexual promiscuity and excessive drug use. This is an ego function problem that is quite common. An impulse control disorder is a condition in which a person has trouble controlling emotions or behaviors. Often, the behaviors violate the rights of others or conflict with societal norms and the law.

A social worker needs to be cautious when completing an assessment for oppositional defiant disorder. The problem should be observed at home and school. Behaviors must occur in a manner that affects family, social life and academic life. Which of the following symptoms need to be displayed in order to correctly diagnose oppositional defiant disorder? A. Annoyed by others B. Talking in a hateful manner C. Frequent temper tantrums D. All of the above

Answer: D - In order to correctly diagnose oppositional defiant disorder, a social worker must observe a specific set of behaviors, including frequent temper tantrums, hateful language directed at others, and annoyance at interacting with other people. Oppositional defiant disorder affects school-aged children and adolescents. Currently, there are no known causes for this problem.

A social worker meets with the Robertson family to complete a comprehensive family assessment to help recognize parental behavior. Information will be collected on who lives in the home, health history, employment and stability. Which of the following possible contributing factors should the social worker consider? A. Domestic violence B. Alcohol/drug usage C. Educational background D. All of the above

Answer: D - When completing a comprehensive family assessment, the social worker should consider possible contributing factors, including domestic violence, alcohol/drug usage, and educational background, and employment status. All of these concerns are addressed to ensure the permanency and safety of the children. A social worker cannot determine a working service plan without this information.

Sandra's grandmother has been diagnosed with dementia, but recently she has been demonstrating more severe symptoms. She has problems thinking, and the memory loss is beginning to interfere with hobbies, family and social life. What problem may be occurring that affects 5.3 million Americans? A. Social identity disorder B. Cognitive delay disorder C. Chronic fatigue syndrome D. Alzheimer disorder

Answer: D - Alzheimer disorder causes an individual to demonstrate confusion and major changes in thinking. The disorder worsens over time and there is currently no known cure. Brain cells will begin to fail, and the outcome is always fatal.

Sabrina sees a social worker once a week due to an internal conflict that has hindered her everyday functioning in society. The therapy focuses on freedom of choice for issues that are present and those in the possible future. Sabrina will work on four themes, including isolation, freed om, meaninglessness and death. What method is being utilized? A. Psychosomatic therapy B. Gestalt therapy C. Covert therapy D. Existential therapy

Answer: D - Existential therapy helps clients become open to the idea they are free to choose possibilities for their themselves.

Social workers will often utilize a therapy that is similar to the existential approach. An emphasis is on fulfillment and growth through self-perception. The presumption is that everyone's true nature is good.Which of the following therapies is described above? A. Self-centered therapy B. Gestalt therapy C. Realty therapy D. Humanistic therapy

Answer: D - Humanistic therapy is based on self-mastery and self-examination. It focuses on the belief that humans want to improve and reach high levels of success. A social worker will still consider the influences of society and the unconscious.

Person-centered therapy demonstrates emotional understanding and sensitivity towards the client's point of view. The social worker's job is to listen and give complete attention to what the client is verbalizing. Which three attitudes on the part of the therapist make this therapy productive? A. Empathy, compassion, and coerciveness B. Formality, positive reaction, and covert behavior C. Instruction, congruence and empathy D. Positive reaction, positive regard and congruence

Answer: D - Positive reaction, positive regard, and congruence are important facets of person-centered therapy. In person-centered therapy, the direction of the therapy should be determined by the client. Therapy seeks to increase the individual's self-understanding and insight. Person-centered therapy is a non-directive form of talk therapy with a positive view of human nature. It is based on the belief that a person has the inherent potential for positive self-growth.

The Madisons are meeting with their social worker, who is helping them with daily functioning. They are called into one room and shown a flow chart describing the processes the family unconsciously follows. There are distinguishing hierarchies and alliances within. What type of therapy is the social worker utilizing? A. Relational therapy B. Dysfunctional therapy C. Interactive therapy D. Structural family therapy

Answer: D - Structural family therapy places most of the focus on the members' interactions. The family is viewed as a system that functions within a larger classification such as culture or community. Rules of interaction are established, and these form the family's structure. Therapy should always focus on the presenting problem and the process of change.

When applying behavior analysis, assessment guides the recognition of target behaviors and the development of an intervention. What are the four methods utilized to obtain a complete understanding of a person's behavior? A. Direct observation, focus groups, testing and checklists B. Indirect observation, interviews, tests and medical records C. Interviews, checklists, problem identifying and observation D. Direct observation, interviews, checklists and tests

Answer: D - The four major methods of obtaining assessment information are direct observation, interviews, checklists and tests. These methods allow a social worker to identify target behaviors, which must be observable and measurable. Typically there are multiple behaviors identified and the social worker must prioritize for intervention.

