Children EAQs

What does the nurse state the average weight of a preschooler at the age of 5 years old?

41 pounds (18.59 kg)

What is female athlete triad?

Amenorrhea, an eating disorder, and osteoporosis

A child is found to be allergic to dust. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the parents. What should the nurse include in the plan?

Damp-dusting the house will help limit dust particles in the air.

What are the manifestations of hypoestrogenism? Select all that apply.

Hot flashes Amenorrhea Reduced bone density

Which fine motor skill lacking in a 6-month-old infant would cause the nurse concern?

Inability to hold a bottle

What is the priority nursing intervention for an infant with a myelomeningocele before surgical correction?

Preventing trauma to the sac

Which of these behaviors does an adolescent exhibit?

Synchronization of moral skills

Which drug used to treat syphilis is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Tetracycline

What is true about the effect of grief and loss in toddlers?

They express a sense of change in sleeping

How do adolescents establish health identity during psychosocial development? Select all that apply.

-By evaluating their own health with a feeling of well-being -By having the ability to function normally in the absence of any disease or infirmity

When is the most appropriate time for the nurse to plan for chest percussion and postural drainage for a toddler with cystic fibrosis?

1 hr before meals

A mother needs to get her blood pressure (BP) checked, but her 4-year-old child is interfering in the process. What should the nurse do to gain the child's cooperation?

Allow the child to manipulate the instrument

Which is a particular source of stress in 4-year-olds?

Attention

The student nurse is learning about the pathophysiology of lead poisoning in children. Where in the body does lead ultimately settle, remaining inert and in storage?

Bones & Teeth

One principle to be followed for children with type 1 diabetes is to provide for the variability of the child's activity. What should the nurse teach the child about how to compensate for increased physical activity?

Eat more food when planning to exercise more than usual

Which are clinical manifestations the nurse would anticipate when providing care to a toddler-age client who is diagnosed with acute lead poisoning? Select all that apply.

Emesis Nausea Anorexia Hypophosphatemia

Arrange the stages of the menstrual cycle in sequential order.

Follicular phase Ovulation Follicular involution Feedback mechanism

A school age child with a mild concussion and is being discharged home after 48 hours in the hospital. The parent is instructed to check the child for responsiveness every 2 hours and to be sure to awaken the child for this assessment when sleeping. The parent calls the nurse and reports being afraid to allow the child to sleep. How should the nurse respond?

Go to the nearest hospital if the child becomes difficult to arouse

What drugs are used to induce abortion in an adolescent? Select all that apply.

Misoprostol Mifepristone Methotrexate

A 3-month-old infant has a ventriculoperitoneal shunt inserted. What should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?

Teaching the parents signs of increased intracranial pressure

Which nursing action is appropriate when assessing the mental development of a 6-year-old client?

Asking the child to count 13 pennies

A 5-year-old child with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. The parents ask the nurse why this test is being done. While formulating a reply, what does the nurse recall is the function of the test?

Identifies the specific location of the defect

An 18-year-old adolescent who was diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus has stress and reports not having a menstrual cycle for a long time. Which condition is the adolescent experiencing?

Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea

An adolescent with terminal cancer tells the home care nurse, "I'd really like to get my general education development (GED) certificate. Do you think that's possible?" What is the best approach for the nurse to take in response to the adolescent's question?

Arranging a conference with the school and encouraging the adolescent to prepare for the test

According to Piaget's theory, which of these is true about the period of formal operations? Select all that apply.

Children have the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities Children have a belief that their actions are scrutinized by imaginary audience.

A physician orders a nucleic acid amplified test for an adolescent client who sustained a sexual assault. Which infections can be diagnosed with this test? Select all that apply.

Chlamydia Gonorrhea

An 8-year-old boy who has been undergoing chemotherapy will soon return to school after a prolonged absence. What should the school nurse do to help prepare the class for his return to school?

Initiate a general discussion with the students about cancer, its treatments, and the side effects of chemotherapy.

