chapter 9 PTA 222
muscle strength
a broad term that refers to the extent that the contractile elements of muscle produce force
pg. 304-317
aerobic techniques
Special Equipment for Aquatic Exercise
collars, rings, belts, and vests; swim bars, gloves, hand paddles, and hydro-tone bells; fins and hydro-tone boots; kickboards
Hydromechanics
comprise the physical properties and characteristics of fluid in motion
precaution of aquatic exercise
fear of water, neurological disorders, respiratory disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and small open wounds and lines
endurance
is a broad term that refers to the ability to perform repetitive or sustained activities over a prolonged period of time
resistance exercise
is an activity in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically
viscosity
is friction occurring between molecules of liquid resulting in resistance to flow
muscle power
is related to the strength and speed of movement and is defined as the work produced by a muscle per unit of time.
muscle endurance
is the ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly against an external load, generate and sustain tension, resist fatigue over an extended period of time.
hydrostatic pressure
is the pressure exerted by water on immersed objects
endurance training
is the systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower, or control a light external load for many repetitions over an extended period of time
strength training
is the systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower, or control heavy external for a relatively low number of repetitions or over a short period of time
buoyancy
is the upward force that works opposite to gravity
aquatic exercise
refers to the use of water that facilitates the application of established therapeutic interventions, including stretching, strengthening, joint mobilization, balance and gait training, and endurance training
contraindication of aquatic exercise
severe kidney disease, danger of bleeding or hemorrhage, incipient cardiac failure and unstable angina
specific heat
the amount of heat (calories) required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree C
muscle performance
the capacity of a muscle to do work (force x distance)
surface tension
the surface of a fluid acts as a membrane under tension. It is measured as force per unit length
temperature transfer
water conducts temperature 25 times faster than air. a patient moving through the water loses body temperature faster than an immersed patient at rest
thermodynamics
water temperature has an effect on the body and therefore on performance in an aquatic environment