CHAPTER 9 TEST

1) An immovable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) syndesmosis. E) symphysis.

A

13) Dislocations are quite painful due to stimulation of pain receptors. One place these receptors are absent is A) inside the joint cavity. B) within the joint capsule. C) within the ligaments around the joint. D) within the tendons around the joint. E) both C and D

A

17) Which of the following movements is a good example of depression? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

A

20) In a triaxial articulation A) movement can occur in all three axes. B) movement can occur in only two axes. C) movement can occur in only one axis. D) only circumduction is possible. E) no movement is possible.

A

21) The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) saddle B) gliding C) ellipsoid D) hinge E) pivot

A

28) The elbow joint is extremely stable because A) the ulna and humerus interlock. B) the articular capsule is thin. C) the capsule lacks ligaments. D) several muscles support the joint capsule. E) the joint lacks bursae.

A

38) The structures that assist the bursae in reducing friction between the patella and other tissues are the A) fat pads. B) medial menisci. C) lateral menisci. D) popliteal ligaments. E) cruciate ligaments.

A

4) A suture is an example of a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) syndesmosis. C) symphysis. D) diarthrosis. E) amphiarthrosis.

A

42) The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the femur and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the ________ ligaments. A) cruciate B) fibular collateral C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

A

47) The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are A) ellipsoid joints. B) saddle joints. C) pivot joints. D) hinge joints. E) condyloid joints.

A

64) The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the A) humero-ulnar joint. B) ulnar joint. C) ulnaradial joint. D) radial joint. E) humeroradial joint.

A

66) Degenerative changes in a joint can be the result of all of the following, except A) bursitis. B) bacterial infection. C) mechanical stress. D) immobilization of the joint. E) inflammation.

A

68) Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food? A) elevation B) abduction C) flexion D) pronation E) circumduction

A

71) Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in A) flexion of the forearm. B) extension of the forearm. C) abduction of the forearm. D) adduction of the forearm. E) rotation of the shoulder.

A

72) The joints that are subjected to the greatest load are found in the A) ankles. B) knees. C) hands. D) spine. E) hips.

A

73) Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to A) fibrous cartilage. B) dense regular connective tissue. C) periodontal ligament. D) rigid cartilaginous bridge. E) completely fused.

A

75) Which of these is not a property of articular cartilage? A) covered by perichondrium B) lubricated by synovial fluid C) enclosed by a capsule D) similar to hyaline cartilage E) smooth, low-friction surface

A

8) A ligamentous connection such as an interosseus ligament is termed a A) syndesmosis. B) symphysis. C) synchondrosis. D) synostosis. E) gomphosis.

A

14) A movement away from the midline of the body is termed A) inversion. B) abduction. C) adduction. D) flexion. E) extension.

B

15) To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called A) rotation. B) opposition. C) circumduction. D) eversion. E) retraction.

B

23) Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones? A) saddle B) gliding C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) pivot

B

25) The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint. A) hip B) shoulder C) elbow D) knee E) wrist

B

3) A freely movable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) syndesmosis. E) symphysis.

B

37) In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci A) are cartilages that bind the knee to the tibia. B) act as cushions and conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces. C) take the place of bursae. D) are found between the patella and femur. E) both A and D

B

50) The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a A) suture. B) gomphosis. C) synchondrosis. D) synotosis. E) none of the above

B

53) Curling into the fetal position ________ the intervertebral joints. A) hyperextends B) flexes C) abducts D) extends E) rotates

B

57) Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes? A) dorsiflexion B) plantar flexion C) inversion D) rotation E) eversion

B

60) Which of the following movements is a good example of supination? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

B

9) Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid? A) shock absorption B) increases osmotic pressure within joint C) lubrication D) provides nutrients E) protects articular cartilages

B

18) The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the A) hand. B) arm. C) foot. D) leg. E) hip.

C

2) A slightly movable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) gomphosis. E) synostosis.

C

26) Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

C

32) Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints? A) freely movable B) lined by a secretory epithelium C) covered by a serous membrane D) contain synovial fluid E) covered by a capsule

C

39) The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the ________ ligament. A) anterior cruciate B) posterior cruciate C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

C

43) The ankle joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) ellipsoid B) saddle C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) gliding

C

48) Complete dislocation of the knee is a rare because A) the knee is protected by the patella. B) the femur articulates with the tibia at the knee. C) the knee contains seven major ligaments. D) the knee contains fat pads to absorb shocks. E) the knee is extremely resilient.

C

5) An epiphyseal line is an example of a A) gomphosis. B) synchondrosis. C) synostosis. D) symphysis. E) syndesmosis.

C

56) A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as A) inversion. B) plantar flexion. C) eversion. D) dorsiflexion. E) none of the above

C

58) All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints, except A) hinge. B) gliding. C) rolling. D) saddle. E) pivot.

