Chapters 31-41
Which of the following is NOT a common exposure when dealing with pediatric burns? A. Scalding water in a bathtub B. Electrocution from poor wiring C. Hot items on a stove D. Cleaning solvents
B. Electrocution from poor wiring
Determine the Apgar score in the following scenario: You arrive at the scene of a home delivery. Upon entering the scene, the father appears upset and hands you a limp baby. The child has a weak cry, is completely cyanotic, and has a pulse of 70 beats/min. Respirations are slow. A. 3 B. 9 C. 2 D. 7
A. 3
When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should: A. carefully assess the patient for breathing problems. B. apply rigid board splints across the chest and back. C. assume that minimal force was applied to the back. D. recognize that scapular fractures are life threatening.
A. carefully assess the patient for breathing problems.
Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct? A. Compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury. B. Compartment syndrome occurs because of increased pressure within the bone cavity. C. In most cases, compartment syndrome develops within a few minutes after an injury. D. Most cases of compartment syndrome occur following a severe fracture of the pelvis.
A. Compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury.
Which of the following is generally NOT acceptable when interviewing an older patient? A. Do not initiate eye contact, because many geriatric patients might find this disrespectful. B. Speak slowly and distinctly. C. Give the patient time to respond unless the condition appears urgent. D. Explain what you are doing before you do it.
A. Do not initiate eye contact, because many geriatric patients might find this disrespectful.
_____ is heralded by the onset of convulsions, or seizures, resulting from severe hypertension in the pregnant woman. A. Eclampsia B. Placenta previa C. Abruptio placenta D. Supine hypotensive syndrome
A. Eclampsia
Which of the following statements regarding the brown recluse spider is NOT true? A. It is larger than the black widow spider. B. It lives mostly in the southern and central parts of the country. C. Its venom is not neurotoxic. D. Bites rarely cause systemic signs and symptoms.
A. It is larger than the black widow spider.
Which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation? A. Local swelling and ecchymosis B. General weakness and diaphoresis C. Syncope and bleeding at distal sites D. Signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion
A. Local swelling and ecchymosis
Pupillary response in pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all of the following, EXCEPT: A. anxiety. B. hypoxia. C. brain injury. D. drugs.
A. anxiety.
The "E" of the GEMS diamond stands for: A. environmental assessment. B. events leading to the incident. C. extrication of the patient. D. emergency assessment.
A. environmental assessment.
Blood in the urine is known as: A. hematuria. B. hemotysis. C. hematocrit. D. hemoglobin.
A. hematuria.
Improperly applying a splint can cause all of the following, EXCEPT: A. increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight. B. delay in transport of a patient with a life-threatening injury. C. aggravation of the distal circulation. D. compression of nerves, tissues, and blood vessels.
A. increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight.
A drop in blood pressure with a change in position is referred to as: A. orthostatic hypotension. B. metastatic hypotension. C. malignant hypotension. D. psychogenic hypotension.
A. orthostatic hypotension.
Poor maintenance of home, poor personal care, and dietary neglect are all possible indicators of ____________ elder abuse. A. physical B. financial C. emotional D. psychological
A. physical
Your 22-year-old patient is in active labor. Upon visual inspection, you note that the infant's leg is protruding from the vagina. Appropriate management of this situation includes: A. placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated. B. gently pulling on the infant's leg in an attempt to facilitate delivery. C. placing the mother in a recumbent position and rapidly transporting. D. carefully attempting to push the infant's leg off of the umbilical cord.
A. placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated.
Sedentary behavior while healing from a hip fracture would MOST likely predispose the older patient to: A. pneumonia. B. osteoporosis. C. heart failure. D. ischemic stroke.
