Chapters 1 & 2
The Nutrition Facts panel on most packaged foods contains the amounts of nutrients in that food as well as compares these amounts to the recommended intake values. These comparisons are reported as...
% Daily Values
What component of a food label can help consumers compare the amounts of nutrients in a food to the amount of that nutrient that is recommended for consumption each day?
% Daily Values
Vitamins contain _____ kcalories per gram.
0
The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggests consuming less than _____ of calories per day from added sugars.
10
How many kcalories are in 21 grams of fat?
189
Percent Daily Values (PDV) represent a _____ kcalorie/day diet.
2,000
Your body is approximately _______% water.
60
Alcohol contains how many calories per gram?
7
If a food label identifies the total number of kcalories in a bowl of cereal as 140 and the carbohydrate kilocalories as 100, what is the approximate percentage of energy supplies by carbohydrates?
70
Which of the following is not one of the functions of nutrients/food? A) To taste good. B) To contribute to body structures. C) To regulate body processes. D) To provide energy.
A
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding food labels? A) The B vitamins are not required. B) Each manufacturer decides the serving sizes. C) They are regulated by the FDA. D) Health claims are limited to a few which have been proven.
B
The grain group is a main supplier of...
B vitamin and carbohydrates
What food fits best in this food group? Fats, Oils, and Sweets
Bacon, Sour Cream, Cream Cheese
What food fits best in this food group? Fruits
Banana
What food fits best in this food group? Vegetables
Broccoli
What food fits best in this food group? Grains
Corn
What food fits best in this food group? Protein
Eggs
True or False? Adequate Intake is equivalent to the Recommended Dietary Allowance.
False
True or False? An apple typically has an high amount of protein while being low in lipids.
False
True or False? Calcium, vitamin B6, and vitamin C are all considered fat soluble vitamins.
False
True or False? Carbohydrate is considered the most essential nutrient.
False
True or False? Consider the nutrient density of a potato. It is correct to say that a baked potato is classified as being less nutrient dense compared to French fries.
False
True or False? Consuming less than 200 mg/day of dietary cholesterol is a key recommendation in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
False
True or False? In nutrition research, a possible explanation made on the basis of limited evidence and used as a starting point for further investigation is called observation.
False
True or False? It is accurate to suggest that a donut is more nutrient dense than a piece of whole wheat bread.
False
True or False? Usually, results from animal studies can be applied directly to humans.
False
The organization responsible for the food label is the...
Food and Drug Administration
The protein group is a main supplier of...
Iron
If the intake of potassium for an individual is less than the Estimated Average Requirement, is it true that this individual is at increased risk for potassium deficiency?
No because it only estimates it for 50% of of individuals.
What food group is the most important to consume for good health?
No one food group is the most important.
Where would you find "Daily Values" used?
On a food label.
What nutrient is important for contributing to body structure for normal growth and development for the body (building and repairing body tissue?
Protein
What is defined as the nutrient intake levels that meet the nutrient needs of almost all (97-98%) individuals in a life-stage and gender group?
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)
What is a Dietary Reference Intake?
Reference values for nutrient intakes to be used in assessing and planning diets for health people, including 4 basic categories.
Define "balance" in terms of menu planning for a healthy diet.
Selecting a variety of foods at each meal, consuming enough but not too much from all of the different food groups.
What is a Tolerable Upper Intake Level?
The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that poses little risk of adverse health effects to almost all of the individuals in a defined group.
What is an Estimated Average Requirement?
The nutrient intake level estimated to meet the needs of 50% of the individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
What is a Recommended Dietary Allowance?
The nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the needs of 97-98% of the individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
What is true of the RDA's?
They are high, in order to meet the majority of people's needs.
The _____ are the maximum levels of daily nutrient intakes that are unlikely to pose health risks to almost all individuals in the group for whom they are designed.
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UIs)
True or False? A kcalorie is defined as the amount of heat energy needed to raise 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.
