Chemistry Semester 1 stuff
A positively charged particle with mass 1.673 × 10-24 g is a(n) a. proton. c. electron. b. neutron. d. positron.
a
All of the following are examples of units except a. mass. c. gram. b. kilometer. d. ounce.
a
An atom is a. the smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical identity. b. the smallest unit of a compound. c. always made of carbon. d. smaller than an electron.
a
As it travels through space, electromagnetic radiation a. exhibits wavelike behavior. c. varies in speed. b. loses energy. d. releases photons.
a
Chlorine has atomic number 17 and mass number 35. It has a. 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons. b. 35 protons, 35 electrons, and 17 neutrons. c. 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 52 neutrons. d. 18 protons, 18 electrons, and 17 neutrons.
a
How many electrons can occupy the s orbitals at each energy level? a. two, if they have opposite spins b. two, if they have the same spin c. one d. no more than eight
a
Noble gases are in Group 18, and are best known because they are a. unreactive. c. rare. b. excellent conductors. d. lanthanides.
a
The idea of arranging the elements in the periodic table according to their chemical and physical properties is attributed to a. Mendeleev. c. Bohr. b. Moseley. d. Ramsay.
a
The main energy level that can hold only two electrons is the a. first. c. third. b. second. d. fourth.
a
The person whose work led to a periodic table based on increasing atomic number was a. Moseley. c. Rutherford. b. Mendeleev. d. Cannizzaro.
a
0.25 g is equivalent to a. 250 kg. c. 0.025 mg. b. 250 mg. d. 0.025 kg.
b
A line spectrum is produced when an electron moves from one energy level a. to a higher energy level. b. to a lower energy level. c. into the nucleus. d. to another position in the same sublevel.
b
A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a(n) a. nuclide. c. electron. b. neutron. d. isotope.
b
A single orbital in the 3d level can hold ____ electrons. a. 10 c. 3 b. 2 d. 6
b
A state of matter in which a material has no definite shape but has a definite volume is the ____ state. a. gas c. plasma b. liquid d. solid
b
Argon, krypton, and xenon are a. alkaline earth metals. c. actinides. b. noble gases. d. lanthanides.
b
Biochemistry is the study of a. properties, changes, and relationships between energy and matter. b. the chemistry of living things. c. crystals and minerals. d. carbon-containing compounds.
b
How many electrons are needed to completely fill the fourth energy level? a. 8 c. 32 b. 18 d. 40
b
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different a. principal chemical properties. c. numbers of protons. b. masses. d. numbers of electrons.
b
Matter includes all of the following except a. air. c. smoke. b. light. d. water vapor.
b
The distance between two successive peaks on adjacent waves is its a. frequency. c. quantum number. b. wavelength. d. velocity.
b
The periodic law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic a. masses. c. radii. b. numbers. d. charges.
b
The product of the frequency and the wavelength of a wave equals the a. number of waves passing a point in a second. b. speed of the wave. c. distance between wave crests. d. time for one full wave to pass.
b
The statement that an electron occupies the lowest available energy orbital is a. Hund's rule. c. Bohr's law. b. the Aufbau principle. d. the Pauli exclusion principle.
b
The two most important properties of all matter are a. the ability to carry an electric current well and to hold electric charge. b. taking up space and having mass. c. being brittle and hard. d. being malleable and ductile.
b
Which model of the atom explains the orbitals of electrons as waves? a. the Bohr model c. Rutherford's model b. the quantum model d. Planck's theory
b
Which of the following is not part of Dalton's atomic theory? a. Atoms cannot be divided, created, or destroyed. b. The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number. c. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged. d. All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
b
According to Dalton's atomic theory, atoms a. are destroyed in chemical reactions. b. can be divided. c. of each element are identical in size, mass, and other properties. d. of different elements cannot combine.
c
All of the following are steps in the scientific method except a. observing and recording data. b. forming a hypothesis. c. discarding data inconsistent with the hypothesis. d. developing a model based on experimental results.
