chm1020

Cu⁺

(I)

Cr²⁺

(II)

Fe³⁺

(III)

percent (%)

(amount of solute/amount of solution)*100

1 ppm=

1 mg/L

1 ppb=

1 ug/L

Which of the following ion combinations will result in an ionic compound that has a balanced number of positive and negative charges? A. Ca²⁺ B. Na⁺ and Br⁻ C. 2 Li⁺ and S²⁻ D. Mg²⁺ and Cl⁻ E. K⁺ and O²⁻

A B and C

Which of the following are defined by the U.S. EPA as water contaminants? A. Substances that degrade the color of water B. Substances that are harmful to human teeth C. Substances that affect the physical properties of water. D. Substances that degrade the taste of water

A B and D

Consider the formula for the ionic compound Na₂O. Which of the following interpret this formula? A. The cation in this compound is Na⁺. B. The subscript 2 refers to the number of O atoms/ions in the formula. C. The compound contains 2 Na⁺ ions for every 0² ion. D. The compound consists of Na₂O molecules.

A and C

Which of the following statements about the use of Roman numerals in naming and writing chemical formulas is correct? A. A Roman numeral is included for any metal that can form more than one monatomic cation. B. Roman numerals are used to designate the charge of both the cation and the anion in the ionic compound. C. The ionic compound Fe(III) has a charge of +3. D. A Roman numeral is always included when naming a transition metal cation.

A and C

Which of the following elements will form a cation? A. Ca B. P C. F D. Rb

A and D

which of the following options describe the correct format used to represent a chemical compound? A.The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscript. B. A subscript refers to the element following it. C. Charges must be specifically written in the formula for an ionic compound. D. In the formula of an ionic compound the cation is always placed first.

A and D

Which statement correctly describes the procedure used to predict the ion formed by a maingroup element?

A metal loses enough electrons to attain the same numberas its nearest noble gas.

Cl₂, NaClO, or Ca(ClO)₂

Antibaterial agents

Which of the following molecules is polar? A. SiF₄ B. NH₃ C. CO₂ D. Br₂

B

Which are correct? A. Mg₂O B. Ca₃N₂ C. CaO D. AgCl₂

B and C

true or false all ionic compounds are soluable in water

False

True or False. Ionic compounds consist of molecules.

False.

True or False A nonmetal LOSES enough electrons to attain the same number as the nearest noble gas.

False. A nonmetal GAINS enough electrons to attain the same number as the nearest noble gas.

True or False: Roman numeral are used to designate the charge of both the cation and the anion in the ionic compound.

False. Roman numerals are used to designate the charge of a cation.

The correct systematic name for Li₃N

Lithium nitride

The legal limit for the concentration of contaminat expressed in ppm or ppb

MCL

A compound is classified as an alcohol if it contains what type of bond?

O-H

The passage of water through a semipermeable membrane from a solution that is less concentrated to a solution that is more concentrated

Osmosis

F

Prevents tooth decay

Employing the use of pressure to force the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a solution that is more concentrated to one that is less concentrated

Reverse osmosis

Charges are not written in the formula for an ionic compound because they are balanced.

True

In the formula of an ionic compound the cation is always placed first.

True

Aqueous Solution

Water is always the solvent in an aqueous solution An aqueous solution can have one or more solutes. An aqueous solution is a homogenous mixture.

C2H3O2

acetate

NH4+

ammonium

An ion with more electrons than its neutral atom is called a (n)

anion

When an ionic compound is added to water, the ___will be attracted to the partially positive H atom of water an the _____ will be attracted to the partially negative O atom of water. As the compound dissolves the ions will ___ from each other.

anions cations seperate

A _____ solution is one in which water is the solvent

aqueous

the increase in concentration of certain persistent chemical in successively higher levels of the food chain is called ___.

biomagnification

CO2− 3

carbonate

An ion with fewer electrons than its neutral atom is called a(n)

cation

An electric current requires movement of ____ particles, which could be electrons or ions. An electrolyte produces ______ in solution is therefore conductive.

charged ions

The ______ of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The value for water is 1 g/cm³

density

ClO−

hypochlorite

CO₃²⁻

insoluable except with Group 1A cations or NH₄⁺

A ______ force is a force that occurs between two molecules.

intermolecular

dead fish algal blooms and oxygen depletion are a result from ______

large amount of phosphates and nitrates in the water

parts per billion (ppb)

mass (g) of solute/ (1 * 10⁹ g solution)

Parts per million (ppm)

mass (g) of solute/(1*10⁶ g solution)

low values for electronegativity

metals

molarity (M)

mol solute/L solution

The charge of an ion with more electrons than its neutral atom is

negative

high vales for electronegativity

nonmetals

Hydrogen bonding helps stabilize the structures of large biological molecules, such as proteins and ______ acids.

