chemistry exam 1
which of the following are chemical properties? copper turns greenish-blue on exposure to air copper conducts heat well copper reacts with nitric acid copper melts at 1085C copper is a red-brown metal
copper turns greenish-blue on exposure to air copper reacts with nitric acid
Al (atomic number 13) ______________ 3 electrons to form the AL^3+ ion, which therefore contains a Toal of ___________ electrons
loses 10
the __________ number of an atom is equal to the sum of the protons and ____________ in the nucleus of the atom
mass neutrons
Ne belongs to group
noble gas
(physical or chemical change) glass breaking
physical
chemical properties
properties that a substance displays as it transforms into or associates with another substance or substances
physical properties
properties that can be measured without changing the identity or composition of a substance
a/an _____________ is a subatomic particle that has a positive charge. this particle carries the same charge as a/an ______________, but with the opposite charge
proton electron
(t/f) Chadwick discovered the presence of neutrons in atoms
t
(t/f) a neutron has a mass slightly greater than a proton
t
(t/f) a proton has the same quantity of charge as an electron, but an opposite sign
t
mono
1
deca
10
prefix symbol to meaning m
10^-3
prefix symbol to meaning n
10^-9
prefix symbol to meaning k
10^3
prefix symbol to meaning M
10^6
covalent bonds are composed of
2 non metals
tri
3
hexa
6
hepta
7
onto
8
Compound
A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
what Roman numeral is Mg2+
I
what Roman numeral is Cr^2+
II
what Roman numeral is Fe^3+
III
k to C
K=C+273
Mg
Magnesium
Mn
Manganese
which of the following statements correctly define SI base units and derived units in science? the base units are the same as the decimal prefixes derived units are non metric units all the SI units are based on the English system of measurements SI base units can be combined to derive units like volume and density
SI base units can be combined to derive units like volume and density
Na
Sodium
atomic number symbol
Z
which statement correctly describes the proton? an electron has a mass that is 2000 times greater than the mass of a proton a proton has the same quantity of charge as an electron, but an opposite sign a proton has a charge with the same sign as an electron, but different quantity of charge a protons and an electron have the same mass
a proton has the same quantity of charge as an electron, but an opposite sign
Na belongs to group
alkali metal
which of the following statements correctly describe an element? an element can be broken down into simpler substances an element cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means an elements is a substance elements may consist of atoms or molecules
an element cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means an elements is a substance elements may consist of atoms or molecules
which of the following options correctly describe weight and mass? the mass of an object is the amount of matter it contains the terms "mass" and "weight" have the same meaning the mass of a given object is constant an object's wight is a result of gravitational force the weight of a given object cannot change
an object's wight is a result of gravitational force an object's wight is a result of gravitational force the mass of an object is the amount of matter it contains
symbol z
atomic number: the number of protons in the nucleus
symbol X
atomic symbol: the element symbol found on the periodic table
which of the following statements correctly describe compounds? a.)the components of a compound can be separated physically b.) a compound has a fixed mass ratio of its components c.)a compound is a substance d.) a compound contains atom of elements in fixed proportions e.) the properties of. compound are the same as the properties of its constituent element
bcd
C to K formula
c=k-273
how to write out CO2
carbon dioxide
how to write out CO
carbon monoxide
(physical or chemical change) rusty bicycle
chemical
during a chemical change or reaction, a substance is changed into one or more different substances. the ___________ composition and the physical ____________ of the new substances will be different from those of the original substance
chemical properties
ionic bond
composed of a metal and a non metal
when water changes from solid to liquid the h2o particles present in the solid form becomes h2o particles in the liquid form. there is no change in the chemical _____________ of the substance but the appearance and form of the substance changes this is defined as a ________ change
composition physical
weight
depends on the local gravitational field
Her (diatomic molecule/polyatomic molecule)
diatomic molecule
mass
does not change with location
in naming covalent bonds you
drop the second element and add -ide
