chemistry final exam

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which of the following is an exothermic reaction

C3H8 + 5O2 -------> 3CO2 4H2O; delta H= -2220 kJ

2C6H6 + 15O2 -----> 12CO2 + 6H2O; how many liters would 6 moles of CO2 occupy at STP

134

how many liters of hydrogen react with 2 moles of nitrogen at STP in the following reaction: N2+3H2 ------> 2NH3

134L

what is the percentage composition of Al in the compound Al2(SO4)3

15.8%

in the equation, 2KCl + 3O2 ------> 2KClO3, what mass of potassium chlorate is formed when 10.0 g of potassium chloride react with excess oxygen

16.4 g

a breathing mixture used by deep-sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. what is the partial pressure of O2 if the total pressure is 101.4 kPa, and P(He)= 82.5 kPa and P(CO2)= .4 kPa

18.5 kPa

the specific heat of silver is .24 J/gC. how much heat must be added to a silver block of mass 86 g to raise its temperature by 9.0 degrees celsius

190 J

an air-filled balloon has a volume of 225 L at .94 atm and 25C. soon after, the pressure changes to .99 atm and the temperature changes to 0C. what is the new volume of the balloon

195.72 atm

2P + 3Br2 ------> 2PBr3; what is the molar ratio of phosphorous to phosphorous tribromide

1:1

in the balanced equation: 2H2 + O2 ----> 2H2O

2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen

when a 28.7 g sample of KI dissolves in 60.0 g of water in a calorimeter, the temperature changes from 27.2 celsius to 13.2 celsius. calculate delta H for this process. KI -----> K + I delta H=?

20,328 J

the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure is

22.4 L/mol

2C6H6 + 15O2 -----> 12CO2 + 6H2O; what volume of CO2 will be produced when 128.0 g of C6H6 reacts at STP

220

how many grams of oxygen are there in .882 moles O2

28.2

3CuSO4 + 2Al -----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu; how many grams of copper will be produced from 8.25 grams of Al

29.15

what is the formula mass for BaBr2

297.1 amu

in the equation, 2KCl + 3O2 ------> 2KClO3 what is the molar ratio of potassium chloride to oxygen

2:3

in the reaction that follows, how many moles of copper will be produced from 2 moles Al? 3CuSO4 + 2Al ------> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

3 mol

if 3.0L CH4 are burned according to the equation CH4 + 2O2 ----> CO2 + 2H2O, what volume of carbon dioxide will be produced at STP

3.0L

what is the freezing point depression when 85.3 of oxygen is dissolved in 1500 g of water? k for water is 1.86 C/m

3.3 C

magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following equation: Mg + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2. if .30 mole of Mg reacts, how many molecules of HCl will also react

3.6 x 10^23

the number of atoms in 24 g calcium is

3.6 x 10^23

how many moles of CO2 are found in 83.5L CO2

3.73

how many grams of I2 should be added to 750 g of CCl4 to prepare a .020 m solution

3.8 g

a 10 g mass of krypton occupies 15.0L at a pressure of 210 kPa. find the volume of the krypton when the pressure is increased to 790 kPa

3.987 L

at 25C, .42 mole of argon gas occupies 300 mL. what is the pressure, in atm of the argon gas

34.25 atm

a sample of gas occupies 17 mL at -112 degrees celsius . assuming the pressure is held constant, what volume does the sample occupy at 70 degrees celsius

36 mL

2P + 3Br2 ------> 2PBr3; if the actual yield PBr3 is 30 g, calculate the expected yield

39.47 g

what is the molar mass of NaOH

39.99 g/mol

______CuSO4 + _______Al ------> Al2(SO4)3 + Cu which of the following represents this equation balanced correctly

3CuSO4 + 2Al -----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

according to the equation that follows, how many moles of FeCl3 will be produced from 6 moles of Cl2? 2FeBr3 + 3Cl2 -------> 2FeCl3 + 3Br2

4 mol

what mass of cooper is produced when 3.8 g of iron reacts with excess copper (II) sulfate according to the equation: Fe + CuSO4 ------> FeSO4 + Cu

4.3 g

how many molecules of sucrose (C12H22O11) are there in 250 g of sucrose (C12H22O11)

4.4 x 10^23

what will dissolve the fastest under constant stirring and temperature

5 grams of granular sugar in 400 mL of water

2C6H6 + 15O2 -----> 12CO2 + 6H2O; what is the molar ratio of oxygen to water

5:2

2C6H6 + 15O2 -----> 12CO2 + 6H2O; how many moles of CO2 are produced for every 1 mole of C6H6 reacted