nucleic

BOD is a measure of the amount of dissolved _____ microorganisms use up as they decomprose organic wastes found in water.

oxygen

In general, covalent compounds that are _____ will be soluable in water. These compounds do not _____ into ions and are therefore nonelectrolytes.

polar dissociate

A unit that contains two or more elements covalently bonded together but that has an overall charge is called a _____ ion. Many _____ compounds contain such units.

polytomic, ionic

The charge of an ion with fewer electrons than its neutral atom is

positive

water that is safe to drink and cook with

potable

The chlorine-containing chemicals (HClO, ClO, and Cl₂) that remain in the water after chlorination step in the water treatment process are called _____ chlorine.

residual

What is the correct systematic name for the compound Na₂CO₃?

sodium carbonate

Cl⁺

soluable except with Ag⁺ and Hg₂²⁺

SO₄²⁻

soluable except with Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺, and Pb²⁺

Na⁺

soluable in al combinations

salt deposits

soluable sodium and potassium halides. Dissolve and was into the sea.

hydrogen bond

the strongest type of intermolecular force. It occurs in molecules where hydrogen is covalently bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. This results in an attraction between the hydrogen and a lone pair on the more electronegative atom, either in an another molecule or elsewhere in the same molecule.

NH₂SO₄ is insoluable in water

true

sewage plants use wetland to decrease nitrates and phosphates contamination in surface water

true

EPA regulate more than 90 known contaminants

true.

An ionic compound will produce an aqueous solution when the attraction between the ___ molecules and the ions is greater than the attraction between the _______ themselves. Ion size and charge can also play a role in the solubility of ionic compounds.

water ions

two structure identities are

water is a covalent species water has a bent shape

Zn²⁺

(none)

Which are correct? A. Na(OH) B. NaNO₃ C. Mg₃(PO₄)₂ D. KSO₄ E. CaCO₃

B C and E

Which of the following statements describe the drawbacks of using chlorine-containing chemicals in the water treatment process? A. Chlorine does not eliminate most waterborne diseases. B. The taste and odor of residual chlorine is objectionable. C. Chlorine-containing chemicals can themselves be toxic. D. Chlorine can react with organic matter to form trihalomethanes (THMs)

B and D

Which of the following species will be present in an aqueous solution of Na₂CO₃? A. Na₂²⁺ B. Na⁺ C. CO₂ D. O²⁻ E. CO₃²⁻

B and E

Which of the following options are correct systematic names for ionic compounds? A. chromium sulfide B. calcium diflouride C. potassium chloride D. sodium(I) bromide E. copper(II) oxide

C and E

True or False. Water has a tetrahedral shape.

False. There are two lone pairs surrounding the oxygen atom in water giving it a bent shape

water contracts when it freezes

False. Water expands when it freezes

Al₂(SO₄)₃ and Ca(OH)₂

Flocculating agents

The maximum level of contaminant in drinking water at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on human health would occur, expressed in ppm or ppb

MCLG

The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscript

True

True or False. Ammonia contains relatively nonpolar bonds but is considered polar because it contains a non-bonded electron pair.

True.

True or False. CO₂ contains polar bonds but overall this molecule is nonpolar because its geometry is linear.

True.

True or False. Only molecules use Greek prefixes to specify the number of atoms in the formula.

True.

HCO3

bicarbonate

Liquid _______ under high pressure has been offered as a green alternative to using organic solvents. However, by itself it does not effectively dissolve oils, waxes, and grease. Therefore, in order for it to be a viable green solvent a _____ mustbe added.

carbon dioxide surfactant

Both ozone and UV radiation have been used as alternative disinfectants to chlorine-containing compounds in the water treatment process. However, ____ must be added to the water after wither of these treatment methods in order to protect the water after it leaves the treatment site.

chlorine

the ratio of amount of solute to amount of solution is the ___ of the solution

concentration

What is the term used to describe any process that removes ions from salt water?

desalination

The attraction of an atom for an electron in a chemical bond is called _____.

electronegativity

a water _______ is an estimate (for an individual or nation) of the amount of water required to sustain he consumption of goods and services.

footprint

The difference between water and H₂S is that water can form _________ between its molecules, whereas H₂S cannot

hydrogen bonds

any dissolved substance is called a ___________.

solute

A ________ is a homogeneous mixtures of a solvent and one or more solutes.

solution

the component that is most abundant in a solution is called the _____.

solvent

The aim of the clean water act is to reduce ________ water pollution.

surface

sometimes called a wetting agent, is a compound that helps polar and nonpolar compounds mix

surfactant