CIS115 - Chapter 1
A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.
0
What would you call a device that works with binary data?
A device that works with binary data is called digital data.
A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.
F
What are the words that make up a high-level programming language called?
Keywords, or reserved words
A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________.
an input device
In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.
decode
Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
floating point
The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.
hardware
The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.
the CPU
An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a highlevel language program.
T
Why is the CPU the most important component in a computer?
The CPU is the most important component in a computer because without it, the computer could not run software.
What number does a bit that is turned on represent? What number does a bit that is turned off represent?
The number 1 represents a bit that is turned on. A bit that is turned off is the number 0.
Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.
microprocessors
The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.
syntax
A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________.
ASCII
Assembly language is considered a high-level language.
F
Images, like the ones you make with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.
F
Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.
F
Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.
F
What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware?
Operating System
This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.
RAM
Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.
T
Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.
T
Main memory is also known as RAM.
T
What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?
Nmeumonics
A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
byte
A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.
compiler
The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.
key words
Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.
machine language
The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________.
main memory
A video display is a(n) __________ device.
output device
If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.
a stream of binary numbers
The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.
assembler
In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
binary
A byte is made up of eight __________.
bits
The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.
pixels
A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
program
A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called __________.
secondary storage
Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
two's compliment
An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is __________.
unicode
Windows Vista, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OSX are all examples of application software.
F
What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
A compiler translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. An interpreter both translates and executes the instructions of a high-level program.