a compound consists of atoms of two or more different ____________ that are chemically bonded together. A compound can be separated into simpler substances, a process that involves a(n) ______________ change
elements chemical
a number that is apart of a unit definition has an infinite number of significant figures associated with it and is called _________ number. such numbers do not determine the number of ____________ figures in an answer
exact significant
(t/f) a neutron does not contribute greatly to the mass of an atom
f
(t/f) a neutron has the same charge as a proton
f
(t/f) a proton has a charge with the same sign as an electron, but different quantity of charge
f
(t/f) an electron has a mass that is 2000 times greater than the mass of a proton
f
(t/f) a proton and an electron have the same mass
f a proton has a mass 2000 times greater than the electron
(t/f) atomic mass is measured in grams
false atomic mass Is measured in mass units
Cl belongs to group
halogen
volume
liter
A symbol
mass number: the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
density is defined as the ratio of _______ to ___________ for a substance or sample
mass to volume
(metal/nonmetal) name is first
metal
length
meter
the charge of an ion with more electrons that its neutral atom is
negative
the electron emitted from a cathode ray tube are deflected toward a plate bearing a positive charge. what charge does an electron have? - + neutral
negative
what Roman numeral is Cu^+
none
(metal/nonmetal) name is second
nonmetal
-ide is put on the end of a name when it is a
nonmetal
(physical or chemical change) hammering wood to playhouse
physical
an element is a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ____________ means
physical
C6H12O6 (diatomic molecule/polyatomic molecule)
polyatomic molecule
the chug of an ion with fewer electrons that its neutral atom is
positive
which of the following options correctly describe how to write a symbol for a chemical element? the first letter of an element symbol is derived from its English name. all element symbols have two letters the first letter of an element symbol is always capitalized each element has its own symbol the second letter of an element symbol is always lowercase
the first letter of an element symbol is always capitalized each element has its own symbol the second letter of an element symbol is always lowercase
atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus
mass ins defined as
the quantity of matter in an object
mass number
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Ionic bonds are formed by
transfer of electrons
a conversion factor is a ratio used to express a quantity in different _______ units of measurements. multiplying by a conversion factor is the same as multiplying by ___ because the numerator and denominator are equivalent
units 1
di
2
tetra
4
penta
5
nona
9
homogeneous mixture
A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
heterogeneous mixture
A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture
Hg
Mercury
when adding or subtracting quantities, the answer is rounded so it has the same number of _________________ as the quantity that has the fewest of these. when multiplying or dividing, the answer is rounded to contain the same number of ___________ as the quantity that has the fewest of these significant figures, digits after the decimal digits after the decimal, digits after the decimal digits after the decimal, significant figures significant figures, significant figures
digits after the decimal, significant figures
density=
mass/volume
an atom is composed of a very dense central ____________ containing _____________ which are positively charged and neutrons, which have ________ electrical charge
nucleus protons no
time
seconds
Covalent bonds are
sharing of electrons
volume is the amount of 3D _______ that any sample of matter occupies. the most common scientific units for volume are the liter, symbol _____, and the milliliter, symbol ___
space L mL
sulfur forms an anion in compounds like MgS. the sulfur anion incorrectly named the ____________ ion
sulfide
atomic symbol
the element symbol found on the periodic table
a white solid is mixed with a clear liquid in a beaker. the mixture fizzes, turns green and the beaker feels hot to the touch. what kind of change is occurring this is a chemical change because new substances are being formed that have new physical properties this is a physical change because the color changed and color in a physical property this is a chemical change because an energy change is observed
this is a chemical change because new substances are being formed that have new physical properties
the number 0.025349 rounded to 3 significant figures is 0.0252 0.0254 0.03 0.025 0.0253
0.0253
which of the following is the correct chemical formula for barium hydride? BaH2 HBa BaH H2Ba
BaH2
an ion with more electrons that its neutral atom is called
anion
an ionic compound is composed of which two species?