C

61) All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints, except A) flexion. B) rotation. C) dorsiflexion. D) lateral flexion. E) extension.

C

67) Nodding your head yes is an example of A) lateral and medial rotation. B) circumduction. C) flexion and extension. D) pronation and supination. E) protraction and retraction.

C

7) A synovial joint is an example of a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) amphiarthrosis. C) diarthrosis. D) symphysis. E) syndesmosis.

C

70) Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the A) coronoid process. B) radial tuberosity. C) olecranon process. D) medial epicondyle. E) lateral epicondyle.

C

12) Bursae are found in all of the following areas, except A) tendon sheaths. B) beneath the skin covering a bone. C) within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure. D) around blood vessels. E) around many synovial joints.

D

19) The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) saddle B) gliding C) ellipsoid D) hinge E) pivot

D

30) The intercarpal articulations are ________ joints. A) saddle B) ellipsoid C) hinge D) gliding E) ball-and-socket

D

33) A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by A) loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity. B) slippage of the fibrocartilage disc. C) ossification of the vertebral disc. D) protrusion of the nucleus pulposus. E) transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage.

D

45) All of the following statements are true, except one. Identify the exception. A) The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder joint. B) The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint. C) The tighter two bones are held together within a joint, the stronger the joint. D) The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint. E) The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.

D

55) Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

D

10) Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage? A) There is no perichondrium. B) The matrix contains more water than other cartilages. C) Surfaces are normally slick and smooth. D) It is composed of hyaline cartilage. E) It secretes synovial fluid.

E

11) Which of these is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints? A) suture B) gomphosis C) synchondrosis D) synostosis E) all of the above

E

16) A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, termed A) eversion. B) protraction. C) dorsiflexion. D) plantar flexion. E) inversion.

E

22) Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints. A) saddle B) gliding C) ball-and-socket D) ellipsoid E) hinge

E

24) Which of the following types of joints is monoaxial, but capable of only rotation? A) saddle B) gliding C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) pivot

E

27) Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion? A) coracohumeral B) coracoacromial C) coracoclavicular D) glenohumeral E) acromioclavicular

E

29) The radiocarpal joint is a(n) ________ joint. A) saddle B) immovable C) hinge D) gliding E) ellipsoid

E

31) The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints. A) saddle B) pivot C) ellipsoid D) hinge E) gliding

E

34) Factors that increase the stability of the hip joint include A) strong muscular padding. B) tough capsule. C) almost complete bony socket. D) supporting ligaments. E) all of the above

E

35) The normal movement of the hip joint during walking involves A) abduction. B) adduction. C) flexion. D) extension. E) both C and D

E

36) Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the hip joint? A) iliofemoral ligament B) pubofemoral ligament C) ischiofemoral ligament D) ligamentum teres E) anterior cruciate ligament

E

40) The back of the knee joint is reinforced by ________ ligaments. A) tibial collateral B) anterior cruciate C) posterior cruciate D) patellar E) popliteal

E

41) The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the ________ ligament. A) cruciate B) fibular collateral C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

E

44) The rotator cuff of the shoulder functions to A) reinforce the joint capsule. B) limit the range of movements. C) allow biaxial movement. D) all of the above E) both A and B

E

46) Joints can be classified structurally as A) bony. B) fibrous. C) cartilaginous. D) synovial. E) all of the above

E

49) Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

E

51) The surface of articular cartilage is A) slick. b) flat. C) smooth. D) rough. E) both A and C

E

52) Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged? A) The matrix begins to break down. B) The exposed surface changes to a rough feltwork. C) Friction in the joint increases. D) Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue. E) all of the above

E

54) An extension past the anatomical position is known as A) double jointed. B) extension. C) flexion. D) rotation. E) hyperextension.

E

59) Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? A) elbow B) knee C) ankle D) wrist E) shoulder

E

6) Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n) A) amphiarthrosis. B) syndesmosis. C) synostosis. D) synchondrosis. E) gomphosis.

E

62) Which of the following ligaments assist in stabilization of the shoulder joint? A) coracoacromial B) subscapularis C) coracoclavicular D) all of the above E) both A and C

E

63) Which of the following athletes are at greatest risk of developing a rotator cuff injury? A) tennis players B) white-water kayakers C) runners D) baseball pitchers E) both B and D

E

65) Which of these is not considered to be an accessory synovial structure? A) fat pads B) menisci C) tendons D) bursae E) synovial membrane

E

69) Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is A) circumduction. B) eversion. C) inversion. D) plantar flexion. E) dorsiflexion.

E

74) The most common athletic knee injury produces damage to the A) patella. B) lateral meniscus. C) ligaments. D) tendons. E) medial meniscus.

E