After a social worker has identified the target behavior of a client, it is time to start collaborative problem solving, including examining the problem situation and developing a hypothesis. There are three parts to this particular type of problem solving: identifying the antecedent, identifying the function of the behavior and: A. Identifying a positive replacement behavior. B. Identifying the people involved in the behavior. C. Identifying the reason for the behavior. D. Identifying other secondary behaviors.

EXPLANATIONAnswer: A - Identifying a positive replacement behavior will be a process of give and take. An example is a child taking a time-out on his/her own when anger issues arise. Giving that person some freedom to think about their behaviors will help decrease the incidents. The social worker should state what the ultimate outcome is and help the client work towards that goal.

A student's family is referred to a school social worker because the student has been disruptive in the classroom. At the intake interview, the parents tell the social worker they are preoccupied with finding employment and may lose their housing. What should the social worker do NEXT? A. Tell the parents the student must behave better in school B. Arrange an assessment interview with the student C. Assess needs related to the issues affecting the family D. Help the student talk to the parents about the reasons for the behavior

KEY: C

What part of the helping process is MOST important in developing a therapeutic alliance? A. Contracting for service B. Intervention planning C. Establishing rapport

KEY: C

In a routine review of case records at a mental health center, a social work supervisor discovers that case managers routinely refer all African American clients to either Alcoholics Anonymous or Al-Anon. In discussing this practice with the case managers, the supervisor learns that the referrals are made without obtaining information about the clients' use or abuse of substances. What is the BEST way for the supervisor to effectively address this practice? A. Reprimand case managers providing client services based on stereotyping B. Educate the staff about services provided by Alcoholics Anonymous and Al-Anon C. Provide staff training about culturally competent social work practice D. Allow no referrals to be made without approval from the supervisor

It is important to provide educational interventions (C) before moving to more restrictive supervisory practices. Options A and D are more restrictive and may be done later, after the provision of baseline training first. While staff members may benefit from being educated about AA and Al-Anon (B), it does not address the concern of stereotyping that is occurring.

A social worker meets with a client in a domestic violence shelter. The client tells the social worker that a decision has been made to return home to an abusive partner. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Help the client develop a safety plan B. Refer the client for counseling services C. Encourage the client to remain in the shelter

KEY: **A While the actions described in (B) could be appropriate for the social worker to take later, ensuring the client's safety is the FIRST action to be done (KEY A). Encouraging the client to remain in the shelter (C) does not honor the client's right to self-determination.

A social worker at a substance use treatment center meets with an adolescent client who expresses remorse about engaging in sexual activity while drunk. The social worker tells the client that sexual promiscuity while intoxicated may indicate alcohol use disorder. What BEST describes the social worker's approach? A. Education B. Confrontation C. Summarization D. Clarification

KEY: A

The termination process is MOST often associated with: A. Evaluating goals and accomplishments B. Implementing a plan of action C. Setting limits D. Developing a contract

KEY: A

A social worker meets with a couple to discuss options for assisted living. During the session, one partner begins to cry and expresses fear about dying. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Assess the couple's concerns relative to their stage in the family life cycle B. Refer the couple to a therapist who specializes in gerontology C. Ask the couple's children for their recommendations D. Plan for the couple to move into an assisted living unit

KEY: A Rationale: All options are possible actions that a social worker might take, but this item asks what should happen FIRST. It is premature for the social worker to refer the couple to another therapist (B). Similarly, the social worker would not first contact the couple's children for their recommendations (C). Planning for a move to assisted living (D) does not consider the reactions that are being expressed. By FIRST assessing the concerns relative to the family life cycle stages (KEY A), the social worker will be guided on what action to take next. KSA tested: I. Human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment>IA. Human growth and development>Theories of human development throughout the lifespan

A former client emails a social worker to invite the social worker on a date at a restaurant three months after treatment has been terminated. What is the social worker's BEST response? A. Explain ethical boundaries to the client B. Avoid responding to the client C. Obtain consultation from a supervisor

KEY: A Rationale: Being asked on a date by a former client three months after treatment ends requires some sort of response; ignoring it by not responding (B) could be harmful to the client. A social worker might obtain consultation (C) but should know what the ethical code requires in this situation. Explaining the concept of ethical boundaries to the client (KEY A) is the social worker's BEST response. KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, values, and ethics>IVA. Professional values and ethics>Professional values and principles (e.g., competence, social justice, integrity, and dignity and worth of the person)