c
How many more electrons are needed to completely fill the third main energy level if it already contains 8 electrons? a. 0 c. 10 b. 8 d. 22
c
How many orbitals can exist at the third main energy level? a. 3 c. 9 b. 6 d. 18
c
How much greater is the atomic number of the fourth element in groups 1, 2 and 18 than the preceding element? a. 3 c. 18 b. 4 d. 20
c
If the third main energy level contains 15 electrons, how many more could it possibly hold? a. 0 c. 3 b. 1 d. 17
c
The atomic number of lithium, the first element in Group 1, is 3. The atomic number of the second element in this group is a. 4. c. 11. b. 10. d. 18.
c
The atomic number of neon is 10. The atomic number of calcium is 20. Compared with a mole of neon, a mole of calcium contains a. twice as many atoms. c. an equal number of atoms. b. half as many atoms. d. 20 times as many atoms.
c
The number of grams equal to 0.5 kg is a. 0.0005. c. 500. b. 0.005. d. 5000.
c
The number of orbitals for the d sublevel is a. 1. c. 5. b. 3. d. 7.
c
The total number of orbitals that can exist at the second main energy level is a. 2. c. 4. b. 3. d. 8.
c
The unit m3 measures a. length. c. volume. b. area. d. time.
c
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called a. periods. c. groups. b. rows. d. elements.
c
What are the radioactive elements with atomic numbers from 90 to 103 called? a. the noble gases c. the actinides b. the lanthanides d. the rare-earth elements
c
Which of these metric units is used to measure mass? a. m c. g b. mm d. L
c
"Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin" is a statement of a. the Pauli exclusion principle. c. the quantum effect. b. the Aufbau principle. d. Hund's rule.
d
0.05 cm is the same as a. 0.000 05 m. c. 0.05 m. b. 0.005 mm. d. 0.5 mm.
d
100 milliliters is equivalent to a. 1 hectoliter. c. 1 centiliter. b. 1 microliter. d. 1 deciliter.
d
A chemical change occurs when a. dissolved minerals solidify to form a crystal. b. ethanol is purified through distillation. c. salt deposits form from evaporated seawater. d. a leaf changes color in the fall.
d
A measure of the quantity of matter is a. density. c. volume. b. weight. d. mass.
d
A physical change occurs when a a. peach spoils. b. silver bowl tarnishes. c. bracelet turns your wrist green. d. glue gun melts a glue stick.
d
According to the law of definite proportions, any two samples of KCl have a. the same mass. c. the same melting point. b. slightly different molecular structures. d. the same ratio of elements.
d
Experiments with cathode rays led to the discovery of the a. proton. c. neutron. b. nucleus. d. electron.
d
Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen, both colorless gases, form a red-brown gas when mixed. Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen are called the a. products. c. synthetics. b. equilibria. d. reactants.
d
Organic chemistry is the study of a. properties, changes, and relationships between energy and matter. b. the chemistry of living things. c. crystals and minerals. d. carbon-containing compounds.
d
The Bohr model of the atom was an attempt to explain hydrogen's a. density. c. mass. b. flammability. d. line-emission spectrum.
d
The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called a. actinides. c. elements. b. families. d. periods.
d
The nucleus of an atom has all of the following characteristics except that it a. is positively charged. b. is very dense. c. contains nearly all of the atom's mass. d. contains nearly all of the atom's volume.
d
The quantity of matter per unit volume is a. mass. c. inertia. b. weight. d. density.
d
The symbols for units of length in order from largest to smallest are a. m, cm, mm, km. c. km, mm, cm, m. b. mm, m, cm, km. d. km, m, cm, mm.
d
The wave model of light does not explain a. the frequency of light. c. interference. b. the continuous spectrum. d. the photoelectric effect.
d
Which of the following observations is qualitative? a. A chemical reaction was complete in 2.3 seconds. b. The solid had a mass of 23.4 grams. c. The pH of a liquid was 5. d. Salt crystals formed as the liquid evaporated.
d
The period of an element can be determined from its a. reactivity. c. symbol. b. density. d. electron configuration.
d electron configuration