anions and cations (PAWsitive)
what is a mixture? two or more elements chemically bound in fixed proportions a combination of two or more substances a pure substance that cannot be separated a combination of substances with constant composition
a combination of two or more substances
which of the following statements correctly describe compounds? a compound has a fixed mass ration of its components the properties of a compound are the same as the properties of its constituent elements the components of a compound can be separated physically a compound contains atoms of elements in fixed proportions a compound is a substance
a compound has a fixed mass ration of its components the components of a compound can be separated physically a compound contains atoms of elements in fixed proportions a compound is a substance
which of the following statements correctly describe the 3 states of matter a liquid conforms to the shape of its container a solid has a fixed shape and conforms to the shape of its container a gas conforms to both the shape and the volume of the container its in solids are always rigid and hard a liquid has a fixed volume
a liquid conforms to the shape of its container a gas conforms to both the shape and the volume of the container its in a liquid has a fixed volume
a substance has a uniform composition a substance has the distinct properties only elements can be described as substances the components of a substance can be separated by phycical means a substance has a definite composition
a substance has a uniform composition a substance has the distinct properties a substance has a definite composition
what is a substance? a substance can be categorized as a mixture or an element a substance is a form of matter with a definite composition a substance is always as element a substance is a form or matter that contains a mixture of elements
a substance is a form of matter with a definite composition
which of the following quantities are equivalent to 1 mL? a.) 1x10^(-3)L b.) 1 cm^3 c.)0.001L d.)1000L
abc
which of the following statements correctly describe accuracy and precision? precision is the term used to refer to how close two measurements are to each other precise measurements are always accurate, or close to the true value accurate measurements are always precise accuracy is the term used to compare an experimental results to the "true" or accepted value
accuracy is the term used to compare an experimental results to the "true" or accepted value precision is the term used to refer to how close two measurements are to each other
Ca belongs to group
alkaline earth metals
an ion with fewer electrons that its neutral atom is called
cation
when naming an ionic compounds the ____________ is always named first. to name the anion the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix ________. the anion O^2is therefore named ___________
cation -ide oxide
chemical change
changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition
physical change
changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Changing between states of matte
heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture oil and vinegar dressing
hetero
heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture orange juice with pulp
heterogeneous
a student carried out an experiment using a circular piece of aluminum foil (of known thickness) to determine the value of pie. the accepted value of pie is 3.1416. the students results were 3.6689, 3.6691, 3.6697, 3.6693 select the best statement about this students results in regard to precision and accuracy high precision and low accuracy high precision and high accuracy low precision and low accuracy low precision and high accuracy
high precision and low accuracy -although the results are not close to the accepted value, they are all close to each other these data show high precision but low accuracy
heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture 14-carot gold
homogeneous
heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture store bought milk
homogeneous
when do roman numerals are used
if the cation has more than one possible charge
temperature
kelvin
mass
kilogram
how does a mixture differ from a substance? the components of a mixture can be separated by physicals means the components of a mixture are chemically bonded together the composition of a mixture may vary a substance may be heterogeneous, whereas a mixture can only be homogeneous
the components of a mixture can be separated by physicals means the composition of a mixture may vary a substance may be heterogeneous, whereas a mixture can only be homogeneous
a particular isotope of an element is represented by the symbol 15 7 N. which of the following options correctly interpret the symbol> the element has 15 electrons the element contains 7 protons in its nucleus the atomic number of the element is 15 the element contains 8 neutrons in its nucleus
the element contains 7 protons in its nucleus the element contains 8 neutrons in its nucleus
weight is defined as
the force exerted on or an object by the local gravitational field
which of the following statements describe the chemical formula of ionic compounds correctly? the use of the charges of each ion that make up an ionic. compound must be zero if a compound is made up of a cation with a charge of +1 and an anion with a charge of -2 the chemical formulas for that composed will be AB2 The formulas of ionic compounds are usually empirical formulas if the charges of the ions that make up are equal, a subscript of one is necessary for each elements in the chemical formula
the use of the charges of each ion that make up an ionic. compound must be zero The formulas of ionic compounds are usually empirical formulas
which of the following options correctly describe physical and chemical properties? when a chemical property is observed, the substance being observes is converted to a different substance a physical property can be observed without a chemical reaction a phase change always occurs when a physical property is measured a chemical property can be observed without changing the composition of a substance
when a chemical property is observed, the substance being observes is converted to a different substance a physical property can be observed without a chemical reaction a phase change always occurs when a physical property is measured
a change in temperature may cause a change in the physical state of a substance. which of the following statements describes a physical change resulting from a change in temperature the combustion of gasoline in an automobile produces co2 and h2o when dry ice is warmed to room temp, the solid sublimes to form a vapor ice crystals from on cold surfaces when the temperature of humid air drops below freezing water vapor cools and condenses to produce liquid water
when dry ice is warmed to room temp, the solid sublimes to form a vapor ice crystals from on cold surfaces when the temperature of humid air drops below freezing water vapor cools and condenses to produce liquid water
which of the following statements correctly describe how units are treated in a mathematical calculation if the correct conversion factor is selected no units will cancel when performing a calculation select the conversion factor that cancels out the unwanted unit when solving problems it is unnecessary to track the units
when performing a calculation select the conversion factor that cancels out the unwanted unit