chapter 9

In a company town, the stores, entertainment venues, and housing were all owned by the same company, which also employed everyone in a local factory or mine. Which individual below established a company town for his company? - John D. Rockefeller - Henry Ford - Bill Gates - Steve Jobs - Andrew Carnegie

Henry Ford

Which country provide the highest percentage of employers offering telework options?

USA

Ethical employers base the decision to allow flextime on _____.

a clear and well-written policy that relies on objective job-related criteria

A successful telecommuting program would include which of the following? - subjective criteria for each individual worker - preference for some people to telecommute over others - a written policy that spells out expectations - minimal monitoring procedures

a written policy that spells out expectations

_____ do exist. Ethical systems, whether utilitarian, rights based, or based on natural law and virtue ethics, are attempts to translate _____ like abstaining from cheating customers, defrauding clients, lying, and murder into workable solutions for people. From these systems has emerged a basic set of ethical norms for the business world.

absolute values

Airbnb, RelayRides, and Uber are examples of what type of business model?irbnb, RelayRides, and Uber are examples of what type of business model?

access economy

The _____ is essentially a resource circulation system in which consumers participate on both sides of a transaction, as both providers and obtainers of resources (the transaction is usually facilitated by a third party acting as a go-between).

access economy

Which occupation below will be most heavily affected by the emerging technology of automation? - accountant - teachers - nurses - most physicians - bartenders

accountants

What is the main value of companies designing and constructing "open space" work environments?

allows for collaboration and brainstorming

The branch of science that uses computer algorithms to replicate human intelligent behavior by machines with minimal human intervention is called _____.

artificial intelligence

Workers in the new flexible workplace spend less than 50 percent of their time _____.

at a desk

if normative business ethics is to recognize and, ultimately, be based on the individual, it must address another human trait: _____.

bias

The term _____ emerged in the 1970s to describe the practice of working at a specific location, whether the employee's home or an alternate office, to reduce commuting time to a centrally located office space or store.

telecommuting

What is the biggest drawback of telecommuting for the individual employee, according to Chapter 10?

the bias in employer attitudes; employees who opt for nontraditional work arrangements may be perceived as lazy or less dedicated

How is the Affordable Care Act (ACA) funded?

combination of payments by enrollees and supplemental federal monies earmarked for this task

Which item below is one of the issues companies should consider when expanding the use of automation and artificial intelligence?

company's core values

At the individual level, when corruption takes place, it is a matter of _____.

conscience

What is the irony of insurance coverage?

consumers buy it hoping to never use it

A report by KPMG, a global consulting and accounting firm, indicates that almost 50 percent of the activities people perform in the workplace today _____.

could be automated

Which of these steps is typically the first one taken when companies decide to conduct "ethics training"?

create a code of ethics

The practice of offering flexible hours, or _____, lets employees choose their own start and finish time each day, arriving and leaving earlier or later than the normal 9-to-5 workday.

flextime

The _____ is an environment in which individuals and businesses contract with independent workers for short-term assignments, engagements, or projects, offering few or no benefits beyond compensation

gig economy

What is the main ethical question raised by job sharing?

hiring part-time workers may be done to improve profitability at the employees' expense

One model of ethical behavior, sometimes called the _____, may provide the answer for businesses that wish to achieve the dual goal of human flourishing and responsible profits. In this model, organizations focus on employees as a vital part of the operation and support them in their professional training, health care, education, family responsibilities, and even spiritual concerns. a. corporate social responsibility model

humanistic business model

Twenty-five percent of U.S. employee in multiple industries were recently surveyed and reported feeling _____ as they juggled work and home responsibilities.

super stressed

Middle managers and employees often complain their ethics training consists of passing a computerized sexual harassment or fraud program once a year but that nothing is done to address issues in a substantive way or to change the culture of the organization, even those that have experienced problems.31 The focus still seems to be on organizational responsibility and compliance as opposed to _____ and the formation of ethical conscience.

individual responsibility

Which item below is not a drawback of telecommuting? - individuals with ability challenges prefer the flexibility - corporate culture is not easy to convey over distance - it is more difficult for employers to monitor some kinds of work-related progress - it is difficult for an on-site technology team to provide technical assistance or secure data - some jobs require consistent in-person contact with clients or customers

individuals with ability challenges prefer the flexibility

Which item below is not one of the reasons that employers allow employees to telecommute? - it is easier for employers to monitor some kinds of work-related progress when an employee is working remotely - it is a powerful recruiting tool for people who want to balance their work and personal lives. - it allows employees to work a more flexible schedule to care for children or older relatives while maintaining a career and earning income. - it reduces the hours that employees spend traveling to and from the job and can help keep cars off the road. - workers are not exposed to sick coworkers' germs and may take fewer sick days

it is easier for employers to monitor some kinds of work-related progress when an employee is working remotely.

What is the term when two or more employees perform the work of a full-time position, each taking part of the total workload for the job?

job sharing

General Assembly, WeWork, and Workbar are three companies that perform what service?

leasing access to communal spaces equipped for the business needs of remote workers

Typically in the United States, medical services have been dispensed through a _____, in which the patient and others, such as an employer and a private health insurance company, all contribute to pay for the patient's care.

multipayer health care system

The National Flood Insurance Program and the California Earthquake Authority are rare examples of _____.

public agencies managing insurance coverage that private insurers have declined to provide because the potential for profits is too low.

What is the name of the practice of assigning or denying insurance coverage for certain policies, such as auto, homeowners, or business insurance, on the basis of the geographic neighborhoods where applicants for such coverage live, particularly inner-city neighborhoods? A variation on the practice is to charge considerably higher prices for the same coverage in different neighborhoods

redlining

One issue facing the access economy is _____.

regulation

According to Chapter 10, what is a possible ethical issue for a company to consider as AI programs become better able to interact with humans?

should a company be required to inform its customers if and when they are dealing with any form of AI and not a person?

What is the possible problem of a company providing employee benefits such as convenient and affordable housing, free food, medical, hair care, and others readily available on or near the workplace?

they may create an expectation that employees be accessible for long hours of work on a regular basis

Business ethics exists on three levels. Which item below is not one of the levels? - universal - societal - individual - organizational - none

universal

To try to reduce the costs to themselves of employee health care insurance coverage, some companies have instituted _____ to try to ensure that their workforces are as healthy as possible. Some popular offerings are measures to help smokers quit, workout rooms on work premises or subsidized gym memberships, and revamped vending and cafeteria offerings that provide a range of healthier choices

wellness programs