6

how many molecules are there in 1 mole of a compound

6.02 x 10^23

how many molecules of NO2 are found in .116 moles of NO2

6.98 x 10^22

how many grams of N20 are there in 8.21 x 10^23 molecules of N20

60.0

the specific heat of water is 4.184 J/gC. how much heat is required to change the temperature of 5.0 g of water from 21 degrees Celsius to 24 degrees Celsius

62.76 J

a gas with a volume of 4.0 L at a pressure of 205 kPa is allowed to expand to a volume of 12.0 L. what is the pressure in the container if the temperature remains constant

68.3kPa

a chemist purchases a 51.2 L cylinder of methane gas (CH4). at 285K, the pressure inside the cylinder is 1.97 atm. how many grams are in the cylinder

69.15 g

a chemist carries out the reaction of .333 moles of F2 with excess Cl2. at 200.0C and 1.08 atm, what is the maximum volume of ClF3, in liters that the reaction can produce; Cl2 + 3F2 ----> 2ClF3

7.98

a particular reaction is expected to produce 2.6L of oxygen gas. In reality, the reaction only produces 1.9L of oxygen gas. The percent yield of the reaction is

73%

2P + 3Br2 ------> 2PBr3; if the actual yield of PBr3 is 30 g and the expected yield is 39.47, what is the percent yield

76%

how many liters of N2 are found in 3.4 moles of N2

76.16

which of the following is not equivalent to the the remaining three: 760,000 Pa, 760 mm Hg, 1 atm, and 101.3 kPa

760,000 Pa

in the equation, 2KCl + 3O2 ------> 2KClO3, if the actual yield of KClO3 is 12.8 and the expected yield is 16.4, then the percent yield is

78%

the gases CO2, O2, N2, and Kr are mixed in the same container. all of the gases have the same partial pressure and the total amount of pressure of the container is 33,500 Pa. what is the partial pressure of N2

8,375 Pa

a gas has a volume of 590mL at a temperature of -55.0C. what volume will the gas occupy at 30.0C

820.04mL

how much heat is transferred when 100.0 g of (CaO) reacts with Carbon according to the reaction below? CaO + 3C -------> CaC2 + CO; delta H= 464.8 kJ

828.8 kJ

calculate the amount of heat released by the combustion of 1.75 mol of benzene (C6H6); 2C6H6 + 15O2 ------> 12CO2 + 6H2O delta H= -98.0 kJ

85.8 kJ

the equation for synthesis of ammonia is: N2 + 3H2 -------> 2NH3. how many moles of H2 are needed to produce 6 moles of NH3

9

ribosome has a molar mass of 150 g/mol and a chemical composition of 40.0% carbon, 6.67% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen. what is the molecular formula for ribosome

C5H10O5

the chemical formula for carbonic acid is

H2CO3

what is considered the universal solvent

H2O

the chemical formula for phosphoric acid is

H3PO4

the chemical formula for hydrobromic acid is

HBr

what is the empirical formula for a compound which contains 6.5 g potassium, 5.9 g chlorine, 8.0 g oxygen

KClO3

the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is

NaOH

what is the formula for dalton's law of partial pressures

P(total) = P1 + P2 + P3.......

what is the formula for boyle's law

P1V1 = P2V2

what is the formula for the ideal gas law

PV = nRT

what is the formula for charle's law

V1T2 = V2T1

in a ____________ reaction, the energy released when the new bonds are formed is less than the energy required to break the old bonds

endothermic

in a _________________ reaction, heat is pulled from the surroundings into the system

endothermic

in an enthalpy diagram when the diagram rises or the reaction absorbs it is a __________ reaction

endothermic

2C6H6 + 15O2 ----> 12CO2 + 6H2O delta H = -98.0 kJ; when the amount of heat released is 85.8 kJ what is the type of reaction?