Laboratory studies reveal that a pregnant client's blood type is O and she is Rh-positive. Problems related to incompatibility may develop in her infant if the infant is what?

Type A or B

pregnant adolescent seeks treatment for blackheads. Which drug would be safe for the adolescent?

Clindamycin

What concept of death should a nurse expect a 4-year-old child to have?

Reversible separation

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which stage is a part of conventional reasoning?

Society-maintaining orientation

An adolescent visits the allergy clinic because of seasonal environmental allergies, and blood is drawn for testing. Which laboratory finding indicates to the nurse that an allergic response is in progress?

eosinophil

Which Korotkoff sound represents the diastolic blood pressure in toddlers?

fourth

Which method of contraception may provide adolescents with the longest duration of protection?

levonorgestrel intrauterine system

During which week of pregnancy does placental development occur?

third

An adolescent who has just been found to have type 1 diabetes asks a nurse about exercise. What is the best response by the nurse?

"Extra snacks are needed before exercise."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-year-old child what to expect for the child's physical and motor growth. Which parental statement indicates the need for further education?

"Finger feeding is abnormal and would indicate the need for intervention."

The nurse observes that a school-age child does not have proper oral hygiene and therefore is at an increased risk for oral problems. The parents tell the nurse that the child brushes the teeth independently. What does the nurse suggest to the parents?

"Help the child with brushing and flossing."

A male client with cystic fibrosis becomes romantically involved with a woman with the same disorder. He asks the nurse about the chances of having an affected child like himself. How should the nurse respond?

"Men with cystic fibrosis may not be able to father children."

Which client is at the greatest risk for a postpartum infection?

A woman who required catheterization after voiding less than 75 mL

Which are barrier methods of contraception? Select all that apply.

Condom Lea's shield Diaphragm

A female adolescent reports excessive hair growth in the pubic region and under the arms. What may be responsible for these changes?

High levels of estrogen

What over-the-counter drugs are used to treat vulvovaginal candidiases? Select all that apply.

Miconazole Clotrimazole

An 8-month-old infant undergoes surgical correction for hypospadias. What is a priority nursing intervention during the postoperative period?

Minimizing pain with adequate analgesia

An obese adolescent who has short stature and is hyperphagic is diagnosed with hypogonadism. Which congenital disorder may be present in this adolescent?

PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME

What are the treatment goals in anorexia nervosa? Select all that apply.

The repairing of family interactions The reinstitution of normal nutrition to counteract a state of malnutrition The correction of deficits and distortions in psychological functioning via psychotherapy

After a teaching session a nurse determines that an adolescent with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes has sufficient knowledge of the disorder. What is the next nursing action?

Setting goals with the client

What steps should the nurse take for managing an adolescent that sustained drug poisoning? Select all that apply.

Turn the head of the client to the side. Empty the mouth to clean the residue of the drug. Call local poison control center before any intervention.

Which findings about spiritual development in a 5-year-old child are appropriate? Select all that apply.

The child thinks God as an imaginary friend. The child thinks that one becomes ill because of some wrongdoing. The child learns from concrete representations of religious practices, such as picture books and small statues

A nurse working the 7 am to 3 pm shift is caring for a 14-year-old adolescent for whom intake and output are being monitored. The primary healthcare provider prescribes an intravenous infusion to be administered at a rate of 50 mL/hr. The adolescent had 4 oz (120 mL) of milk and a muffin for breakfast at 8:30 am. At 9 am the adolescent vomited 200 mL. At 10 am the adolescent had 60 mL of water with medications. At 11 am the adolescent voided 550 mL of urine. For lunch, at 12:30 pm, the adolescent ate 3 oz (90 mL) of soup and 4 oz (120 mL) of ice cream. The adolescent voided 450 mL at 2 pm. Calculate the adolescent's total intake for the 7 am to 3 pm shift. Record your answer using a whole number. _____ mL

The client had 120 mL of milk (1 oz = 30 mL) at 8:30 am, 60 mL of water with medications at 10 am, 90 mL of soup at 12:30 pm, 120 mL of ice cream at 12:30 pm (counted as a liquid—it melts at room temperature), and 400 mL of IV fluid (50 mL × 8 hours = 400) for a total intake of 790 mL. Do not include the client's emesis or urine in the intake.

