Chapter Ten (History)
What are the growing differences between the North and the South? (North)
The North had railroads. They opposed slavery. They made telegraph wires which were used to make instant communication. They had immigrants from Europe. They had a large amount of industry. They had big cities. They had textiles and sewing machines.
What was Bleeding Kansas?
A violent battlefield in a Civil War: Bleeding Kansas was a massacre that triggered dozens of incidents throughout Kansas. Some 200 people in Kansas that were killed. It happened because there were anti-slavery and then there were some that supported slavery and they were fighting against each other.
What were the beliefs of The Whig Party? (South)
Backed the Compromise in order to appear both proslavery and pro-Union.
Explains the reasons voters aligned with a particular party. The Whig Party
Because they were pro-business and they were divided on slavery. (North and South)
What were the beliefs of The American Party or The Know-Nothing Party?
Believed in anti-immigration and being anti-Catholic.
What were the beliefs of The Free-Soil Party?
Believed in being against the extension of slavery and they were pro-labor.
What were the beliefs of The Republican Party?
Believed in opposing the expansion of slavery into territories.
What were the beliefs of The Democratic Party?
Believed in states' rights, limited government, and they were divided on slavery.
Who was John Brown?
Brown believed that God had called on him to fight slavery he also had the mistaken empression that the proslavery policy had killed five men, Brown was set on revenge on May 24 he and his followers pulled five men from their beds in the proslavery movement of Pottawantonie Creek hacked off their hands and stabbed them with broadswords, this attack became famouos as the Pottawatomie Massacre.
What were the terms of the Compromise of 1850?
California was added as a free state. It posed a more effective fugitive slave law. Utah and New Mexico get to vote weither or not they want slavery. The sale of slaves was banned in the District of Columbia/Washington.
Define Fugitive Slave Act, personal liberty laws, Underground Railroad.
Component of the Compromise of 1850, an act of personal liberty laws- forbiden the imprisonment of runaway slaves from the Underground Railroad- secret network of people who would at great risk to themselves, and fugitive slaves in their escape.
State the roles played by the following figures in the Compromise: Daniel Webster
He approved and defended the Compromise.
State the roles played by the following figures in the Compromise: John C. Calhoun
He opposed the Compromise.
State the roles played by the following figures in the Compromise: Henry Clay
He proposed and defended the Compromise.
State the roles played by the following figures in the Compromise: Stephen Douglas
He saved the Compromise by taking it apart and voting on the provisions one at a time.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
It divided the Kansas and Nebraska area into two territories it would repeal the Missouri Compromise and established popular soveriengty for both territories, Northern Congressmen saw the bill as a plot to turn territories into slave states, 90% of Congressmen voted for the bill, bitterness spilled into general public after months of struggle and strife the Kansas Nebraska Act became law in May of 1854.
Explain the Compromise of 1850 and how it stopped seccession.
It was a series of resolutions that answered "all questions in controversy between the free and slave states, growing out of the subject of slavery." To satisfy the North, the compromise provided that California be admitted to the Union as a free state. To satisfy the South, the compromise proposed a new and more effective fugitive slave law. Other provisions of the compromise had elements that appealed to both regions. A provision that allowed residents of the territories of New Mexico and Utah popular soveriengty appealed to both North and South. As part of the compromise, the federal government would pay Texas $10 million to surrender its claim to New Mexico. Northerners were please because, in effect, it limited slvaery in Texas to within its current borders. Southerners were pleased becuase the money would help defray Texas's expenses and debts from the war with Mexico.
Explain why the Wilmont Proviso failed and why California statehood becomes important.
It was an ammendment that stated that California, as well as the territories of Utah and New Mexico, would be closed to slavery forever. The Hoise of Representatives approved the proviso, but the Senate rejected it. Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia issued a dire prediction. It failed because the South was worried that they would lose all of their power to the North. It is a measure that prohibited slavery in any territory that the United States won from the War with Mexico. The statehood of California was important because their new Constitution forbade slavery.
Why did many of the nation's immigrants oppose the expansion of slavery?
It would lead to direct competition for jobs.
List the states that had both a substantial slave population in 1860 and a large African-American population in 1990.
Louisiana, Georgia, Virginia, Florida, North Carolina, and Texas.
List the four free states west of the Mississippi River.
Minnesota, California, Iowa, and Oregon.
In contrast to many other states, Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland had a difficult time deciding which side to join during the Civil War. Why do you think this was so?
Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland were border states of the Confederacy.
Name the six states that had African-American populations of more than 1.5 million in 1990.
New York, California, Texas, Florida, Georgia, and Illinois.
What were the beliefs of The Whig Party? (North)
Opposed the Fugitive Slave Act and gave only lukewarm support to the Compromise of 1850.
Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe?
Published Uncle Tom's Cabin that stirred strong reactions from the North and South, the book delivered a message that slavery was not just a political contest, but also a great moral struggle, he was an ardent abolitionist.
Who was Harriet Tubman?
She was one of the most famous conductors of the Underground Railroad, born as a slave in 1820 or 1821, worked on a plantation, and suffered a blow to the head causing brain damage; in 1849 her owner died and she made a break for freedom and reached Phillidephia while she was the conducter she made 19 trips to the South; saved 300 slaves including her parents, was never captured.
What incident happened between Preston S. Brooks and Sumner?
Sumner gave a speech that attacked people who were for slavery due to this Preston struck Sumner with a cane which caused brain damage.
What were the Political Parties of the South?
The American Party or The Know-Nothing Party, The Republican Party, and The Whig Party
What were the Political Parties of the North?
The Whig Party, The Democratic Party, and The Free-Soil Party
What was popular sovereignty?
The right of residents of a territory to vote for or against slavery-appealed to both the North and South.
Why did California's request for statehood cause alarm among Southerners?
Their new Constitution forbade slavery, even though the Southerners believed they should be open to slavery because they were below the Missouri Compromise line.
Despite the history of slavery in the South, many free African Americans chose to stay there after the Civil War. What factors do you think might have caused them to make this choice?
They don't want to have to uproot their families because they have already bee uprooted from Africa, all they know how to do is farm, and they don't have enough money to move. They also see the South as their home.
What are the growing differences between the North and the South? (South)
They mostly had plantations and small farms. They were a rural society. They did not have many immigrants coming from Europe. The economy relied on staple crops such as cotton. They used rivers to transport goods. They depended heavily on slavery. One-third of the Indian population lived there.
List the 14 states that had areas with a slave population of more than 30 percent in 1860.
Virginia, Kentucky, Maryland, Montana, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas.