Chapter Five Homework

Which of the following is not a process theory of motivation?

acquired needs

Manuel wanted friendly and close interpersonal relationships with his colleagues. According to McClelland's need theory, this desire is known as a need for

affiliation.

Victor seems to want to control others and often manipulates people for his own gratification. He exhibits the need for

personal power.

The three key elements of equity theory are outputs, inputs, and a(n)

comparison of the ratio of outputs to inputs.

The need for prestige and reputation is part of the need for

esteem.

Ken recently completed his MBA degree. He has received two job offers. Which of the following theories is most useful in predicting the choice that Ken will make?

expectancy theory

Inez was content with her job at Pieces Packaging until the company added two levels of supervision, lowered bonuses, and decreased breaks. Her current dissatisfaction reflects ______ factors.

hygiene

Ted was dissatisfied with his job. He said that the company policy, supervision, and working conditions were responsible for his dissatisfaction. According to Frederick Herzberg's theory, ________ are the extrinsic factors that create job dissatisfaction.

hygiene factors

The goal of the job characteristics model is to

increase intrinsic motivation in jobs.

Randall wants to put more variety into his assistant's job by combining specialized tasks of about the same level of difficulty. This is

job enlargement.

Bettina will experience _______ if her outcome to input ratio is greater than that of a relevant comparison person.

positive inequity

A(n) ______ theory attempts to describe how various person and environmental factors affect motivation.

process

Which of the following is not an example of a hygiene factor?

recognition

Claire has a law degree and brings five years of experience to her current job. She bills more client hours than any other associate. Claire receives a salary of $125,000, a bonus, medical and dental coverage, and two weeks paid vacation per year. From Claire's perspective, which of the following is an output of the individual-organization exchange relationship?

two weeks paid vacation

In McClelland's acquired needs theory,

we learn needs as we live our lives.

______ refers to the amount of effort that we invest in an activity.

Intensity

ABC Company recently held a company picnic. _________ theory would suggest that this kind of event is good because it increases employees' ________.

Self-determination; relatedness

__________ are the three elements of expectancy theory.

Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

According to _________, the typical perspective held by managers is that employees dislike work, must be monitored, and can be motivated only with rewards and punishment ("carrots and sticks").

Theory X

The two general categories of motivation theories are

content and process.

The idea behind the job characteristics model is that

core job characteristics lead to critical psychological states.

Chuck is concerned with what he considers to be an unfair situation at work. Although he put in 10 hours of overtime last week, he received the same pay as a co-worker who didn't put in any overtime. This week he decided to take an extra hour for lunch every day. Using the terminology of equity theory, Chuck has decided to

decrease his inputs.

Professor Jones learns that faculty members in another college with the same degree, years of teaching experience, and publication record are making significantly more money than he is. He considers this unfair. He is reacting to ______ justice.

distributive

An expectancy of zero means that the person

does not feel confident in his or her ability to do the job. Correct

Nathan plans on applying Herzberg's theory to motivate employees. As such, the first step should be to

eliminate sources of dissatisfaction.