A. pneumonia.
You respond to a local lake where a diver complains of difficulty breathing that occurred immediately after rapidly ascending from a depth of approximately 30 feet. On assessment, you note that he has cyanosis around his lips and has pink froth coming from his nose and mouth. You should: A. suction his mouth and nose, apply high-flow oxygen, monitor the patient's breath sounds for a pneumothorax, and contact medical control regarding transport to a recompression facility. B. place him in a semi-sitting position, suction his mouth and nose, apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, and transport to the closest emergency department. C. suction his mouth and nose, keep him supine and elevate his legs to prevent air bubbles from entering his brain, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport to a hyperbaric chamber. D. position him supine with his head elevated 30°, suction his mouth and nose, hyperventilate him with a bag-valve mask, and contact medical control for further guidance.
A. suction his mouth and nose, apply high-flow oxygen, monitor the patient's breath sounds for a pneumothorax, and contact medical control regarding transport to a recompression facility.
Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. sunken fontanelles. B. headache and fever. C. a stiff or painful neck. D. altered mental status.
A. sunken fontanelles.
Burns associated with lightning strikes are typically: A. superficial. B. third-degree. C. full-thickness. D. partial-thickness.
A. superficial.
Geriatric patients present as a special problem for caregivers because: A. the classic presentation of disease is often altered. B. geriatric patients tend not to understand their underlying conditions. C. their medications are rather difficult to learn. D. the typical diseases of the geriatric population are uncommon.
A. the classic presentation of disease is often altered.
Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below: A. 98°F (37°C). B. 95°F (35°C). C. 90°F (32°C). D. 88°F (31°C).
B. 95°F (35°C).
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of altered mental status in pediatric patients? A. Drug and alcohol ingestion B. Hypertension C. Seizure D. Hypoglycemia
B. Hypertension
Which of the following statements regarding patients with intellectual disabilities is correct? A. Speaking with the patient's family is the least effective way to determine how much the patient understands. B. Patients with intellectual disabilities are susceptible to the same disease processes as other patients. C. An intellectual disability differs from mental retardation in that it is the result of a congenital abnormality. D. Most patients with intellectual disabilities have normal cognitive function, but abnormal physical features.
B. Patients with intellectual disabilities are susceptible to the same disease processes as other patients.
Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Gestational diabetes will clear up in most women after delivery. B. The leading cause of abruptio placenta is an ectopic pregnancy. C. As pregnancy progresses, the uterus enlarges and rises out of the pelvis. D. Some cultures may not permit male EMTs to examine a female patient.
B. The leading cause of abruptio placenta is an ectopic pregnancy.
Which of the following observations or statements represents the "E" in the GEMS diamond? A. Elderly patients present atypically and deserve your respect. B. The patient's residence is cold due to a malfunctioning heater. C. A patient is assisted with his or her activities of daily living. D. The patient's medications have not been filled in 2 months.
B. The patient's residence is cold due to a malfunctioning heater.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding patients with autism? A. They fail to use or understand nonverbal communication. B. They will talk with normal tone and speech patterns. C. They may have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps. D. They have difficulty making eye-to-eye contact.
B. They will talk with normal tone and speech patterns.
From what internal female organ is the fetus expelled during delivery? A. Vagina B. Uterus C. Cervix D. Perineum
B. Uterus
Spina bifida is defined as: A. congenital inflammation of the spinal cord, usually in the neck. B. a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column. C. a birth defect in which the child is born without spinal vertebrae. D. chronic pressure on the brain caused by excess cerebrospinal fluid.
B. a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column.
During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should: A. splint the elbow in the position of deformity and transport immediately. B. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse. C. carefully straighten the injured arm and secure it with padded board splints. D. make two or three attempts to restore distal circulation by manipulating the elbow.
B. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse.
A 30-year-old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18 hours. The outside temperature is 30°F (-1°C). He is immediately placed in the warmed ambulance, where you perform a primary assessment. He is unresponsive, pale, and apneic. You should: A. apply an AED and assess his cardiac rhythm. B. assess for a carotid pulse for up to 60 seconds. C. open his airway and give two rescue breaths. D. apply chemical heat packs to his groin and axillae.
B. assess for a carotid pulse for up to 60 seconds.
Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called: A. retinitis. B. cataracts. C. glaucoma. D. conjunctivitis.
