Chem compend

isotonic

217. Solutions that have the same osmotic pressure are said to be

elements

218. Fundamental types of matter that cannot be converted into other kinds by ordinary chemical means are

pH values

219. Acidity or alkalinity is conveniently expressed by a scale of

chemical change

220. Decomposition of the human body is a

Calcium

221. Which one of the following chemicals, when contained in water in the form of salts, causes "hard water"?

mold inhibitor

222. What is paradichlorobenzene used for in embalming powders?

to act as a humectant

223. A function of glycerol in embalming fluids is.

High index of formaldehyde

224. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a jaundice fluid? (a) Strong reducing agents (b) Strong active dye (c) High index of formaldehyde (d) Low index of formaldehyde

A compound

225. Which of the following is the result of two or more elements chemically united in a definite proportion by weight? (a) A solution (b) A mixture (c) An element (d) A compound

formaldehyde

226. Paraformaldehyde is a polymer of (a) acetaldehyde. (b) formaldehyde. (c) acetone. (d) paraform.

the total number of it's protons and neutrons

227. The atomic number of an element is equivalent to (a) the total number of it's protons or electrons. (b) the total number of it's protons and electrons. (c) the total number of it's protons and neutrons. (d) the total number of it's protons, neutrons and electrons.

Sorbitol

228. A humectant commonly used in embalming fluids is (a) borax. (b) sodium citrate. (c) sorbitol. (d) phenol.

Negative

229. What is the electrical charge of an electron? (a) Neutral (b) Positive (c) Negative (d) Zero

Methanol

230. Polymerization of formaldehyde is inhibited by the addition of (a) methanol. (b) water. (c) eosin. (d) borax.

Four

231. How many main classes of inorganic compounds are there? (a) One (b) Two (c) Three (d) Four

37%

232. The percentage by weight of formaldehyde in formalin is (a) 37%. (b) 40%. (c) 2%. (d) 12%.

supersaturated

233. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? (a) Dilute (b) Concentrated (c) Saturated (d) supersaturated

autolysis

234. The digestion of cells by means of their own enzymes is called (a) adipocere. (b) autolysis. (c) rigor mortis. (d) catabolism.

compounds

235. Substances that can be decomposed or separated into singular substances are (a) compounds. (b) atoms. (c) ions. (d) elements.

composed of many amino acids linked together

236. Proteins are compounds (a) composed of many aldoses linked together. (b) composed of many ketoses linked together. (c) composed of many amino acids linked together. (d) composed of glycerine and fatty acid molecules combined together.

Molecules

237. Two or more atoms of different elements forms (a) molecules. (b) atoms. (c) ions. (d) elements.

amino acids

238. Upon hydrolysis, proteins yield (a) sugars. (b) amines. (c) amides. (d) amino acids.

a molecule

239. Two or more atoms of the same element form (a) a radical. (b) an ion. (c) a molecule. (d) an isotope.

vehicle

240. Water, when used in embalming fluids, is used as a (a) preservative. (b) modifying agent. (c) vehicle. (d) buffer.

E.D.T.A

241. Which of the following substances is used as a buffer in arterial fluid? (a) Sorbitol (b) E.D.T.A. (c) Heparin (d) Lanolin

anticoagulant

242. Sodium citrate, when used in embalming fluids, functions as a/an (a) wetting agent. (b) anticoagulant. (c) humectant. (d) modifying agent.

Mixtures

243. Which of the following can be separated by physical methods? (a) Mixtures (b) Compounds (c) Bases (d) Salts

below seven

244. If a solution is acid, its pH will be (a) equal to seven. (b) below seven. (c) above seven. (d) fourteen.

They are normally injected into body cavities

245. Which of the following statement' is FALSE concerning arterial fluids? (a) They are normally injected into the arterial system (b) They normally contain dye (c) They normally contain surfactants (d) They are normally injected into body cavities

a preservative

246. The function of methanal in embalming fluids IS (a) a penetrating agent. (b) buffer. (c) an anticoagulant. (d) a preservative.

Cost of the fluid

247. Which of the following is NOT important in determining the shelf-life of an arterial fluid? (a) The presence of buffers (b) The presence of anti-polymerization agents (c) Exposure to light (d) Cost of the fluid

body fats

248. Adipocere is a derivative of (a) body proteins. (b) body carbohydrates. (c) body fats. (d) blood sugar.

It expands when it freezes

249. Which of these is classified as a physical property of water? (a) It reacts with sodium to release hydrogen (b) It is an oxidizing agent (c) It promotes chemical reactions (d) It expands when it freezes

prohibited by law

250. Mercuric chloride is a good disinfectant. It is (a) found in most arterial fluids. (b) found in most cavity fluids. (c) found in most powdered autopsy compounds. (d) prohibited by Jaw .