What group is privileged communication designed to protect? A. Clients B. The public C. Agencies D. Administrators

KEY: A Rationale: Privileged communication between a social worker and client means that information shared by a client will not be shared with others without the client's express permission, except in cases of risk or potential harm. It is not designed to protect the public (B), agencies (C), or administrators (D). Clients (KEY A) and the information they share are protected by privileged communication. KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, values, and ethics>IVB. Confidentiality>Legal and/or ethical issues regarding confidentiality

A school social worker answers a call from a parent asking for help with a teenager's behavior. The parent tells the social worker the teenager is frequently defiant and aggressive toward a younger sibling and family pets. What is the social worker's MOST appropriate response to the parent's request? A. Suggest new discipline strategies for the parent to use B. Recommend the teenager receive a mental health assessment C. Explain that the teenager's behaviors are normal for this age D. Consult with the psychiatrist for a medication evaluation

KEY: B

A social worker at an inpatient psychiatric facility meets with a 40-year-old patient and the patient's family to discuss discharge planning. The patient has a diagnosis of schizophrenia and a history of assaultive behavior and substance use disorder. The patient's parents want the patient to move into their home. What factor should the social worker evaluate FIRST? A. History of medication compliance B. Potential danger to the family C. Likelihood of exposure to illegal substances D. Opportunities for outpatient treatment

KEY: B

Residents of a neighborhood are concerned about increasing crime rates. The residents ask a social worker for help. To help the residents work together to improve their safety, what process should the social worker use? A. Program development B. Community organizing C. Social reform

KEY: B

A social worker meets with a client who is concerned about frequently leaving tasks unfinished. This behavior has resulted in family conflict and job loss. To further assess this behavior, what should the social worker do NEXT? A. Discuss options that might diminish the behavior B. Explore factors that have contributed to the behavior C. Help the client identify personal strengths for problem-solving D. Evaluate the client's motivation for changing the behavior

KEY: B Rationale: To better understand the client's behavior, the social worker should NEXT explore what has contributed to the behavior (KEY B). Only after the social worker has a clear understanding of these factors can the process move from assessment to goal setting. Discussing options to decrease the behavior (A), helping identify problem-solving strengths (C), and evaluating the client's motivation for change (D) are important steps in setting goals, but a thorough assessment of the behavior must be completed before these actions can occur. KSA tested: I. Human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment>IC. Diversity, social/ economic justice, and oppression>The impact of the environment (e.g., social, physical, cultural, political, economic) on individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities

A hospital social worker meets with a patient to recommend an assisted living placement at discharge. The patient declines the recommendation and asks the social worker not to discuss it with the patient's adult children. The patient has mild cognitive impairment but has not been declared incompetent. What is the BEST action for the social worker to take? A. Report the patient as a vulnerable adult to the jurisdictional authorities B. Discuss community services that could help meet the patient's increasing needs C. Remind the patient about limits of confidentiality when there is risk of harm D. Determine other supportive people the patient would want informed of the needs

KEY: B Rationale: Because the patient is considered legally competent, the patient has the ability to make all decisions, including where to live and whom to confide in. The patient's right to self-determination is best honored by engaging in a discussion about community services that might help the patient stay independent, as desired (KEY B). Because the patient has only mild impairment, filing a report with jurisdictional authorities (A) is not indicated. There is nothing to indicate risk of harm, so reminders about limits of confidentiality (C) are premature. The patient has the right to determine other people to be informed of any needs (D). Doing this for the patient is not action for a social worker to take. KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, Values, and Ethics.>IVB. Confidentiality>Legal and/or ethical issues regarding confidentiality

What is the PRIMARY purpose of contracting between a social worker and a client? A. To ensure that the client will follow the social worker's plan B. To define who will be responsible for which assigned task C. To meet the requirement of agency policies for documentation

KEY: B Rationale: This question requires an understanding of the purpose of contracting with a client. A contract's primary purpose is to provide clarity on tasks to be accomplished and who will be responsible for each task's completion (KEY B). While some agencies may require contracting as part of their documentation policies (C), it is not its PRIMARY purpose. The treatment plan should be considered a joint plan, not a social worker's plan that a client must follow (A). KSA tested: III. Interventions with clients/client systems>IIIA. Intervention processes and techniques for use across symptoms>Client/client system contracting and goal setting techniques