B. cataracts.
Drowning is MOST accurately defined as: A. temporary survival after submersion in water. B. death from suffocation after submersion in water. C. water in the lungs following submersion in water. D. death beyond 24 hours after submersion in water.
B. death from suffocation after submersion in water.
Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: A. extreme restlessness. B. drooling or congestion. C. skin that is cool and dry. D. acute respiratory distress.
B. drooling or congestion.
All of the following terms refer to a body part that is cold but not frozen, EXCEPT: A. frostnip. B. frostbite. C. trench foot. D. immersion foot.
B. frostbite.
When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents.
B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.
To minimize distractions and confusion when assessing an older patient, you should: A. dismiss the family members from the room or area. B. have only one EMT speak to the patient at a time. C. elevate your voice and speak directly to the patient. D. perform a physical exam and then talk to the patient.
B. have only one EMT speak to the patient at a time.
Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. infection. B. hyperglycemia. C. electrolyte imbalances. D. poisonings or ingestion.
B. hyperglycemia.
The amniotic fluid serves to: A. transfer oxygen to the fetus. B. insulate and protect the fetus. C. remove viruses from the fetus. D. assist in fetal development.
B. insulate and protect the fetus.
A nuchal cord is defined as an umbilical cord that: A. has separated from the placenta. B. is wrapped around the baby's neck. C. is lacerated due to a traumatic delivery. D. has abnormally developed blood vessels.
B. is wrapped around the baby's neck.
Talking about an elderly patient in front of him or her to other members of the family: A. often causes the patient to become paranoid and untrusting of your help. B. may cause the patient to think that he or she has no say in making decisions. C. will anger the patient and result in his or her refusal to accept care or transport. D. is usually beneficial because the patient's cognitive skills are typically impaired.
B. may cause the patient to think that he or she has no say in making decisions.
The venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the: A. renal system. B. nervous system. C. respiratory system. D. cardiovascular system.
B. nervous system.
While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: A. deliver 5 rescue breaths. B. palpate for a carotid pulse. C. categorize him as deceased. D. categorize him as immediate.
B. palpate for a carotid pulse.
Three days after delivering her baby, a 30-year-old woman complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. Her level of consciousness is decreased and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect: A. intrauterine bleeding. B. pulmonary embolism. C. acute pulmonary edema. D. spontaneous pneumothorax.
B. pulmonary embolism.
Blood levels of medications may rise in the elderly, sometimes to toxic levels. This is MOST likely due to: A. pancreatic failure. B. renal insufficiency. C. intentional overdose. D. splenic dysfunction.
B. renal insufficiency.
You and your partner are both male and are attending to a 28-year-old female patient complaining of diffuse abdominal pain. The patient is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. The patient refuses to allow you to examine her, and her husband informs you that their culture does not allow males to examine or care for pregnant women. You should: A. call for the police to ensure that patient assessment is carried out. B. respect the patient's wishes, ensure that the appropriate documentation is completed, and transport the patient. C. insist that the patient requires proper care and that requires an adequate physical assessment and that you cannot be responsible for the outcome. D. inform the patient that by calling for an ambulance, she is agreeing to the care provided and continue with your assessment and management.
B. respect the patient's wishes, ensure that the appropriate documentation is completed, and transport the patient.
The EMT should suspect left-sided heart failure in the geriatric patient who presents with: A. fever and a cough that produces green sputum. B. tachypnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. C. jugular venous distention and peripheral edema. D. swelling of the lower extremities and weakness.
B. tachypnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: A. refrain from taking a blood pressure. B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. C. use a toe-to-head assessment approach. D. rely solely on the parent for information.
B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.
Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike, fibrous structures called: A. fascia. B. tendons. C. cartilage. D. ligaments.
B. tendons.
The presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid indicates: A. an expected finding in full-term infants. B. that the baby's airway may be obstructed. C. that the fetus is at least 4 weeks premature. D. that full newborn resuscitation will be needed.
B. that the baby's airway may be obstructed.
In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless: A. the patient is in severe pain. B. the patient is clinically unstable. C. deformity and swelling are present. D. transport time is less than 15 minutes.