exothermic

a ____________ reaction would feel hot to touch

exothermic

in a __________ reaction, heat is released

exothermic

in a ___________ reaction experiences heat as a product

exothermic

in a ___________ reaction experiences heat moving from the system to its surroundings

exothermic

in a ______________ reaction, heat is released because the energy released in the formation of new bonds is greater than the energy needed to break the old bonds

exothermic

in an enthalpy diagram when the diagram goes down or the reaction emitts it is a _________ reaction

exothermic

when air particles are heated they

expand and rise

the amount of product that should be produced by a chemical reaction according to stoichiometric calculations

expected yield

the calculated amount of product that should be produced in a chemical reaction is called

expected yield

the sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a compound as represented in a chemical formula; measured in amu's

formula mass

which would increase the rate at which a solid dissolves in a liquid

grinding the solid into smaller pieces

if the coefficients of a balanced equation are halved, the enthalpy change for the reaction is

halved

in an acidic molecule, the acidic hydrogens

have a slight positive charge

what is the transfer of energy from one object to the next

heat

__________ states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to its partial pressure

henry's law

the name of the acid HCl is

hydrochloric acid

the acid with the formula HI is

hydroiodic acid

an H^+ ion in water is more accurately described as

hydronium ion

this is formed by the addition of a proton to a water molecule; accounts for the properties of acids

hydronium ion

as the temperature of a fixed volume of a gas increases, the pressure will

increase

a substance that changes color at certain pH values and can therefore be used to roughly determine whether a sample is an acid or a base

indicator

hess's law makes it possible to

indirectly determine the enthalpy change of a reaction

if a substance is unable to dissolve in another substance it is considered to be

insoluble

an acid

is an electrolyte

the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction

is completely used up in the reaction

the Ka of a weak acid

is less than 1

the heat absorbed by reactants in an endothermic reaction

is stored in the chemical bonds of the products

if a balloon is squeezed, what happens to the pressure of the gas inside the balloon

it increases

which of the following is the SI unit for energy

joule

which of the following is the SI unit for heat

joule

the dissociation constant for a weak acid is

less than 1

substance that is completely used up in a chemical reaction and that therefore determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed

limiting reactant

the molar mass of a compound depends on the

mass of each element in the compound

to calculate how many liters of oxygen are needed to react with 10.0 grams of potassium chloride, you need to set-up and answer a _________ stoichiometry problem

mixed

the concentration of a solution determined by the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

molality

the mass in grams of one mole of a substance

molar mass

the molecular formula of a compound can be determined by comparing the empirical formula mass with the

molar mass of the compound

the volume of one mole of an ideal gas at stp

molar volume

the concentration of a solution determined by the number of moles of solute per liter of solution

molarity

the quantity of a substance that has a mass in grams numerically equal to its formula mass; equal to 6.02 x 10^23 representative particles

mole

the chemical formula that indicates the numbers of each atom in a molecular compound

molecular formula

in a combustion reaction, the energy released as the products form is

more than the energy required to break apart the reactants

it is possible to convert moles to particles by

multiplying by 6.02 x 10^23

a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that destroys the distinctive properties of both; produces water and a salt

neutralization

the particles on a solution will ________ settle out

never

how many molecules of Mg(OH)2 are found in 76 g Mg(OH)2

none of these

how many moles of H2SO4 are found in in 43.4 g H2SO4

none of these

which is an endothermic reaction: 2C6H6 + 15O2 ----> 12CO2 + 6H20 delta H= -98.0 kJ CaC2 + CO ----> CaO + 3C delta H= -464.8 kJ C3H8 + 5O2 -----> 3CO2 + 4H2O delta H= -2220 kJ

none of these

in terms of dissolving substances, a ________ solvent will dissolve a _______ solute

nonpolar -nonpolar

what does the ideal gas law allow a scientist to calculate that the other gas laws do not?

number of moles

the process dissolving

occurs at the surface of the solid solute and increases with stirring

percent yield is the quantity of product actually produced compared with the quantity

of product expected

H2SO4 is considered to be

oxy

phosphoric acid is considered to be

oxy

H2SO4 is an example of a

oxy acid

in the equation 2KCl + 3O2 ------. 2KClO3, the limiting reactant when 10.0 g of KCl reacts with 4.5 g of O2 is

oxygen

the actual yield divided by the expected yield times 100 percent

percent yield

the ratio of the actual amount of product to the amount of product in a calculated chemical reaction is called the

percent yield

the mass of each in a compound relative to the total mass of the compound; found by dividing the mass of the element by the mass of the compound and multiplying the quotient by 100