A school social worker meets with a student for the first time. It is believed the student is being abused in a relationship with another student. During the meeting, the student is quiet and reluctant to answer the social worker's questions. How should the social worker respond to the student's silence? A. Confront the student by focusing on the lack of cooperation B. Acknowledge the hesitancy, encouraging the student to talk when ready C. Allow the student's silence while explaining the danger of abusive relationships

KEY: B Rationale: This question requires recognizing how to manage reluctance and silence in an initial interview where a student may be involved in an abusive relationship. By acknowledging the student's hesitancy and encouraging the student to talk when ready (KEY B), the social worker is respecting the student's need for more time. Confronting the student about not cooperating (A) is inappropriate and potentially harmful to establishing a helping relationship. Allowing the silence while explaining the danger of abusive relationships (C)assumes that the abusive relationship is a fact when it has only been suspected. KSA tested: III. Interventions with clients/client systems>IIIB. Intervention processes and techniques>The principles and techniques of interviewing

A social worker meets with an adolescent who is in an emergency department for a dog bite. During the mental status exam, the adolescent discloses abusing the dog and reports hearing internal commands to hurt a teacher. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Assess the adolescent's understanding of cause and effect B. Assess whether the adolescent has a specific plan for harming the teacher C. Determine whether the adolescent has told the teacher about these thoughts D . Determine whether the parents are aware of the adolescent's impulses

KEY: B Rationale: Abusing an animal and hearing internal commands to cause harm to a specific individual are warning signs that require the social worker to assess for the potential of serious harm occurring. The social worker must FIRST assess whether there is a specific plan for harming the teacher (KEY B). After this has been evaluated, it is reasonable to then determine whether the teacher is aware of these thoughts (C) or whether the parents have knowledge of them (D). Assessing the child's understanding of cause and effect (A)may be appropriate but would not be done before assessing for a specific plan. KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, values, and ethics>IVB. Confidentiality>Legal and/or ethical issues regarding confidentiality

A social worker meets with a family experiencing stress because one member recently became unemployed. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Begin family counseling B. Assess the family's needs C. Refer for financial services

KEY: B Though it's possible that the interventions in (A) and (C) would be appropriate, they can't begin until the social worker FIRST determines what the family needs.

A social worker facilitates a treatment group for juveniles who are court mandated to attend. During the first session, a 13-year-old brags to the others about vandalism committed in the neighborhood. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Discuss the client's behavior with the parents B. Confront the client about the behavior C. Encourage the client to talk about possible motivation for the behavior D. Report the client to the court

KEY: C

A previously motivated client seems ambivalent during recent meetings with the social worker. The social worker attempts to discuss the ambivalence, but the client responds with anger and denial. After exploring the client's emotions, what should the social worker do NEXT? A. Refer the client to an anger management group B. Refer the client to a different social worker C. Review the client's goals to determine any needed changes D . Recommend termination to the client

KEY: C Rationale: Because the client has been motivated in the past and is now reacting when the ambivalence is pointed out, it is important to explore the resulting emotional reactions. After that occurs, the NEXT course of action is to review the client's goals to determine whether any changes are needed (KEY C). Referring the client to an anger management group (A), referring to another social worker (B), or recommending termination (D)may be actions that will need to occur at to some point, but not until goals have been reviewed with the client. KSA tested: II. Assessment and intervention planning>IIC. Intervention planning>The indicators of motivation, resistance, and readiness to change

A social worker who provides family therapy realizes that one of the children in a family receiving services reminds him of his own child who died. The social worker notices that he aligns with the child in the family sessions. What should the social worker do NEXT? A. Attempt to dissociate the feelings during sessions B. Refer the family to another social worker C. Obtain supervision

KEY: C Rationale: Being self-aware of one's reactions to clients is an ongoing task of social workers providing therapeutic services and relates to the social work ethical principle of competence. The social worker shows insight in recognizing his reaction to the child who reminds him of his own deceased child. Trying to dissociate from the feelings (A) does not address them and may be harmful to the social worker in the long term. It is premature to refer the family to another social worker (B). After noticing that he is aligning with the child, the social worker would NEXT obtain supervision (KEY C) to discuss the situation and develop a plan. KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, values, and ethics>IVA. Professional values and ethics>Professional values and principles (e.g., competence, social justice, integrity, and dignity and worth of the person)

When may a social worker disclose client information without client consent? A. The client's family has requested the information. B. The insurance company needs documentation. C. A legally binding request has been received.