B. the patient is clinically unstable.
Which of the following questions is of LEAST pertinence when determining whether a mother will deliver her baby within the next few minutes? A. "When are you due?" B. "Is this your first baby?" C. "Have you had a sonogram?" D. "Do you feel the need to push?"
C. "Have you had a sonogram?"
A person is said to be obese when he or she is ________ over his or her ideal weight. A. 10% or more B. 20% or more C. 30% or more D. 40% or more
C. 30% or more
According to the "E" in the DOPE mnemonic, which of the following actions should you perform to troubleshoot inadequate ventilation in a patient with a tracheostomy tube? A. Look for blood or other secretions in the tube. B. Attempt to pass a suction catheter into the tube. C. Check the mechanical ventilator for malfunction. D. Listen to breath sounds to assess for a pneumothorax.
C. Check the mechanical ventilator for malfunction.
Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? A. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene B. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver D. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury
C. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver
Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? A. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. C. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy.
C. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.
You are responding to the dementia unit at a nursing home for respiratory distress. When you arrive, you notice that the patient is experiencing mild dyspnea and has an altered mental status. What can you do to help determine if the patient's altered mental status is appropriate for her underlying dementia? A. As long as the patient is alert and able to answer most questions, there is no need to determine if this is normal behavior. B. Ask the patient's roommate if this is normal behavior for the patient. C. Find a staff member who can explain the patient's underlying mental status to you. D. Because the patient already has dementia, there is no need to investigate this further.
C. Find a staff member who can explain the patient's underlying mental status to you.
In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity? A. When distal circulation and neurological functions are absent B. If transport time to the hospital is greater than 20 to 30 minutes C. If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain D. If a traction splint will be used to immobilize the injured extremity
C. If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain
Which of the following statements regarding autism is correct? A. Autism affects females four times greater than males. B. The majority of patients with autism do not speak at all. C. Most cases of autism are diagnosed by 3 years of age. D. Impairment of motor activity is a classic sign of autism.
C. Most cases of autism are diagnosed by 3 years of age.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the care of a patient with cerebral palsy? A. Do not assume these patients are mentally disabled. B. Limbs are often underdeveloped and are prone to injury. C. Walkers or wheelchairs should not be taken in the ambulance. D. Be prepared to care for a seizure if one occurs.
C. Walkers or wheelchairs should not be taken in the ambulance.
Down syndrome is a genetic defect that occurs as the result of: A. an extra pair of chromosomes. B. a separation of chromosome 21. C. a triplication of chromosome 21. D. a sperm that contains 24 chromosomes.
C. a triplication of chromosome 21.
You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula.
C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.
Common causes of depression in the elderly include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. chronic medical conditions. B. prescription medication use. C. an acute onset of dementia. D. alcohol abuse and dependence.
C. an acute onset of dementia.
With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the: A. area of obvious deformity over the site of impact. B. exact part of the bone or joint that was disrupted. C. area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury. D. part of the body that sustained secondary injury.
C. area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury.
You and your partner respond to a park where several people were reportedly struck by lightning. When you arrive, you find three patients. The first patient is lying supine on the ground; he is unresponsive and does not appear to be breathing. The second patient is ambulatory, appears confused, and is holding his arm against his chest. The third patient is sitting on the ground holding the sides of his head. After calling for backup, you should: A. immediately begin CPR on the unresponsive patient, but cease resuscitation efforts if there is no response after 5 minutes of treatment. B. focus your initial treatment efforts on the patients who are conscious because the unresponsive patient is likely in irreversible cardiac arrest. C. assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless, and attach the AED as soon as possible. D. recognize that the patients who are conscious are at high risk for developing cardiac arrest and quickly assess them for potentially life-threatening injuries.
C. assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless, and attach the AED as soon as possible.
Because of the complexity of the older patient and the vagueness of his or her complaint, you should: A. limit your physical examination to the area of pain or injury. B. rely exclusively on family members for the medical history. C. attempt to differentiate between chronic and acute problems. D. perform a rapid assessment on all geriatric patients you treat.
