Chemistry Unit 10 Review (Pakkala)
Gas pressure is caused by the _____________ of gas particles with each other.
collison
Kinetic energy is the energy of _____________.
Motion
Avogadro's law (might want to put on your notecard)
No Vn = Nn Vo
Example: At what pressure would 0.212 mol of a gas occupy 6.84L at 89°C?
P= 0.92 atm
Ideal Gas Law (might want to put on your notecard)
PV = NRT
Example: A gas has a pressure of 103kPa at 25°C. What will the pressure be when the temperature reaches 928°C?
Pn= 420 kPa
Example: A gas occupies 3.78L at 529mmHg and 17.2°C. At what pressure would the volume of the gas be 4.54L if the temperature is increased to 34.8°C?
Pn= 467 mmHg
Gay-Lussac's Law (might want to put on your notecard)
Po Tn = Pn To
A ____________ is a device used to measure atmospheric pressure.
barometer
Example: A balloon holds 3.30L of gas at 293K and 1.00 atm. How many moles of gas are in the balloon?
0.137 mol
Example: 21.8g of CO2 gas are in a rigid 49.0L container at 0°C. What is the pressure of the gas?
0.227 atm
Example: A sample of gas in an expandable chamber is at 1.2atm and is 10.0L. The chamber's volume changes to 19.5L. What is the final pressure of the gas?
0.615 atm
Example: A sample of gas initially at 0.500atm and 15.0L is compressed to occupy 8.50L. What is the final pressure of the gas?
0.882 atm
Example: A container occupies 4.90L. It holds 0.310mol of gas at 22°C. What is the pressure of the gas?
1.53 atm
Example: A container of gas is at STP. Its temperature is raised to 241°C and its volume is held constant. What was the final pressure of the gas?
1.88 atm
Example: A rigid canister containing a gas at 15.0°C and 1.70atm is heated to 60.0°C. What was the final pressure of the gas?
1.97 atm
pressure equivalences (might want to put on your notecard): 1 atm = ______ K Pa = _____ mmHg
101.3; 760
Example: A sample of carbon dioxide gas contains 2.52mol of CO2. How many grams of CO2 are in the sample?
111 g
Example: A container holds 7.60mol of gas at STP. What is the volume of the gas?
170 L
Example: A balloon is at 12°C and occupies 2.0L. The temperature increases to 51.0°C and pressure stays constant. What is the final volume of the balloon?
2.27 L
Example: A 2.00 mol sample of oxygen gas occupies 37.4L at 1.00atm. What is the temperature of the gas?
228 K
Example: A balloon is 2.00L at 286K and 1.10 atm. It floats high up in the air where pressure is 0.800 atm. The final volume of the balloon is 2.40L. What is the temperature at the balloon's final location?
250 K
STP is equal to ___________ K and _____________ K Pa
273; 101.3
Example: Room temperature is 25°C. What is this in Kelvin?
298 K
Example: A rigid container of helium gas initially at 278K is left outside in the sunshine. The pressure inside the container was initially 0.580atm and changed to 0.630atm. What was the final temperature of the gas? Record your answer in Kelvin.
302 K
Example: A flexible container of gas is at 110°C. The container is heated to 450°C and its final volume is 60.0L. The pressure remains constant. What was the initial volume of the gas?
31.8 L
Example: A flexible container of gas initially occupies 15.5L at 30°C and 1.20atm. The pressure is increased to 4.50atm and the temperature changes to 40°C. What is the final volume of the gas?
4.27 L
Example: The pressure inside a balloon is 4.17atm, how many kPa is this?
422 kPa
150℃ is equal to _________ K.
423
Example: A flexible container of gas is at 0.700atm and 324K. The conditions change to STP, and the final volume of the container is 34.7L. What was the initial volume?
58.8 L
Standard pressure is equal to ________________ mm Hg.
760
Example: 0.900mol of gas are in a flexible container at 2.40atm and 284K. What is the volume of the gas?
8.74 L
Example: A flexible container holds 2.10mol of gas and occupies 11.5L. Some air is removed from the container and there are now 1.80mol of gas in the container. Assume pressure remains constant. What is the final volume?
9.86 L
Example: A chamber contains 26.5L of gas at 3.0atm. The pressure is increased to 8.00atm. What is the final volume of the gas?
9.94 L
Example: A flexible container holds a gas. Initially the gas is 1.00L and 253K. The container is heated and the volume changes to 3.80L. The pressure remains constant. What is the final temperature of the gas?
961 K
Temperature conversion (might want to put on your notecard): __ = __ + 273
K; C
The ____________ theory says that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
Kinetic
Example: At what temperature would 52.3g of methane (CH4) gas occupy 65.7L at 184kPa?
T= 447 K
Example: A flexible container holds 2.40 mol of gas and occupies 18.5 L. Some of the gas is removed from the container which results in only 1.9 mol of gas. What is the new volume of the gas?
Vn= 14.6 L
Example: A gas has a volume of 30.0L at 150 kPa. What is the volume of the gas at 0.252 atm?
Vn= 180L
Example: A gas has a volume of 4.0L at 27°C. What is its volume at 153°C?
Vn= 5.7 L
Boyles Law (might want to put on your notecard).
Vo Po = Vn Pn
The combined gas law (might want to put on your notecard)
Vo Po Tn = Vn Pn To
Charles's Law (might want to put on your notecard)
Vo Tn = Vn To
Collisions between gas particles are ___________, meaning no kinetic energy is lost during the transfer.
elastic
When gas particles collide, no ______________ is lost.
energy
In the gas state there is ______________ volume and ______________ shape.
indefinite; indefinite
Gas particles are assumed to have _________________ volume because the particles are very tiny and far away from each other.
insignificant
At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is ______________.
lower
Gas particles have ________ attractive forces between them.
no
The movement of gas particles can be described as a __________ ____________, meaning that the particles move in a straight line, collide and change directions.
random walk
Absolute zero is the temperature at which all motion ____________.
stops
In a vacuum, the gas pressure would be ______________.
zero
Absolute zero is equal to ____________________.
zero k