While questioning a rape victim, the nurse discovers that the victim does not remember anything related to the assault. Of the following, which is the most probable cause of the victim's memory loss?

The rape victim was drugged with flunitrazepam.

Which intervention would reduce the risk of perinatal transmission via vaginal birth in an adolescent who is diagnosed with HIV infection?

Using antiretroviral during the intrapartum perio

A nurse instructs the parents of an adolescent with asthma how to reduce the allergens in the child's bedroom. The mother tells the nurse what she plans to do to make the room hypoallergenic. Which idea indicates that further teaching is needed?

Using flat outdoor carpeting to cover hardwood floors

Which statement about varicocele is true?

Varicocele occurs most often on the left side

What is the nurse's most critical assessment for a client with preeclampsia during the immediate postpartum period?

Vital signs

What is the maximum recommended dose of an intramuscular injection in a toddler?

1 mL

If hearing loss is detected early, proper intervention can help a child achieve normal language development. What is the latest age that hearing loss should be detected to ensure that a child achieves normal language development? Record your answer using a whole number. ______________ months

3

What are the medical concerns in adolescent pregnancies? Select all that apply.

Anemia Poor maternal weight gain Pregnancy-induced hypertension

Which techniques would the nurse use when assessing a preschool-age child? Select all that apply.

Asking questions directly to the child Asking the child to sit on the examination table Having the child undress leaving on the undergarments Asking the child when he or she would like to have the head, eye, and ear assessment done

What size of induration after a tuberculin test signifies a positive result in a 16-year-old client? Record your answer using a whole number. _________________ mm

Bilateral or unilateral enlargement of breast in adolescent boys An unusual physical change during the growth and development of sexual organs

The nurse finds that an adolescent has episodes of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting and strenuous exercise. Which condition is the adolescent likely to have? Correct

Bulimia

How do adolescents establish health identity during psychosocial development?

By evaluating their own health with feelings of well-being

What is the best method for the nurse to teach a 4-year-old child about deep breathing before surgery?

Having the child practice using an incentive spirometer

According to the Erikson's theory, which stage describes the will of an adolescent to achieve a goal?

Identity versus role confusion

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the parents of a child with celiac disease. What information on the basic problem in celiac disease does the nurse include?

Intolerance to gluten

Which of these features are exhibited by an adolescent? Select all that apply.

Invulnerability Personal fable

Which type of language development is seen in 4-year-olds?

Knows simple songs

A client at 16-weeks' gestation calls the nurse at the prenatal clinic and states that her partner just told her that he has genital herpes. What should the nurse include when teaching the client regarding sexual activity?

Latex or polyurethane condoms must be used when the couple is having intercourse.

Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for a toddler-age client who follows a vegetarian or vegan diet?

Monitoring for hemoglobin and hematocrit

Who completes the developmental questionnaire for a pediatric client who is being assessed using the Developmental (ASQ-3) screening?

Parent

Which is the preferred drug of choice for the treatment of syphilis in a pregnant adolescent?

Penicillin G

Pain usually begins at the onset of menstruation and lasts for 8 to 48 hours

Period IV

What toys should a nurse offer a young toddler during hospitalization? Select all that apply.

Pounding toy Carton of clay

How is the teaching method for a preschooler different from that for a toddler?

Preschoolers are encouraged to learn together

A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with cerebral palsy how to provide optimal care. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Preserving muscle tone to prevent joint contractures

The nurse is assessing a pregnant 16-year-old client. Which factors should the nurse consider when developing a plan of care to promote a healthy outcome for this client's pregnancy? Select all that apply.

Risk of alcohol and drug abuse Inadequate nutritional choices Immature reproductive system Underdeveloped musculoskeletal system

Which test is used to diagnose trichomoniasis?