C. attempt to differentiate between chronic and acute problems.
Cerebral palsy is characterized by poorly controlled ________ movement. A. eye B. neck C. body D. extremity
C. body
You are assessing a 70-year-old female who complains of intense thirst, frequent urination, and dizziness. She has a history of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Her blood glucose reads "high." She is conscious, but confused. Her blood pressure is 92/52 mm Hg, her pulse rate is 130 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min and shallow. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: A. diabetic ketoacidosis. B. hyperglycemia with moderate dehydration. C. hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome. D. acute renal failure with associated hyperglycemia.
C. hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome.
You receive a call to a residence for a sick patient. Upon your arrival, you find the patient, a 53-year-old diabetic male, lying down on his front porch. His wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. You should: A. perform a head-to-toe assessment and look for signs of trauma. B. place him in a sitting position and have him drink 1 L of water. C. load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions. D. administer one tube of oral glucose and reassess his mental status.
C. load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions.
Crepitus and false motion are: A. indicators of a severe sprain. B. only seen with open fractures. C. positive indicators of a fracture. D. most common with dislocations.
C. positive indicators of a fracture.
Common interventions used to stimulate spontaneous respirations in the newborn include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. suctioning of the upper airway. B. thorough drying with a towel. C. positive-pressure ventilations. D. some form of tactile stimulation.
C. positive-pressure ventilations.
Signs and symptoms of severe systemic hypothermia include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. weak pulse. B. coma. C. shivering. D. very slow respirations.
C. shivering.
Once the infant's head has been delivered: A. suction the infant's nose, and then the mouth. B. apply oxygen over the mother's vagina. C. suction the infant's mouth, then the nose. D. apply a nasal cannula at 3 L/min to the infant.
C. suction the infant's mouth, then the nose.
In contrast to younger patients, older patients are more prone to a decrease in blood pressure (BP) upon standing because: A. their red blood cells are destroyed at a faster than normal rate. B. the aging process results in an overall increase in blood volume. C. the body is less able to adapt the BP to rapid postural changes. D. any change in position causes blood to be shunted to the brain.
C. the body is less able to adapt the BP to rapid postural changes.
When caring for a patient with a previous head injury, you should: A. speak in a loud, commanding tone. B. expect the patient to be able to walk. C. watch the patient for signs of anxiety. D. never consider restraining the patient.
C. watch the patient for signs of anxiety.
A mother who is pregnant with her first baby is typically in the first stage of labor for approximately: A. 4 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 16 hours.
D. 16 hours.
When assisting ventilations in a newborn with a bag-valve mask, the rate is _____ breaths/min. A. 20 to 30 B. 30 to 50 C. 35 to 45 D. 40 to 60
D. 40 to 60
Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity? A. Severe strain B. Moderate sprain C. Hairline fracture D. Displaced fracture
D. Displaced fracture
Which of the following statements regarding depression is true? A. Treatment typically involves medication, because counseling typically does not work. B. Older adults in skilled nursing facilities are less likely to develop depression. C. It generally does not interfere with ability to function in the elderly. D. It is diagnosed three times more commonly in women than in men.
D. It is diagnosed three times more commonly in women than in men.
Which of the following is NOT performed immediately following delivery of the infant? A. Wrap the infant in a towel and place it on one side with head lowered. B. Be sure the head is covered and keep the neck in a neutral position. C. Use a sterile gauze pad to wipe the infant's mouth, then suction again. D. Obtain an Apgar score.
D. Obtain an Apgar score.
Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life? A. An amputated extremity B. Bilateral femur fractures C. Nondisplaced long bone fractures D. Pelvic fracture with hypotension
D. Pelvic fracture with hypotension
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely be encountered in a patient with cerebral palsy? A. Paralysis B. Brain tumors C. Type 2 diabetes D. Seizure disorder
D. Seizure disorder
The MOST prominent symptom of decompression sickness is: A. tightness in the chest. B. difficulty with vision. C. dizziness and nausea. D. abdominal or joint pain.
