Chapters 21, 22, & 23 - Review Questions - Study Notes
The air pressure in Denver, Colorado, is 630 mm Hg which is about 83% of the air pressure in Miami Beach, which is about sea level. Given that the air pressure in Miami Beach is 760 mm Hg and oxygen makes up 21% of the air in Miami Beach, what is the percentage of oxygen and the partial pressure of oxygen in Denver, respectively?
21%; 132 mm Hg
How much blood is ejected from the left ventricle during one contraction?
70ml
Which of the specific site of gas exchange in the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Surfactants are________?
Are the amphiphilic organic compounds, act as detergent and are required to keep the wall of small alveoli from sticking out.
Gastric ulcers are caused by ______?
Bacteria called Helicobacter pylori
Which of the following disease is associated with vitamin B1?
Beriberi
What part of the human brain contains the primary breathing control center?
Brain Stem
Which of the following is NOT true regarding carbon monoxide?
Carbon monoxide competes for carbon dioxide binding sites on hemoglobin.
Which of the following structure is greatly expanded in size in Koalas, resulting in a very large surface area for bacteria to digest plant material?
Cecum
Inhalation in humans is achieved by _____?
Contraction of the diaphragm and chest muscles.
Which of the following vitamins can be produced by the human body?
D
Most numberous type of cell in the blood is _____.
Erythrocytes
Which of the following nutrients is digested only after it reaches the small intestine?
Fat
Why is the pharmacological reactivation of fetal hemoglobin in a patient with sickle cell anemia often a successful treatment?
Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than does adult hemoglobin.
When digested, fats are broken down into ______.
Glycerol & Fatty Acids
Pepsinogen is converted into pepsin in the stomach when exposed to ___.
Hydrochloric Acid
Bronchioles differ from bronchi in that bronchioles _____.
Lack cartilage in their walls.
Most of the water is absorbed in ______?
Large Intestine
What information does the brain use to regulate the breathing?
Level of CO2
Which of the following enzymes digest the protein?
Pepsin in stomach and trypsin in small intestine.
Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary Vein
What is the function of AV node?
Relay a signal for the ventricles to contract.
Region of the heart that acts as the heart's pacemaker is called the ________.
SA Node
Most of the carbon dioxide released by cells is transported in the venous supply in what form?
Soluble Carbonate Ion
Contraction phase of cardiac cycle is called ________?
Systole
Amino acids, dipeptides, and sugars are transported from intestinal epithelial cells into circulation. Lipids are transported from the intestinal epithelium into _____.
The Lymph System
Arteries are distinguished from veins based on the following features except __.
The amount of oxygen present in the blood.
Which of the following assists in the return of blood from veins to the heart?
Valve
When the doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to your heart and hears the lub-dub sound, she is actually listening to the ____?
Valves in the heart that closes and open.
Which of the following hormones, increases the appetite when their concentration increases in blood?
Which of the following hormones, increases the appetite when their concentration increases in blood?