Saline wet smear test

An adolescent tries dangerous stunts on a bike without fearing that this activity could result in life-threatening injury. Which characteristic does this signify?

Sense of invulnerability

The parents of a preterm newborn visit the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for the first time. They are obviously overwhelmed by the amount of equipment and the tininess of their baby. What is the nurse's most appropriate response to their reaction?

Showing the parents how to touch the baby

What would the nurse instruct the parent to refrain from doing if a 4-year-old child has nightmares on a routine basis?

Sleeping with the child

At which stage of Kohlberg's theory does an individual show societal concerns?

Stage IV

What are the greatest risks for injury for an adolescent? Select all that apply.

Substance abuse Automobile accidents

What are the greatest risks for injury among adolescents? Select all that apply.

Suicide Substance abuse Automobile accidents

A neonate with an imperforate anus undergoes a colostomy. In which positions should the nurse place the infant during the postoperative period? Select all that apply.

Supine with head of crib elevated Side-lying with head of crib elevated

A school nurse is planning a class on injury prevention for a group of high school students. What guidelines should the nurse include? Select all that apply. Correct

Swim with a buddy. Use well-traveled walkways. Refuse to play "chicken" with others.

What sexually transmitted diseases are caused by bacteria? Select all that apply.

Syphilis Gonorrhea

What gross motor skill is found in children between two to four months of age?

The child can bear weight on forearms when prone.

Which type of prehension is exhibited by a 5-month-old infant?

The grasp is palmar

What characteristics develop in an adolescent according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development? Select all that apply.

The individual is able to understand the process of reversibility. The individual develops the ability to reason with respect to possibilities The individual demonstrates feelings and behaviors characterized by self-consciousness.

A registered nurse is teaching a client regarding preventive measures for genital tract infections. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further education? Select all that apply.

"I should take frequent bubble baths." "I should decrease the use of dietary sugar." "I should choose hosiery with a nylon crotch." "I should use colored and scented toilet tissues."

What is the maximum recommended intramuscular dose for medications in preschoolers?

1 mL

At what age, the pubertal growth spurt reaches its peak in males?

14 years

What is the minimum respiratory rate in a normal adolescent? Record your answer using a whole number. _____________________ breaths/minute

16

A 20-year-old woman is known to be heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene. Her husband's genotype is unknown at present, and the couple is expecting their first child. What should the nurse tell the couple about the probability of their baby having CF? Correct

25% or less

At what age does an infant achieve permanent eye color?

6 to 12 months

A primary healthcare provider prescribes medications to four different clients with vaginal infections. Which client would benefit from clotrimazole?

A client with candidiasis

A nurse is obtaining a health history from the mother of a 2-month-old infant with a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). What is the most significant finding about the cause of the infant's HPS?

A first cousin underwent surgery for HPS.

The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected vaginal infection. The whiff test elicits a fishy odor from the sample. What condition may be present in the client?

Bacterial vaginosis

Which medication is the first-line treatment for acne in adolescents?

Benzoyl peroxide

Which characteristic change is observed during late adolescence stage?

Develops adult relationships

The nurse is providing care to a client with preeclampsia who is receiving magnesium sulfate 2 g/hr. The nurse receives a call from the laboratory technician indicating that the client has a magnesium level of 6.4 mEq/L (0.30 mmol/L). What is the next nursing action?

Documenting the level in the client's electronic medical record

An adolescent reports scrotal pain, redness, dysuria, and fever. Which condition does this adolescent have?

Epididymitis

A client with preeclampsia is admitted to the labor and birthing suite. Her blood pressure is 130/90 mm Hg, and she has 2+ protein in her urine along with edema of the hands and face. Which signs or symptoms would the client display if she were developing hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP syndrome)? Select all that apply. Correct

Headache Abdominal pain Flulike symptoms

A young child is found to have leukemia. In addition to systemic chemotherapy, the practitioner prescribes cranial radiation as part of the therapeutic regimen. The nurse explains to the parents that cranial radiation is used to treat leukemia because it does what?

Helps prevent central nervous system involvement

What is the most major cause of acne in adolescent women?

