chapter something abgs
the solubility coefficient of carbon dioxide in plasma is:
0.03
at blood pH 7.40, what is the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid?
20:1
you have determined the following blood gas parameters on a patient with emphysema. calculate the total carbon dioxide content in mEq/L. pH- 7.20 HCO3- 20 mEq/L pO2- 60 mmHg BE- +4 pCO2- 100 mmHg
23
a person suggested of having metabolic alkalosis would have which of the following laboratory findings?
CO2 content and pH elevated
your supervisor asks you to recalibrate the blood gas analyzer. given the data below, what partial pressures of carbon dioxide and oxygen should be used to standardize the instrument? barometric pressure- 767 mmHg carbon dioxide tank- 10% CO2 oxygen tank- 20% O2
CO2- 72 mmHg O2- 144 mmHg
most of the carbon dioxide present in blood is in the form of:
bicarbonate ion
the most important buffer pair in plasma is the:
bicarbonate/carbonic pair (20:1)
metabolic acidosis is described as a(n):
decrease in HCO3 and pCO2 with a decreased pH (decrease all around)
the following blood gas results were obtained: pH- 7.18 pO2- 86 mmHg pCO2- 60 mmHg O2 sat- 92% HCO3- 21 mEq/L TCO2- 23 mEq/L base excess- -8.0 mEq/L the patients results are compatible with which of the following?
emphysema
unless blood gas measurement are made immediately after sampling, in vitro glycolysis of the blood causes a:
fall in pH and a rise in pCO2
an increased P50 causes a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the left.
false
arterialized blood is always an acceptable alternative to arterial blood providing you warm up the puncture site before obtaining the specimen.
false
hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood is usually determined by means of which of these electrodes?
glass
a patient is admitted to the emergency room in a state of metabolic alkalosis. which of the following would most likely be consistent with this diagnosis?
high pCO2, increased HCO3
a common cause of respiratory alkalosis is:
hyperventilation
all of the following statements about partially compensated respiratory alkalosis are true EXCEPT:
hypoventilation is the causative defect
a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the right, resulting in a decreased affinity of hemoglobin oxygen, may be due to:
low blood pH level
a 68 year old man arrives in the emergency room with a glucose level of 722 mg/dL and serum acetone of 4+ undiluted. an arterial blood gas from this patient is likely to be:
low pH
severe diarrhea causes:
metabolic acidosis
the expected blood gas results for patient in chronic renal failure would match the pattern of:
metabolic acidosis
which blood gas electrode is composed of a semi-permeable membrane, a silver/silver chloride reference electrode and glass electrode?
pCO2
upon to receiving an arterial specimen for blood gases in the laboratory, you observe that it was not delivered to the lab within 30 minutes and it was not on ice. you refuse to analyze the specimen. you base your decision on the premise that the following parameters have been altered:
pH decreased, pCO2 increased, pO2 decreased
most automated blood gas analyzers directly measure:
pH, pCO2, and pO2
which of the following forms of the henderson-hasselbalch equation is (are) correct?
pH= 6.1 + log HCO3/H2CO3 and pH= pKa + log HCO3/H2CO3
a blood gas sample was sent to the lab on ice, and a bubble was present in the syringe. the blood had been exposed to room air for at least 30 minutes. the following change in blood gases will occur:
pO2 increased/HCO3 decreased
an arterial blood specimen submitted for blood gas analysis is obtained at 8:30 am but is not received in the laboratory until 11 am. the technologist should:
request a new arterial specimen to be obtained
an emphysema patient is suffering from fluid accumulation in the alveolar spaces is likely to be in what metabolic state?
respiratory acidosis
the following results were obtained: sodium- 136 mEq/L potassium- 4.4 mEq/L chloride- 92 mEq/L bicarbonate- 40 mEq/L pH- 7.30 pCO2- 20 these results are most compatible with:
respiratory acidosis
the results in this table are most compatible with: sodium- 136 mEq/L potassium- 4.4 mEq/L chloride- 92 Eq/L bicarbonate- 40 mEq/L pH- 7.32 pCO2- 79 mmHg
respiratory acidosis
in an enzyme activity assay, the concentration of a coenzyme:
should be in excess of its requirement
arterial blood that is collected in a heparinized syringe but exposed to room air would be the most consistent with the changes in which of the following specimens shown in this table? specimen pO2 pCO2 pH a elevated decreased elevated b decreased elevated decreased c unchanged elevated unchanged d decreased decreased decreased
specimen a
base excess is a blood gas parameter that measure the deviation from the normal buffer base and can be either positive or negative.
true
the total CO concentration is comprised of which components?
H2CO3 (carbonic acid) + HCO3 (bicarbonate)
acidosis and alkalosis are best defined as fluctuations in blood pH and CO2 content due to changes in:
bicarbonate buffer