KEY: C Rationale: This item requires knowledge of the ethical responsibilities surrounding privacy and confidentiality. It is unethical to share client information with family members without the client's consent (A)or when communicating with the client's insurance company (B). Information may be disclosed without first obtaining the client's consent when the social worker receives a legally binding request, such as a subpoena (KEY C).60 ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORK BOARDS EXAMINATION GUIDEBOOK KSA tested: IV. Professional relationships, Values, and Ethics.>IVB. Confidentiality>Legal and/or ethical issues regarding confidentiality

A social worker meets with a patient who has been in a psychiatric hospital for three weeks. The patient's diagnoses include depression and substance use disorder. The patient is prescribed psychotropic medication and an anticonvulsant for a seizure disorder. For several days the patient has experienced drowsiness, stumbling, and slurring of speech. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Consult with a behavior therapist for a behavior management plan B. Review the patient's discharge plan C. Evaluate the patient for hidden substance use D. Consult with the psychiatrist for a medication evaluation

KEY: D

A social worker at a health clinic receives a referral for a family with an infant who has been diagnosed with nonorganic failure to thrive. When assessing the family, what should the social worker consider FIRST? A. Quality of prenatal services received B. Family history of the condition C. Substance use by the parents D . Possibility of child neglect

KEY: D Rationale: Nonorganic failure to thrive is a condition in infants and young children where there is no known medical reason for not growing. It is commonly caused by psychosocial problems such as child neglect or poverty. Thus, during an assessment, a social worker should evaluate the possibility of child neglect (KEY D). Prenatal services (A) and family history (B) are not typically factors in this condition. Parental substance use (C) may be a factor in child neglect but is not directly linked to nonorganic failure to thrive. KSA tested: I. Human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment>IB. Concepts of abuse and neglect>Indicators and dynamics of abuse and neglect throughout the lifespan

A social worker facilitates a treatment group for clients with dual diagnoses of major depressive disorder and substance use disorder. The social worker wants to use role play to help clients recognize triggers for depressive symptoms. What action by the social worker is MOST likely to engage participants in role play? A. Meet with significant others to obtain informed consent before using role play B. Ask reluctant group members to not attend group when role play is used C. Plan extra time in the schedule to explain role play to group members D. Determine each member's capacity to participate in role play

KEY: D Rationale: This question requires knowledge of dual diagnoses, group techniques, and ways to engage clients. Each client in the treatment program will react individually; some may not be able to engage in a technique that requires cognitively imagining themselves and acting as another person in front of an audience of other group members. The MOST likely way to engage participants in the technique is to determine each member's capacity to participate in role play (KEY D). Nothing in the stem suggests that group members cannot provide their own informed consent if it was necessary, so meeting with significant others to obtain consent (A) is not appropriate. It would not be beneficial from a group perspective to ask some members to not attend group when the technique is being used (B). These group members will not be engaged if asked to not attend group. While planning extra time in the schedule to explain the technique (C)may be necessary, it is not the most likely way to engage group members. KSA tested: III. Interventions with clients/client systems>IIIA. Intervention processes and techniques for use across systems>Group work techniques and approaches (e.g., developing and managing group processes and cohesion)

A social worker is providing case management for clients in an affordable housing complex. The social worker observes pervasive hopelessness that prevents many clients from following through on workforce referrals. What is the BEST action for the social worker to take to empower these clients? A. Implement incentive programs for following through on referrals B. Counsel the clients on the benefits of employment C. Discuss how barriers affect the clients in achieving their goals

KEY:B Rationale: Pervasive feelings of hopelessness can be a major barrier to goal attainment. Educating clients about the impact of barriers on reaching goals (KEY C) is the BEST way for a social worker to empower clients to change. Offering incentive programs (A) would not empower the clients to improve their situation. There is nothing to suggest that clients do not value the benefits of being employed; counseling them about this (B) may not be a barrier that needs to be addressed. KSA tested: I. Human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment>IC. Diversity, social/ economic justice, and oppression>The impact of the environment (e.g., social, physical, cultural, political, economic) on individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities

During an initial session with a social worker, an adult who was sexually abused as a child is fearful and hesitant to respond to a request for specific information about the abuse. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Change the subject to one more comfortable for the client B. Confront the client about these fears C. Acknowledge the client's reluctance to discuss these experiences

KEY:C Rationale: This question requires recognizing how to manage fear and hesitancy in response to a specific request for sensitive information such as sexual abuse. By FIRST acknowledging the client's hesitancy to discuss these experiences (KEY C), the social worker is respecting the client's difficulty in sharing this information and validating the reaction. Changing the subject to a more comfortable one (A) does not address the client's emotional reaction. Confronting the client about the fears (B) is inappropriate and potentially harmful to establishing a helping relationship. Asking the client about ending the session (D) may be action taken after acknowledging the client's reluctance but would not happen FIRST. KSA tested: I. Human development, diversity, and behavior in the environment>IB. Concepts of abuse and neglect>Indicators and dynamics of abuse and neglect throughout the lifespan

Alcohol is a: A. Hallucinogen B. Stimulant C. Depressant D. Hypnotic

Key: C Alcohol is a depressant, which means it slows the function of the central nervous system. Alcohol actually blocks some of the messages trying to get to the brain. This alters a person's perceptions, emotions, movement, vision, and hearing.

