Chem 1 Exam 2
what is Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)?
273.15 K and 1.00 atm
solution
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
which color (frequency) of light travels the fastest in a vacuum?
all have the same speed no matter wavelength or frequency
why does the atomic radius increases down a group on the periodic table?
as the number of energy levels (n) increases, there is a greater distance between the nucleus and the outermost orbital (radius)
which one of the following statements best describes electronegativity in atoms?
attraction an element's nucleus has for the electrons in a chemical bond
when an atom loses an electron, its radius ________.
decreases
what is the difference between effusion and diffusion?
effusion is through a pinhole, and diffusion is through open space
what happens to the energy of a photon if the wavelength is doubled?
energy is reduced by one-half
which of the following forms of radiation has the highest frequency?
gamma rays
what type of light on the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy per photon?
gamma waves
define the trend for electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity
increase from left to right of period and decrease top to bottom of group
define the trend for atomic radii
increase from the top to the bottom of a group and decrease from left to right of a period
when an atom gains an electron, its radius ________.
increases
what is observed when a noble gas is heated and the emitted light shone through a prism?
individual lines of varying colors
ions are described as ________ if they have the same number of electrons
isoelectronic
which of the following is true concerning ψ²?
it describes the probability of finding an electron in space (ψ describes the overall state of a quantum system)
water can dissolve ionic compounds because...
it is a polar molecule
HI is considered an acid because...
it produces hydronium ions in solution (arrhenius acid)
red light has a _____ frequency and a _____ wavelength than ultraviolet rays
lower; longer
a more electronegative atom will have...
more attraction to the electrons in a chemical bond
if light has a lot of energy, it will have:
small wavelength
as the temperature decreases, what can be said about a sample of gas particles?
the average speed of the gas particles will decrease
a fixed container containing an ideal gas is heated...the pressure of the gas increases because....
the gas molecules move faster and strike the walls of the container more often and with more force
in the photoelectric effect, if the intensity of light shone on a metal increases, what will happen?
there will be more electrons ejected
light wave A has a greater frequency than light wave B, so which has a greater wavelength?
wave B
wavelength as it relates to an electromagnetic wave is defined as which of the following?
wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs in a wave
given a particular value of the principal quantum number (n), which quantum number primarily determines the shape of an orbital?
ℓ