Gases

251. Which state of matter has no definite volume and no definite shape? (a) Liquids (b) Gases (c) Solids (d) Compounds

anticoagulants

252. Citrates and oxalates are usually added to embalming fluids to act as (a) preservatives. (b) vehicles. (c) surfactants. (d) anticoagulants.

osmosis

253. The swelling of a body during embalming is due to (a) dialysis. (b) surface tension. (c) osmosis. (d) distribution.

preservative

254. Phenol is used in embalming fluids as a (a) dye. (b) surfactant. (c) vehicle. (d) preservative.

Acitve dyes

255. Which of the following would NOT normally be present in a cavity fluid? (a) Active dyes (b) Germicides (c) Preservatives (d) Coagulants

solid state

256. Paraformaldehyde is formaldehyde in a (a) liquid state (b) isotopic state. (c) gaseous state. (d) solid state.

Humectants

257. In arterial fluids, glycols act as (a) dyes. (b) buffers. (c) humectants. (d) surfactants.

Humectant

258. A substance in embalming fluid which serves to retain moisture in the body is known as a (a) desiccant. (b) surfactant. (c) dehydrant. (d) humectant.

A high concentration of formaldehyde

259. Which of the following would NOT be found in a pre-injection fluid? (a) A high concentration of formaldehyde (b) A low concentration of preservatives (c) Water conditioning agents (d) Anticoagulants

Water

260. The important vehicle for an arterial solution is (a) lanolin. (b) water. (c) formaldehyde. (d) glycerol.

an atom

261. A charged group of atoms functioning as a single unit in a chemical reaction is (a) a polyatomic ion. (b) an atom. (c) a symbol. (d) a molecule.

5.1

262. The number of fluid ounces of a 25 index arterial fluid needed to prepare one gallon (128 fl. oz.) of solution with a strength of one percent would be (a) 3.2. (b)5.1. (c) 12.8. (d) 16.0.

The esters

263. The class of compounds used in embalming fluids perfuming agents is (a) the mercaptans. (b) the esters. (c) the ethers. (d) the amines.

promote blood clotting

264. Water of high mineral content, such as hard water, tends to (a) prevent blood clotting. (b) promote blood clotting. (c) have no effect on blood clotting. (d) dilate blood vessels.

surfactant

265. Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in embalming fluid (a) a dye. (b) a preservative. (c) a surfactant. (d) a vehicle.

dyes

266. Eosine, ponceau, and erythrosine are used in embalming fluids as (a) surfactants. (b) preservatives. (c) disinfectants. (d) dyes.

water

267. Of all chemical compounds, the most depended upon by plants and animals is (a) air. (b) water. (c) acid. (d) salt.

preservative and disinfectant

268. Formaldehyde in terms of embalming, is used as a (a) preservative. (b) disinfectant. (c) humectant. (d) both a and b.

hydrogen

269. The most abundant element in the universe is (a) hydrogen. (b) sodium chloride. (c) hydrogen hydroxide. (d) nitrogen.

sodium citrate

270. Of the following, the one that is used in embalming fluids as an anticoagulant is (a) sodium citrate. (b) glycerine. (c) sorbitol. (d) sodium Iauryl sulfate.

Cavity fluids

271. What type of embalming fluids contain high concentrations of disinfectants and preservatives but generally lack active dyes and other modifying agents? (a) Jaundice fluids (b) Cavity fluids (c) Co-injection fluids (d) Humectants

surfactant

272. The chemical used in embalming fluids to reduce surface tension and to aid in penetration, is known as a/an (a) humectant. (b) buffer. (c) surfactant. (d) emollient.

Dehydration

273. What is the function of plaster of paris in hardening compound? (a) Coloring (b) Preservation (c) Dehydration (d) Disinfection

masking agents

274. Deodorants are used in embalming fluids as (a) surfactants. (b) humectants. (c) masking agents. (d) buffers.

Sodium Hydroxide

275. The chemical formula of NaOH denotes which of the following compounds? (a) Sodium hydroxide (b) Sodium oxide (c) Potassium hydroxide (d) Ammonium oxide

polyhydric alcohols

276. Of the following, the class of chemicals that are used as humectants in embalming fluids are (a) aldehydes. (b) phenolics. (c) aromatic esters. (d) polyhydric alcohols.

deodorant

277. What is methyl salicylate used for in embalming fluids? (a) Buffer (b) Deodorant (c) Surfactant (d) Humectant

adjust pH

278. Borax is used in embalming fluids to (a) mask the odor of formaldehyde. (b) stain tissues. (c) adjust pH. (d) preserve tissues.

glycerol

279. A trihydroxy alcohol found in both embalming fluids and in the structure of lipids and fats is (a) ethanol. (b) methanol. (c) glycerol. (d) sorbitol.

osmosis

280. The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser concentration to an area of higher concentration is (a) dialysis. (b) suspensions. (c) diffusions. (d) osmosis.

Deodorant

281. What is benzaldehyde used for in embalming fluids? (a) Dye (b) Buffer (c) Deodorant (d) Humectant

Crystalloids

282. Substances which will pass through the pores of animals and vegetable membranes are (a) crystalloids. (b) colloids. (c) suspensions. (d) gramuloids.

molecular

283. The most common form of oxygen is (a) molecular oxygen. (b) nascent oxygen. (c) ozone. (d) rust.

unsaturated

284. A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature is (a) unsaturated. (b) supersaturated. (c) saturated. (d) concentrated.