Hormonal imbalance

What signs and symptoms of withdrawal does the nurse identify in a postpartum client who has a history of opioid abuse?

Irritability and muscle tremors

A nursing instructor is explaining to a group of nursing students that preschoolers often exhibit the Electra complex during their psychosocial development. At which stage of Freud's theory is the Electra complex seen?

Phallic stage

Which side effects are associated with systemic antibiotic therapy for acne in adolescents? Select all that apply.

Photosensitivity Vaginal candidiasis

Which fine motor skill should be seen in a 10-month-old infant?

Picking up finger foods

Which is the priority nursing action to facilitate growth and development when providing care to a pediatric client who is diagnosed with a chronic illness?

Planning activities to promote progression from one stage of development to the next

A young pregnant adolescent is diagnosed as having bacterial vaginosis. What further complications related to bacterial vaginosis may occur during pregnancy? Select all that apply.

Preterm labor and birth Intraamniotic infection Postpartum endometritis

A 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome is being treated with corticosteroid therapy. While evaluating lab values and the intake and output results, the nurse expects to note a decrease in what?

Proteinuria

While assessing the development of an 8-month-old infant, the nurse finds that the infant is interested in playing with food, water, and sand. Which type of content play interests the child?

Sense-pleasure

Which formula is most preferable for a child who has lactose intolerance

Soy based

The nurse is assessing her assignment of four postpartum clients. Which conditions increase the risk for postpartum hemorrhage? Select all that apply. Correct

Twin birth Overdistended bladder Retained placental fragments

An adolescent girl who participated in unprotected intercourse requires an emergency contraception. Which drugs could be prescribed? Select all that apply.

Uliprestel Levonorgestrel

Which characteristic does the nurse anticipate finding in the newborn of a mother with diabetes?

flushed skin

Which herbal therapies can be recommended to a client with breast pain? Select all that app

Chamomile Bugleweed Chaste tree fruit

What are the pathophysiologic factors of acne? Select all that apply.

Comedogenesis Production of excessive sebum Alteration in follicular growth Colonization of Propionibacterium acnes

The nurse is teaching an 18-year-old athlete about measures to reverse amenorrhea. Which statements made by the adolescent indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.

"I will increase my food intake." "I will perform weight training exercises."

A 10-year-old child who has head lice tells the school nurse, "I'm mad because my mother said I got lice because I don't keep myself clean." What will the nurse say to the child to initiate therapeutic communication about this subject?

"It sounds as if you feel that your mother is putting you down."

The parents of a 2-year-old child tell the nurse that they are having difficulty disciplining their child. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Tell me more about your difficulty. I'm not sure what you mean."

A 2½-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with deep partial-thickness burns involving the face and chest. The nurse bases a plan of care on concerns related to the child's injury. Place the following concerns in their order of importance.

.Impaired gas exchange .Disturbed fluid balance .Presence of pain .Potential for infection .Compromised body image

When assessing a newly admitted primigravida in labor, a nurse determines that the fetal heartbeat is loudest in the upper left quadrant. What fetal position does the nurse identify?

Left sacral anterior

A mother reports feeding her infant immediately before arriving in the emergency department. After completing the assessment, the nurse reports which finding immediately to the primary healthcare provider because it likely indicates pyloric stenosis?

Peristaltic waves that traverse the epigastrium

A nurse determines that a newborn is suffering from respiratory distress. Which visible signs confirm this assessment? Select all that apply.

Cyanosis Tachypnea Retractions

A nurse is preparing a premenopausal client for a hysterectomy. What should the preoperative teaching include?

Cyclic oscillation of hormones between the hypophysis and the ovaries continues.

An adolescent child is in the terminal stage of cancer. The parents ask how they will know when death is imminent. The nurse discusses the physical manifestations with the parents. What are the signs and symptoms of approaching death? Select all that apply.

Decreased thirst Weak pulse Increased pulse rate Difficulty swallowing Loss of bladder control

A school-aged child with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the pediatric unit in a vaso-occlusive crisis. The nurse's priority is to relieve the excruciating pain. Which interventions would be implemented after the pain is under control? Select all that apply.