True
True or False? A placebo can have an effect on the patient if he or she believes the placebo will work.
True
True or False? Compared to our lifestyle factors, such as smoking and exercise, our food choices are more likely to affect our risk for developing chronic diseases such as heart disease or cancer.
True
True or False? Consuming less than 10% of kcal/day form added sugars is a key recommendation in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
True
True or False? Consuming less than 10% of kcal/day from saturated fats is a key recommendation in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
True
True or False? Generally, the typical American diet contains too much solid fat, saturated fat, sodium, and sugar.
True
True or False? If you would follow the dietary guidelines you would likely be eating healthy.
True
True or False? Professional journals are examples of primary sources of scientific research information.
True
True or False? Reducing daily sodium intake, for most adults, to less than 2,300 mg/day is a key recommendation in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
True
True or False? The RDA is the daily level that meets the needs of the majority of people.
True
True or False? The six classes of nutrients in food include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
True
True or False? When results of a study show correlation, we conclude that there is a relationship between two or more factors but that the factors do not establish nor address cause and effect.
True
What best describes the components of a double-blind study?
When neither the subjects nor the researchers are aware of the subjects' group assignments.
What food fits best in this food group? Milk/Dairy
Yogurt
the dairy group is a main supplier of the nutrient...
calcium
Sugars, starches, and dietary fibers are examples of...
carbohydrates
Energy-yielding nutrients include...
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What age group is the most likely to experience neophobia related to food?
children ages 2 to 3 years
A 19-year-old boy avoids rice pudding because once when he was a child he got sick after eating it. This practice of avoiding a certain food because you think it will make you sick is best described as what sensory influence?
comfort/discomfort foods
Ingredients on food labels should be listed in...
descending order by weight
A grain product with added thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, and iron to replace those nutrients lost or diminished in food processing is...
enriched
What type of research study will compare disease rates among population groups and attempt to identify related conditions or behaviors?
epidemiological
Nutrients that must be taken in through the diet because the body cannot make them are called...
essential nutrients
As people from other cultures immigrate to new lands, they will adopt new behaviors consistent with their new homes; however, their _____ are the last to change.
food habits
What is not a mandatory requirement for a food label?
gross weight of contents
Reading food labels helps consumers...
identify amounts of salt or sodium in the product, determine the sugar content and the amount and kind of fat in the product, and choose foods with dietary fiber.
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are considered...
macronutrients
Vitamins and minerals are considered...
micronutrients
What is an inorganic nutrient?
minerals
Emily is a three-year-old child exhibiting _____ who, as a result, will only eat bananas, peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, and chicken nuggets. Her mother is frustrated because she will not try anything new.
neophobia
The healthfulness of a food is best described as its...
nutrient density
The nutrient content of a food, compared to its total kcalories is referred to as...
nutrient density
Circumstances in which a person lives, works, and plays in a way that promotes the over-consumption of calories and discourages physical activity and calories expenditure is best described as the...
obesogenic environment
If you are deficient in a nutrient because you are not eating enough of foods that contain that nutrient, it is called...
primary deficiency
The most dependable sources for up-to-date, accurate nutrition information are...
registered dietitian nutritionists (RDN)
If you have an illness that is causing you to be deficient in a nutrient, it is called...
secondary deficiency
A claim that describes the potential effect of a food, food component, or a dietary supplement is called a...
structure/function claim
The Dietary Guidelines..
suggest foods to increase and foods to reduce in our diet, and encourage variety, nutrient density, calories control, and moderation.
If a food labeled as "enriched" that means that...
the nutrients that were lost during processing have been put back in
Included in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, intakes of what foods are generally consumed among the US population lower than recommended and should be increased?
vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and fat-free and low-fat dairy products
Organic compounds necessary for reproduction, growth, and maintenance of the body are known as...
vitamins
What nutrient is not required to be posted on the Nutrition Facts panel?
water