Radical

285. Which term is used as a synonymous term for polyatomic ion? (a) Mixture (b) Radical (c) Compound (d) Solution

a proton

286. A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom is (a) a cation. (b) an electron. (c) a neutron. (d) a proton.

sublimation

287. The passage of a solid substance directly into the gaseous state is (a) freezing. (b) crystallization. (c) sublimation. (d) boiling.

+1

288. The oxidation number for the Ammonium Radical is (a) -3. (b) +I. (c) -1. (d) -2.

acetic acid

289. Another name for ethanoic acid is (a) methanoic acid. (b) formic acid. (c) lactic acid. (d) acetic acid.

Tearing of paper

290. Which of the following is not a chemical change? (a) Combustion (b) Decomposition of remains (c) Rusting of iron (d) Tearing of paper

inorganic chemistry

291. The study of matter derived from inanimate or lifeless things is (a) biochemistry. (b) alchemy. (c) inorganic chemistry. (d) organic chemistry.

O²

292. Oxygen occurs in the free state as (a) 0. (b) 0 3. (c) 0 2. (d) All of these.

Matter

293. Anything that occupies space and possesses mass is (a) energy. (b) matter. (c) solid. (d) dense.

Acid former

294. Oxygen means (a) water former. (b) acid former. (c) salt former. (d) base former.

Chemistry

295. The science that deals with the nature of matter and the changes that matter undergoes is (a) anatomy. (b) physiology. (c) chemistry. (d) biology.

the atomic symbol

296. An abbreviation for the name of an element is (a) the atomic symbol. (b) a molecular formula. (c) a structural formula. (d) a linear formula.

a mixture

297. Two or more substances that are combined together but are NOT chemically combined form (a) a compound. (b) an element. (c) a mixture. (d) a state.

MgCL2

298. The formula for Magnesium Chloride is (a) MgCL2. (b) MgCL. (c) MgCL3. (d) MnCL2

0 degrees celsius

299. What is the freezing point of water? (a) 0 degrees Celsius (b) 0 degrees Fahrenheit (c) 0 degrees Kelvin (d) 32 degrees Celsius

oxygen

300. The most abundant element on earth is (a) nitrogen. (b) hydrogen. (c) oxygen. (d) chlorine.

the formaldehyde demand

301. The total amount of formaldehyde required to preserve all of the protein in the body is (a) the saponification demand. (b) the decarboxylation demand. (c) the formaldehyde demand. (d) the formaldehyde residual.

vehicles

302. In use with embalming fluids, water and methyl alcohol are two examples of (a) isomers. (b) vehicles. (c) indicators. (d) buffers.

a general formula

303. The formula R-OH is (a) a graphic formula. (b) a structural formula. (c) a line formula. (d) a general formula.

hydrogen

304. The main constituent of an acid is (a) oxygen. (b) oxide. (c) hydrogen. (d) hydroxyl.

isomers

305. Compounds which have identical molecular formulas but different structural formulas are (a) isomers. (b) isotopes. (c) radicals. (d) aldehydes.

hydrolysis

306. The splitting apart of a compound by water is called (a) non-electrolysis. (b) electrolysis. (c) hemolysis. (d) hydrolysis.

surface active agents

307. What are sulfonate compounds used for in embalming fluids? (a) Buffers (b) Surface active agents (c) Water conditioners (d) Humectants

amino acids

308. The hydrolysis of proteins yields (a) esters. (b) amino acids. (c) organic acids. (d) formic acids.

Perlite

309. Which of the following is used only as a filler in autopsy chemical mixtures? (a) Perlite (b) Lanolin (c) Paraformaldehyde (d) Paradichlorobenzene

All of these

310. Which of the following is a physical property of matter? (a) Solubility (b) Specific gravity (c) Density (d) All of these

Inorganic chemistry

311. What is the study of non-carbon compounds? (a) Physiological chemistry (b) Embalming chemistry (c) Organic chemistry (d) Inorganic chemistry

Carbon compounds

312. Organic chemistry is a study of (a) synthetic compounds. (b) metabolic compounds. (c) carbon compounds. (d) hydrogen compounds.

Fats

313. What substance is changed into adipocere by the saponification process? (a) Enzymes (b) Fats (c) Proteins (d) Carbohydrates

a radical

314. A group of atoms functioning as a single atom in a chemical reaction (a) a radical. (b) a formula. (c) a symbol. (d) a molecule.

Hydrogen hydroxide

315. Which of the following is NOT a hazardous substance used in embalming fluids? (a) Hydrogen hydroxide (b) Acetone (c) Methanol (d) Formaldehyde

a halogen

316. Chlorine is (a) an active metal. (b) a halogen. (c) a noble gas. (d) an inactive metal.