Deliver rehydration Promote rest

A 14-year-old adolescent is severely injured in a motor vehicle collision. There are multiple fractures, contusions, and muscle spasms, causing the teenager to refuse to move. How can the nurse best support the adolescent and encourage movement?

Encouraging decision-making regarding care

Which nursing interventions help the toddler diagnosed with a chronic illness to meet the developmental expectation of autonomy? Select all that apply.

Encouraging self-feeding Allowing independence with dressing

According to Erikson's theory, which of these actions can predispose an adolescent to being in a state of confusion?

If an adolescent fails to establish a sense of identity

An 18-year-old adolescent male complains of painful urination and yellow-green mucosal discharge from urethra not associated with abdominal pain. What condition is the client likely to have?

Epididymitis

nurse is teaching an adolescent with a sprained ankle how to use one crutch when walking. What statement indicates that no further teaching is necessary?

"I should use the crutch on the side of my good ankle."

A nurse is educating a parent about language and psychosocial development in toddlers. Which statement made by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

"I should use the television for language and knowledge development."

Which question should the nurse ask the parents of a 3-year-old client to assess gross motor skills?

"Is your child able to ride a tricycle?"

A nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant who has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a tentative diagnosis of meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed. What does the nurse explain to the parents is the primary reason this procedure is performed?

To determine the causative agent

A client with a history of three spontaneous abortions is now at 16 weeks' gestation and attending the high-risk prenatal clinic. She expresses concerns about remaining at home during this pregnancy. Which questions will elicit responses most helpful to the nurse developing the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

"Do you have a support system available to help you?" "Have you been told about the status of your pregnancy?"

After reviewing the laboratory reports of a 3-month-old infant, the nurse confirms hyponatremia in the infant. Which statement from the infant's parent supports the nurse's confirmation?

"I give my child purified water in the afternoon."

During her first visit to the prenatal clinic a client tells the nurse that she has a cat and is responsible for changing the cat's litter box. The client asks whether doing this will be harmful to her or the fetus. How should the nurse reply?

"There are several factors that determine a person's response to the toxins in cat litter."

The nurse is providing care to a preschool-age client who is admitted to the medical unit with symptoms of lead poisoning. Which assessment question will help the nurse determine the source of the lead?

"What year was your home built?"

A nurse finds that a mother severely punishes her two-year-old child. What should the nurse advise the mother, according to the Erikson's theory?

"Your child needs support and love or else he or she may develop feelings of shame and doubt."

Which information is correct about the cognitive changes of a teenager?

A teenager considers an infinite variety of causes and solutions.

What is the most common cause of death among adolescents?

Accidents

Which statements regarding acne are correct? Select all that apply.

Acne may be caused by stress. Family history could be a reason for it. Propionibacterium acnes causes acne. Acne is commonly found on the face, chest, upper back, and neck.

An adolescent wants to have bariatric surgery. What are the criteria for this surgery? Select all that apply.

Adherence to nutritional guidelines after surgery BMI of at least 40 with severe obesity Ability to give informed consent to surgery

An 8-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department because of respiratory distress. The nurse immediately places the child in a bed with the head of the bed elevated and administers oxygen by means of a face mask. The healthcare provider performs a physical assessment, writes prescriptions, and admits the child to the pediatric unit. Which instruction should the nurse carry out first?

Administer the nebulizer treatment

A 6-year-old child with Reye syndrome is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. What clinical finding does the nurse deem the most significant when assessing this child?

Altered consciousness

A nurse counsels the parents of a five-year-old child. Which of these concepts would the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.

Animism Egocentrism

A neonate is born with exstrophy of the bladder, and the parents are visibly upset. They are told that corrective surgery will be performed as soon as possible. How can the nurse best assist the parents at this time?

Caring for the newborn in the same manner as any other newborn

Which nutrient deficiency in the pregnant adolescent may result in decreased birth weight as a consequence of low bone mineral density in the fetus?