What drug is classified as a depressant? A. Cocaine B. Caffeine C. LSD D. Alcohol

Key: D Alcohol is a depressant,

3. A social worker in a community agency has been treating a client for three months and has started to feel a strong sexual attraction toward the client. What SHOULD the social worker do? A. Consult with an agency supervisor B. Tell the client how she feels C. Transfer the client to another agency worker D. Work toward ending the client's services at the agency

Rationale: Consulting with a supervisor (A) is the BEST response because it assists in helping to understand and address the situation. Options B and D are clearly unethical. Transferring the client (C) may be done later but it is unclear if this action is required at this point and there is not enough information in the stem to conclude this. ***A social worker's positive feelings about his or her clients is a good thing, but it is possible that at times he or she will experience a special fondness or attraction for a client that can create biases that get in the way of a constructive working relationship.

1. A social worker in a community clinic is completing an intake assessment with a 30-year-old who recently was laid off from his job and is currently dealing with the death of his father. During the visit, the client reports that he has increased his marijuana usage tremendously over the past few weeks. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Explore possible job opportunities and resource availability B. Complete a suicide risk assessment C. Refer the client for grief counseling D. Assess the extent of the client's substance abuse

Rationale: FIRST, the social worker would act to determine the client's safety. The only option that addresses the client's safety is (B). Options A, C, and D may be appropriate later, once the safety of the client has been addressed.

2. Which ethical standard for social workers BEST represents the ability to separate personal feelings from work situations and relationships? A. Professional discretion B. Responsibility to the profession C. Professional boundaries D. Responsibility to colleagues

Rationale: This requires knowledge of the definition of professional boundaries (C). Since the question asks for the BEST response, the secondary responsibilities in the other options are not correct. **Professional boundaries are a set of guidelines, expectations and rules which set the ethical and technical standards in the social care environment. They set limits for safe, acceptable and effective behaviour by workers

A school social worker receives a student referral from a teacher for an 11-year-old boy who is getting into fights almost daily at school with younger children. The boy reports that his stepdad gets high and drunk and beats him. The student's behavior is BEST described as: A. Identification with the abuser B. Low self-esteem C. Hostility toward peers D. Conduct disorder

Required knowledge of basic recall of cycle of abuse concepts and dynamics. The student may have low self-esteem (B) or act hostile towards peers (C) but it is because of his identification with the abuser (A). Conduct disorder (D) does not apply to this scenario. ******A common use of this term refers to the ways in which, often unconsciously, people in general and trauma survivors in particular might "identify" with their aggressors through mimicry. For example, a child victim of verbal abuse who becomes verbally abusive towards others, might be imitating the behaviors he was subjected to, as an attempt to experience a sense of safety (other defense mechanisms, such as displacement, might also be at play). Identification with the Aggressor is, in this way, understood as a form of imitation of behaviors or ways of being.

A social work administrator is responsible for record keeping at a large agency. Which approach is MOST appropriate for maintaining client records? A. Maintain all records for seven years following termination B. Keep records indefinitely to assure their availability C. Seek permission from clients for destruction of their records D. Store records for the number of years required by law

Social workers are required to follow the laws of the jurisdictions in which they practice. Such statutes vary in their requirements. Hence, the only option that is correct is to maintain files for the length of time required by law (D). Options A, B, and C might not apply in all locations.

A social worker has been working with a client for one year. The client suddenly dies, and the social worker is very distraught by the death. During supervision, the supervisor encourages expression and ventilation of feelings. The supervisor is providing: A. Education B. Consultation C. Therapy D. Support

The correct answer is (D) because ventilation is one of the techniques used in providing support.

A female client comes to see a social worker to discuss her relationship issues. According to the psychosocial perspective, the social worker should: (A) have her tell you about the issues affecting her life (B) begin training behavioral techniques (C) provide a referral to a psychologist for testing (D) refer to a marriage and family therapist

The correct answer is A Always take time to listen and explore your clients' needs and feelings. Exploration and learing are vital parts of the beginning of therapy. Clients often need to feel heard and understood. Often, you may be the only person in their life who will listen and hear their feelings, thoughts, ideas, etc.

