**chem unit 1 practice problems v2
quantitative
description based on numbers, mathematics, or measurements
The mass of 1 gram:
equals the mass of 1 mL of water at 4°C
qualitative
generalized descriptions based on senses
subjective
ideas resulting from the personal feelings, emotions, or bias
Forming a hypothesis is accomplished through ______ reasoning.
inductive
presupposition
initial idea which is believed to be true
balance
instrument to measure mass
graduated cylinder
instrument to measure volume
Which of these is the basic unit of mass? L kg cm mL
kg
The measure of distance from one point to another is:
length
The primary unit of length in the metric system is the:
meter
centi-
prefix meaning 1/100
milli-
prefix meaning 1/1000
kilo-
prefix measuring 1000
An observation which is descriptive is considered:
qualitative
An observation which requires measurement is called:
quantitative
objective
real reasoning based on facts
To ensure accurate recall of the experimental data, at minimum one should:
record the data in writing
A published hypothesis: is accepted by the scientific community should be tested by the scientific community does not need to be tested becomes a scientific law
should be tested by the scientific community
Define volume.
the space occupied by mass
A hypothesis which appears to be verified by multiple experiments and/or researchers may become a:
theory
± value
uncertainty value of measurement
Which of the following is not the same as 12.5 millimeters? 0.0000125 km 0.00125 hm 0.0125 m 1.25 cm
0.00125 hm
Which of the following is not equal to 120 centimeters? 0.0012 kilometer (km) 0.012 dekameter (dkm) 1.2 meters (m) 1,200 millimeters (mm)
0.012 dekameter (dkm)
Which of the following is not the same as 1.69 meters? 0.0169 km 0.169 dkm 169 cm 1,690 mm
0.0169 km
Round 0.0645 g to 2 significant figures:
0.065
Round 0.0952 km to 2 significant figures:
0.095
100 grams is the same as ______ kg and ______ cg.
0.100 10,000
Multiply and round to the proper number of significant figures. (0.234 cm)(3.53 cm) =
0.826
1,000 milliliters is the same as:
1 L
How many liters are in a cubic meter?
1,000
kilo-
1,000
kilo-
1,000 times the base unit
mega-
1,000,000 times the base unit
Pick the TWO true statements from the following: Graduated cylinders are used to measure volume. All graduated cylinders measure liquids with the same precision. Graduated cylinders are the only instruments used to measure volume in the laboratory. Always read a graduated cylinder from the bottom of the meniscus.
Graduated cylinders are used to measure volume. Always read a graduated cylinder from the bottom of the meniscus.
Which one of the following is not equal to 100 meters? 0.100 kilometer 10 hectometers 10,000 centimeters 100,000 millimeters
10 hectometers
Which of the following is not equal to 0.1 centimeter? 0.000001 kilometer (km) 0.001 meter (m) 10 millimeters (mm) 1,000 micrometers (µm)
10 millimeters (mm)
Multiply and round to the proper number of significant figures. (896.5 cm)(12 cm) =
11,000
Give the number of significant figures in this number: 0.070
2
Give the number of significant figures: 0.011 cm
2
2.1 liters is the same as: ______ cm3 and ______ mL
2100 2100
Round 23.455 cm to 4 significant figures:
23.46
3 x 100e0 =
3
Give the number of significant figures: 0.882 mm
3
Give the number of significant figures: 3.10 cm
3
Give the number of significant figures: 6.32 g
3
Give the number of significant figures: 832,000 km
3
3.45 kilometers = _______ micrometer(s)
3,450,000,000
Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 32,400 = _____
3.24*10e4
Give the number of significant figures in this number: 40.00
4
Give the number of significant figures: 0.01101 cm
4
Give the number of significant figures: 7.110 g
4
Give the number of significant figures: 92.06 kg
4
How many significant figures should the following answer have? (23.34 cm)(90076 cm)(2.1223 cm) = _____
4
Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 0.000543 = _____
5.43*10e-4
Which of the following is not equal to 0.536 kilometer? 53.6 hectometers (hm) 536 meters (m) 536,000 millimeters (mm) 53,600 centimeters (cm)
53.6 hectometers (hm)
Give the number of significant figures: 13,436.0 mm
6
Give the number of significant figures: 369,132,000 sec
6
Round 6.362 cg to 3 significant figures:
6.36
A cube 20 cm on one side could contain how many milliliters of fluid? How many liters of fluid is this?
8,000 8
law
A statement that explains what something does under similar conditions and is broadly agreed upon by the science community.
Weight and mass are essentially the same measurements.
False
Weight is a measure of:
Force
theory
a generalized model that explains how something happens and is used to explain observations
deductive reasoning
a prediction made or conclusion drawn from insight gained from an established principle or law
A hypothesis is made:
after gathering initial data and defining the research
hypothesis
an initial proposed explanation for a phenomenon
When conducting an experiment, a scientist should:
attempt to control the conditions
Which of these is an appropriate instrument to measure mass? balance burette ruler graduated cylinder
balance
meter
base unit of distance
kilogram
base unit of mass
liter
base unit of volume
Which unit is not a measurement of volume? cm L mL cm3
cm
accuracy
correctness of a measurement
precision
degree of exactness of a measurement
How many millimeters are there in 1 centimeter?
10
The three aspects of the measuring process are units, systems, and instruments.
False
nano-
1/1,000,000,000 of the base unit
centi-
1/100
centi-
1/100 of the base unit
0.00105 liters is the same as: _______ cm3 and _______ mL
1.05 1.05
Express in scientific notation. Remember, M must be a number such that 1 ≤ M < 10. 0.00000000000013 = _____
1.3*10e-13
Which of the following is not the same as 1,400 mL? 1,400 cm³ 1.4 L 1.4 cm³ 140 cL
1.4 cm³
milli-
1/1,000
milli-
1/1,000 of the base unit
micro-
1/1,000,000 of the base unit
All scientists observing the same event will record identical descriptions.
False
Computers are capable of inductive reasoning.
False
Density is a measure of what?
How much mass per unit of volume is in a substance
The initial explanation for a phenomenon prior to experimentation is called a(n):
Hypothesis
0.00001011 kilograms is a larger mass than 0.001011 grams.
True
54,000,000 nanometers = 0.000000054 megameter
True
A person's weight changes as he travels from the earth to space, but his mass remains the same.
True
A theory should be able to explain the relevant data and lead to correct predictions.
True
Accuracy is the correctness of a measurement.
True
Inductive reasoning requires creative thinking.
True
Precision is related to the uncertainty in a measurement.
True
The United States is one of the few countries in the world which has not yet adopted the metric system for general use.
True
The metric system is also called the SI system.
True
Volume is the space occupied by a quantity of matter.
True