Calcium

What is the most common cause of ophthalmia neonatorum in infants born to adolescent mothers?

Chlamydia

Which statements are true regarding primary dysmenorrhea? Select all that apply.

During the luteal phase, F2-alpha is secreted Pain usually begins at the onset of menstruation and lasts for 8 to 48 hours

preterm newborn is given oxygen by way of a hood. What should the plan of care for this neonate include?

Ensuring that the oxygen is continuously warmed and humidified

In which period of Piaget's theory does the adolescent feel a sense of invulnerability?

Formal operations

Which period of Piaget's theory marks the end of cognitive development?

Formal operations

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an adolescent child with nephrotic syndrome. What does the nurse expect analysis of the child's urine to reveal?

High protein level

An infant with the diagnosis of exstrophy of the bladder undergoes surgery to close the defect. What must the nurse include in the discharge teaching for the parents?

How to identify signs of a urinary tract infection

The laboratory report of a school-aged child with celiac disease reveals that the child has anemia. What does the nurse suspect as the most likely causes of the anemia? Select all that apply.

Incomplete absorption of iron Incomplete absorption of folic acid

What are the physiologic changes noticed in an adolescent during puberty? Select all that apply.

Increase in number of neural connections Decrease in the basal body temperature gradually Increase in serum iron, hemoglobin, and hematocrit

A 4-year-old girl with a brain tumor diagnosed as an astrocytoma is admitted to the pediatric unit. The nurse performs a physical assessment while the child is lying in the supine position. During the assessment the child states that her head hurts and begins to cry. What does the nurse suspect as the most likely cause of the headache?

Increased intracranial pressure caused by blood pooling in the head

A nurse is discussing insulin needs with an adolescent with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes. What information is important for the nurse to include concerning insulin administration?

Insulin will be required throughout life

A 15-year-old plans to go to a nightclub without informing his or her parents but is afraid of being caught. Which behavior does this indicate?

Invulnerability

How does group identity aid psychosocial development in adolescents? Select all that apply.

It helps them feel a sense of admiration and approval It provides them the opportunity to learn acceptable behavior

What would the nurse state is true about the sleep pattern of preschoolers?

It is difficult for them to relax after they have had long and active days

A child presents with symptoms of iron poisoning from having ingested several chewable mineral supplement pills containing iron. Which symptoms are most likely to indicate that the poisoning has progressed to stage IV? Select all that apply.

Jaundice Hypoglycemia

A nurse is caring for an 11-year-old child with type 1 diabetes. Two hours after breakfast the child becomes pale, diaphoretic, and shaky. What action should the nurse take?

Obtaining a current blood glucose level

The nurse is reviewing data from clients with neurofibromatosis 1. Which client meets the criteria for neurofibromatosis 1?

Six or more café-au-lait spots larger than 5 mm in diameter, freckling in the axillae, optic glioma, two or more Lisch nodules, and osseous lesion such as sphenoid dysplasia or thinning of long bone cortex with or without pseudoarthrosis are signs of neurofibromatosis. A client with two or more of these signs meets the criteria for neurofibromatosis 1 . Therefore client B, with eight café-au-lait spots measuring 0.2 inch, thinning of long bone cortex, and four Lisch nodules, meets the criteria. Client A, with four café-au-lait spots measuring 0.2 inch, optic glioma, and one Lisch nodule, may not meet the criteria for neurofibromatosis 1 because only one sign is present. Client C, with three café-au-lait spots measuring 0.2 inch, sphenoid dysplasia, and one Lisch nodule, also does not meet the criteria for neurofibromatosis 1 because only one sign is present. Client D, with five café-au-lait spots measuring 0.2 inch, freckling in the axillary region, and one Lisch nodule, also does not meet the criteria for neurofibromatosis.

Intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy is instituted for a client with severe preeclampsia who has a blood pressure of 170/110 mm Hg, a pulse of 108 beats/min, and a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min. Eight hours later her blood pressure is 150/110 mm Hg, the pulse is 98 beats/min, the respiratory rate is 10 breaths/min, and the knee-jerk reflex is absent. What should the nurse do next?