You have begun working with a family in which there is a verified history of incestuous relationships. Of the following characteristics, which one is MOST often found in families in which incestuous relationships have occurred? A) Enmeshment of family members B) Relaxed attitude toward sexuality C) Symbiotic mother-child relationships D) Distorted communication patterns

The correct answer is A. Enmeshment is the inappropriate closeness of family members against a backdrop, of course, of developmental appropriateness. As defined by Minuchin (1974), "family structure is the invisible set of functional demands that organizes the ways in which family members interact. A family is a system that operates through transactional patterns. Repeated transactions establish patterns of how, when, and with whom to relate, and these patterns underpin the system."

You have been hired, by a private, non-profit agency, which works with the HIV/AIDS population. The primary function of your unit is to educate sexually active individuals about the disease and to help them understand the importance of testing, life-style changes and treatment if necessary. What is the BEST way to describe your agency's type of prevention? A) crisis intervention B) tertiary prevention C) secondary prevention D) primary prevention

The correct answer is C Secondary prevention, also called "screening," refers to measures that detect disease before it is symptomatic. The goal of secondary prevention is to identify and detect disease in its earliest stages, before noticeable symptoms develop, when it is most likely to be treated successfully. With early detection and diagnosis, it may be possible to cure a disease, slow its progression, prevent or minimize complications, and limit disability

As a new clinical social worker you find yourself being told by your supervisor you need to be more confrontational. This seems at odds with the social work mission, until you supervisor explains the primary purpose of confrontation is to: A) demonstrate accurate understanding B) help a client change her view of a problem C) make a client aware of inconsistencies D) help the client identify alternatives to her present behavior

The correct answer is C Client's often have inconsistent views and values concerning a specific problem. This is a HUMAN problem we all fight with. Conflicts between what a client 'thinks' should be the solution and what the actual solution will be is the bread and butter of therapy. Just because we know we should do something does not mean we will act in the appropriate manner. (Think about cigarette smoking as an example)

Terri showed up for his appointment very upset and anxious. She stated she is frightened because she has begun hearing the voices again. The voices that tell her she should kill herself. She has been hearing these voices for approximately 5 years and has two prior suicide attempts over this time. She states that the voices have become stronger over the past week. She says she had received a call from her mother that a friend from high school had completed a suicide attempt. Your FIRST intervention should be... A) complete a depression screen B) discuss the need for immediate inpatient hospitalization C) Begin a complete suicide risk assessment. D) ask Terri about her current medication compliance

The correct answer is C. In the realm of suicide risk, the loss of a friend or family member is a serious risk indicator. The shorter the time between the known suicide and the present, generally the greater the risk. This one fact along with her continual cycle of hearing voices is enough to put you on HIGH ALERT.

Client feedback that indicates a social worker's interpretation is on target is BEST displayed when the client: A. Argues with the social worker B. Changes the subject C. Expresses anger at the social worker D. Discusses related material

The effectiveness of a response can be assessed through client reaction. Continuing to stay on target in the discussion (D) indicates a good progression.

A school social worker meets with a teenager who is increasingly frustrated and disengaged in school. The student appears to be bright, but unmotivated, and does not submit completed homework assignments. Meetings with the student have not resulted in changes in the teen's behaviors. What should the social worker do NEXT? A. Consider an alternative educational program for the student B. Arrange for individual tutoring sessions for the teen C. Refer the teen for evaluation by an educational psychologist D. Create a behavioral self-monitoring plan with the student

The fact that the student is noted as bright, but unmotivated, may indicate a learning problem. Of the choices listed, (C), is the correct answer because the social worker has not been successful in helping the teen, and the problem may be more than behavioral (D).

A social worker is completing an intake interview with a client who is having trouble sleeping. The client reports drinking a lot of alcohol to help him fall asleep every night. The client states that he is recently lost his job and is worried that he may soon lose his apartment. What should the social worker do FIRST? A. Refer the client for evaluation for sleep medication B. Provide the client with public assistance resources C. Assess the client's alcohol usage D. Acknowledge the client's feelings about his financial stressors

While options A, B, and D may all be appropriate actions for the social worker to take, none would be the first. As part of the assessment process, the social worker needs to FIRST further explore the issue of alcohol use (C). Acknowledging his feelings about his financial issues is not as important as the safety concern (alcohol abuse) presented.