percentage composition

stoichiometry problems may involve all of the following except

predicting how fast a reaction will occur

by definition, an Arrhenius acid

produces H^+ ions

by the Arrhenius definition, a base

produces an OH ion in water

the solubility of a gas dissolved in a liquid is not affected by the

rate at which the gas dissolves

an exothermic reaction

releases heat to its surroundings

an ionic compound formed from the anion of an acid and cation of a base; typically a crystalline compound with a high melting point

salt

a chemical reaction between water and the ions of a dissolved salt: may produce an acidic, basic, or neutral solution

salt hydrolysis reaction

the description of a solution that contains as much dissolved solute as it can under existing conditions

saturated

which of the following solutions is an alloy

silver in copper

if a substance is able to dissolve in another substance it is considered to be

soluble

the substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution is known as

solute

the substance that does the dissolving in a reaction is known as the

solvent

the size of a temperature increase in a substance depends primarily upon the

specific heat and mass of the substance

STP stands for

standard, temperature, and pressure

the study of quantitative relationships that can be derived from chemical formulas and equations

stoichiometry

the enthalpy change for a reaction is determined by

subtracting the enthalpy of the reactants from the enthalpy of the products

the name of the acid H2SO4 is

sulfuric acid

this describes a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution

supersaturated

what is a factor in the rate at which a substance dissolves

surface area

which is not a colligative property

temperature

in a laboratory situation, the best way to determine if a substance is an acid or a base is to

test the substance with litmus paper

as temperature of the gas in a balloon decreases, which of the following occurs

the average kinetic energy of the gas decreases

the number of moles of each substance taking part in a chemical reaction is indicated by

the coefficients in the balanced equation

a balanced equation verifies the law of conservation of matter because

the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products

the standard state of an element is defined as

the most form of the element under standard conditions

what happens to the pressure of a gas inside a container if the temperature of the gas decreases

the pressure decreases

why does air escape from a tire when the tire valve is opened

the pressure outside the tire is lower than they pressure inside the tire

if the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container

the pressure will increase

if sun range a has a keq of .67 and substance b has a keq of .92 then

the substances are not dissociating because their keq values are less than 1

what happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed

the temperature increases

which of the following changes would cause a decrease in the pressure of a contained gas

the volume of the container is increased

why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas added to the container

there is an increase in the number of collisions between particles and the walls of the container

which statement about enthalpy is not true

there is generally a very large numerical difference between the energy and the enthalpy of a substance

a strong acid

transfers H^+ to water to form H3O^+

the describes a solution that contains less dissolved solute than it can under existing conditions

unsaturated

which of the following is not a step in solving mass-mass problems

use the mass ratio to determine the grams of the substance sought

which is an example of a polar solvent

water

a gas occupies 900.0 mL at a temperature of 27.0C. what is the volume at 132.0C

1215 mL

1 nutritional Calorie is equivalent to

1000 calories

how many grams of KNO3 should be used to prepare 2.00L of a .500 M solution

101 g

how many grams of ammonia (NH3) are there in 15.8L NH3

12.0

which of the following is the correct formula for calculating percent yield

(actual/expected) x 100

2P + 3Cl2 ------> 2PCl3; delta H= -640 kJ 2P + 5Cl2 ------> 2PCl5; delta H= -886 kJ calculate delta H for the reaction PCl3 + Cl2 -----> PCl5

-123 kJ

how much heat will be released if 9.75 g of aluminum reacts with excess ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) according to the equation: 2Al + 3NH4NO3 ------> 3N2 + 6H2O + Al2O3; delta H= -2030 kJ

-366 kJ

when a 16.9 g sample of NaOH dissolves in 70.0 g of water in a calorimeter, the temperature changes from 22.4 degrees celsius to 86.6 degrees celsius. calculate delta H for this process. NaOH ------> Na + OH delta H= ?

-44.5 kJ

what is the mole fraction of SO2 in an industrial exhaust gas containing 128.0 g of SO2 dissolved in every 1500 g of carbon dioxide

.055

a gas mixture contains the following gases with the mole fractions indicated: N2 (.450), O2 (.334), CO2 (.023), SO2 (.017), and N2O4 (.120). the mixture also contains the gas argon. what is the mole fraction of argon

.056

what is the molarity of a solution in which 10.0 g of AgNO3 is dissolved in 500 mL of solution

.118 M

what is the specific heat of gold if the temperature of an 8.21 g sample of gold is increased by 6.2 Celsius when 6.51 J of heat is added

.13 J/gC

what is the molarity of a .75 L solution containing 9 g of NaCl in water

.21 M

what is the molality of a solution in which 25g of NaCl is dissolved in 2000 g of water