Stop the infusion of magnesium sulfate and notify the primary healthcare provider

A primigravida at 39 weeks' gestation is admitted to the high-risk unit with an acute infection and is to have labor induced. In what sequence should the nurse implement the primary healthcare provider's prescriptions?

The client has an infection, so beginning with fetal assessment would be appropriate. The antibiotic is a priority, to be infused before the start of the induction of labor. The oxytocin should be initiated and labor progression monitored before any request for an epidural for anesthesia.

A parent of a school-age child reports to the nurse that the child wets the bed at night. Upon interaction with the child, the nurse learns that the child is afraid of the dark. What does the nurse recommend to the parent? Select all that apply.

"Allow your child to keep a light on in the bedroom at night." "Encourage your child to use the toilet before going to bed."

Which is a goal for organized athletics for school-age children?

A life-long enjoyment of fitness.

Which of these statements about adolescents in the United States are true? Select all that apply.

-Overall teen pregnancy rates have decreased during the last 25 years. -Anorexia nervosa and bulimia are two eating disorders found in adolescence

Which of these statements about language development in children ages 12 to 36 months are true? Select all that apply.

24-month-old children use pronouns 36-month-old children learn to use five or six new words each day.

The children of adolescent mothers experience more cognitive developmental problems than children of adult mothers. What could be the possible reasons for this observation? Select all that apply.

Adolescent mothers may view the infant as a play thing Adolescent mothers may lack parental competence

Which is a sign of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy in an adolescent?

Abdominal pain and hypotension

Which terms are appropriate for the nurse to use when documenting shaken baby syndrome in the medical record for a toddler-age client? Select all that apply.

Abusive head trauma Neuroinflicted brain injury Inflicted traumatic head injury

While caring for a terminally ill child the nurse notes that the parents' visits have become less frequent. What should the nurse do to resolve this situation?

Accept the parents' need to maintain a distance at this time

The nurse takes into consideration that the effect PKU has on the infant's development will depend primarily upon which factor?

Adherence to a corrective diet instituted early

Which herbal medication would the nurse suggest to a client to reduce premenstrual discomfort?

Black cohosh root

An adolescent with Duchenne muscular dystrophy has received care at the pediatric clinic since early childhood. Of which body system should the nurse perform a focused assessment to identify life-threatening complications as the child ages?

Cardiopulmonary

At 20 hours of age a newborn is found to have a bilirubin concentration of 13 mg/dL (274 mcmol/L). Which finding most likely contributed to this bilirubin level?

Cephalhematoma

A child presents with symptoms of aspirin poisoning with altered mental status. Which are the appropriate treatment methods in this scenario? Select all that apply.

Hemodialysis is used in severe cases. External cooling is used for hyperpyrexia

A client measuring at 18 weeks' gestation visits the prenatal clinic stating that she is still very nauseated and vomits frequently. Physical examination reveals a brown vaginal discharge and a blood pressure of 148/90 mm Hg. What condition does the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?

Hydatidiform mole

An unconscious 16-year-old adolescent with type 1 diabetes is brought to the emergency department. The blood glucose level is 742 mg/dL (41.2 mmol/L). What finding does the nurse expect during the initial assessment?

Hyperpnea

A nurse in the pediatric clinic is assessing the fine motor skills of a 5-year-old child. According to the principles of developmental direction, in which order does a child develop these skills? Begin with the skill that is accomplished first.

Kicks a ball .Turns a doorknob .Uses scissors .Copies a square on a piece of paper

The parents inform the nurse that their preschooler's teachers often complain about the child's bullying behavior in school. The parents are surprised, because they say the child is well behaved at home. What could be the reason for this inconsistency in the child's behavior?

The child is scared of the parents and displaces anger on others

Which method of conservation should the nurse include in the assessment for a 12-year-old client who has mastered all expected methods of conservation up until the current health maintenance visit?

Volume