D. abdominal or joint pain.
An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: A. excessive tearing. B. moist oral mucosa. C. bulging fontanelles. D. absent urine output.
D. absent urine output.
A history of pelvic inflammatory disease or tubal ligations increases a woman's risk for: A. preeclampsia. B. placenta previa. C. gestational diabetes. D. an ectopic pregnancy.
D. an ectopic pregnancy.
A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should: A. assess distal pulses as well as sensory and motor functions. B. manually stabilize the leg above and below the site of injury. C. gently manipulate the injured leg until the numbness dissipates. D. control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing.
D. control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing.
The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is: A. aggravation of the injury or worsened pain. B. reduction in circulation distal to the injury site. C. compression of nerves, tissues, and vasculature. D. delaying transport of a critically injured patient.
D. delaying transport of a critically injured patient.
Signs and symptoms of a dislocated joint include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. marked deformity. B. tenderness on palpation. C. locked joint. D. ecchymosis.
D. ecchymosis.
Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: A. hot items on a stovetop. B. scalding water in a bathtub. C. exposure to caustic chemicals. D. entrapment in a structural fire.
D. entrapment in a structural fire.
The body's natural cooling mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas, is called: A. radiation. B. convection. C. conduction. D. evaporation.
D. evaporation.
Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. nausea. B. headache. C. tachycardia. D. hot, dry skin.
D. hot, dry skin.
The rate and amount of heat loss by the body can be modified by all of the following, EXCEPT: A. increasing heat production. B. moving to an area where heat loss is decreased. C. wearing insulated clothing. D. increasing fluid intake.
D. increasing fluid intake.
Signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and associated hypovolemia include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. cold, clammy skin with ashen pallor. B. dizziness, weakness, or faintness. C. normal vital signs. D. normal thirst.
D. normal thirst.
When preparing a pregnant patient for delivery, you should position her: A. in a supine position with her legs spread. B. on her left side with the right leg elevated. C. in a sitting position with her hips elevated 12 inches. D. on a firm surface with her hips elevated 2 to 4 inches.
D. on a firm surface with her hips elevated 2 to 4 inches.
A 26-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant is experiencing a seizure. Her husband tells you that her blood pressure has been high and that she had been complaining of a headache for the past few days. You should: A. elevate her legs to improve brain perfusion and keep her warm. B. administer oral glucose for presumed hypoglycemia and transport. C. insert an oral airway and ventilate her with a bag-valve mask. D. place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport.
D. place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport.
You are transporting a 28-year-old man with a frostbitten foot. The patient's vital signs are stable and he denies any other injuries or symptoms. The weather is treacherous and your transport time to the hospital is approximately 45 minutes. During transport, you should: A. rewarm his foot in 102°F to 104°F (38.9°C to 40°C) water. B. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. C. cover his foot with chemical heat compresses. D. protect the affected part from further injury.
D. protect the affected part from further injury.
A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the: A. pelvic girdle. B. femoral shaft. C. pubic symphysis. D. proximal femur.
D. proximal femur.
Treatment of drowning or near drowning begins with: A. opening the airway. B. ventilation with 100% oxygen via bag-mask device. C. suctioning the lungs to remove the water. D. rescue and removal from the water.
D. rescue and removal from the water.
A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should: A. apply manual stabilization to both of her femurs. B. administer oxygen and perform a rapid assessment. C. assess for a carotid pulse and assist her ventilations. D. stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.
D. stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.
When determining the frequency of contractions, you should time the contractions from the: A. end of one to the start of the next. B. start of one to the end of the next. C. end of one to the end of the next. D. start of one to the start of the next.
D. start of one to the start of the next.
When you are performing a scene assessment at an incident involving SIDS, you should focus your attention on all of the following, EXCEPT: A. signs of illness, including medication, humidifiers, and thermometers. B. the general condition of the house. C. the site where the infant was discovered. D. the temperature of the room.
D. the temperature of the room.