.21 m

a salt shaker filled with 17.0 g sodium chloride contains ___________ mol NaCl

.291

a gas mixture contains 50.4 g of dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) and 65.2 of oxygen gas. what is the mole fraction of N2O

.360

if a gas occupies a volume of 2.4L at 14.1 kPa. what volume will the gas occupy at 84.6 kPa

.4 L

how many moles are there in 22.4L of a gas

1

what is the molarity of a solution in which 58 g of NaCl are dissolved in 1.0 L of solution

1.0 M

3CuSO4 + 2Al -----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu; how many moles of copper will be produced from .75 moles of Al

1.125 mol

how many moles of oxygen are there in 9.25 x 10^23 molecules of O2

1.54

how many moles of Mg are found in 38.6 g of Mg

1.59

what is the boiling point of elevation when 11.4 g of ammonia (NH3) is dissolved in 200 g of water? k for water is .52 C/m

1.7

at 108,231 Pa and 45C, what is the density, in g/L of 1 mole of CO2

1.8 g/L

Ca(OH2) is considered to be

a base

sodium hydroxide is considered to be

a base

the bronsted-Lowry definition for acids and vases states that

a base accepts H^+ ions and a base is a proton acceptor

the reaction of a string acid and weak base in water produces

a slightly acidic salt solution

which is true

a solution that contains electrolytes conducts electricity

HC2H3O2 is the chemical formula for the compound

acetic acid

according to the bronsted-Lowry definition, a compound that donates a proton, or H3O^+ ion

acid

if acid a has a keq of 1.07, acid b has a keq of 1.81, and acid c has a keq of 1.25 which is the strongest

acid b

indicates the strength of an acid; derived from the equilibrium constant for the acids dissociation in water

acid dissociation constant

the salt solution formed from a strong acid and a weak base is

acidic

a hydrogen atom that an acid may lose as an H3O^+ ion

acidic hydrogen

the amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction

actual yield

the particles in a solution

all of these (are small, are evenly distributed, will not separate out of solution)

which are forms of a solution

all of these (lemonade, air, ocean water)

a weak acid

all of these (reacts with water only partially to form H3O^+ ions, has a strong conjugate base, and has a Ka less than 1

in a neutralization reaction

all of these are correct (the base in the reaction is neutralized, the acid in the reaction is neutralized, a salt is formed)

a _______ is a solid solution in which the atoms of two or more metals are uniformly mixed

alloy

a substance that can act as an acid or a base is

amphoteric

the description of any substance that can react as either an acid or a base

amphoteric

the combustion of glucose in your body is

an exothermic reaction

the weighted average of the masses of the existing isotopes of an element

atomic mass

the number of atoms in one mole of an element is equal to

avogadro's number

the number of representative particles in one mole: 6.02 x 10^23

avogadro's number

according to the bronsted-Lowry definition, a compound that accepts a proton, or H3O^+ ion

base

indicates the strength of a base; derived from the equilibrium constant for the base's dissociation in water

base dissociation constant

HCl is considered to be

binary

hydrobromic acid is considered to be

binary

which is an alloy

brass

2P + 3Br2 ------> 2PBr3; if 5 g of phosphorous and 35.0 g of bromine mix, which is the limiting reactant

bromine

Ca(OH2) is the chemical formula for the compound

calcium hydroxide

according to the _________ theory, early scientists thought that heat was a kind of _________

caloric - liquid

Carbonic acid is considered to be

carboxylic

HC2H3O2 is considered to be

carboxylic

an electrolyte

carries an electric current in solution

boiling point elevation is a colligative property that

changes the boiling point of a solution

a strong acid in a water solution is

completely ionized

an acid formed when a Brønsted-Lowry base gains a proton

conjugate acid

a base formed when a Brønsted-Lowry acid loses a proton

conjugate base

a saturated solution

contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved

which are methods for determining the concentration of a solution

determining molarity and determining molality

the chemical formula that gives the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of elements in a compound

empirical formula

CaO + 3C -------> CaC2 + CO; delta H= 464.8 kJ; when the amount of heat transferred is 828.8 kJ what is the type of reaction?

endothermic

a ____________ reaction would feel cold to touch

endothermic

in a ___________ reaction experiences heat is needed to start the reaction

endothermic

in a ___________ reaction, heat is absorbed

endothermic


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