A client who expresses no overt anger accuses her social worker of being angry, hostile, suspicious and cold. The process being used is most likely (a) projective identification (b) paranoia (c) reaction formation (d) isolation of affect

a

A client who has received services for several years in a dialysis unit appears for a routine visit. The nurse notices a markedly changed affect and refers the client to the social worker. When seeing the social worker, the client seems detached, self-absorbed, and tearful. The social worker should FIRST assess the client's: (A) life situation and recent changes (B) compliance with medical care (C) concerns about dying (D) feelings about dialysis

a

A hospital social worker interviews a couple whose six month old infant has recently been hospitalized for cystic fibrosis. The social worker notices that the parents are reluctant to touch the child. Based on this information, the social worker's FIRST intervention should be to: (A) explore the parent's reaction to the child illness (B) refer the couple to a support group (C evaluate the situation for out-of-home placement (D) provide the couple with information

a

A social worker has been asked to assist an elderly client in making alternative living arrangements. In the initial interview, the client repeatedly attempts to discuss past experiences. What is the social worker's MOST appropriate response to the client? (A) ignore the references to the past (B) facilitate discussion of the recollections (C) refer the client for psychiatric evaluation (D) administer a geriatric evaluation scale

b

In an initial session with a social worker, a client mentions having been hospitalized several times for depression. When the social worker attempts to explore the hospitalizations, the client becomes tense and guarded, saying "it's old history". The client refuses to give permission for the records to be released. The social worker should FIRST: (A) explore why this topic appears to be upsetting the client (B) acknowledge the client's right to decide about release of records (C) reassure the client that the focus will be on present issues (D) assess the client's current level of depression

b

11. The developmental tasks of self evaluation and skill learning are associated with what life stage? (a) toddlerhood 2-4 yrs (b) early childhood 4-6 yrs Brooks 2006 3 (c) middle school 6-12 yrs (d) early adolescence 12-18 yrs

c

13. The 2 most common defenses used by couples with marital problems are (a) repression and denial (b) repression and suppression (c) projection and displacement (d) projection and splitting

c

A 28 Yr old client with a long standing history of drug use is referred to a social worker by a concerned relative. In the assessment interview, the client tells the social worker about frequent cocaine use. The social worker should FIRST: (A) conduct a family interview to evaluate the family's concern (B) begin treatment, focusing on the reason for drug abuse (C) refer the client to a substance abuse program (D) evaluate the client's motivation for change

c

A couple expressing extreme anger at each other come to a social worker for marital counseling. The social worker should FIRST: (A) explore the goals the anger is masking (B) clarify whether each partner is willing to hear the other (C) acknowledge the anger each partner has toward the other (D) use the interview to probe for positive feelings each has for the other.

c

A family comes to an agency complaining of their child's behavior problems. As a result of the assessment phase, the social worker believes that the marital relationship is the primary problem. The social worker should focus on: (E) the parents, confronting them with their relationship issues (F) the child and the ways the parents should react to the behavior (G) a discussion of the social worker's perception of the marital relationship (H) developing the child's insight into behavior as a reaction to marital stress

c

Parents of a 4 yr old are referred to a social worker after a physical exam reveals no physical problem preventing the child from being toilet trained. The parents reveal that the child has not been able to separate from them to attend nursery school and he sleeps with them most nights. The most important area to focus on in the assessment phase is the: (a) parents use of rewards and punishments with the child (b) early developmental and family history of each parent (c) parents understanding of the child's developmental processes (d) ways in which the child interferes with the parents own relationship

c

During Mrs. S's first appointment in a family agency, the social worker encourages her to express her feelings about the recent placement of her child in a residential facility for the developmentally disabled. Mrs. S talks at length instead about her physical health problems. The social worker should: (A) use Mrs. S's remarks about her health to identify unresolved parenting issues (B) refocus the interview on the child's behavior and the reason for the residential placement (C) explore with Mrs. S how her health problems are related to the recent placement of her child (D) listen to Mrs. S's description of her health as a beginning of a relationship and means of assessing her self-perception

d

In the first session with a school social worker a high school student reveals he has been cutting school and forging his mother's name on absence excuses. The social worker should: (A) inform the student that the social worker has a responsibility to inform his mother (B) avoid negatively reinforcing the attention-seeking behavior (C) suggest that it would be best for him to inform school authorities and accept responsibility for his behavior (D) explore the reasons for the absences and factors contributing to the behavior

d

When faced by a hostile client in an agency setting, it is BEST for the social worker to: (A) suggest that the client's attitude is making the situation worse (B) accept the client's hostility and talk about nonthreatening topics (C) set limits and structure on the interview session (D) acknowledge the client's feelings and encourage discussion of them

d