CIS115 - Chapter 1

A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.

0

What would you call a device that works with binary data?

A device that works with binary data is called digital data.

A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.

F

What are the words that make up a high-level programming language called?

Keywords, or reserved words

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________.

an input device

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.

floating point

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.

hardware

The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.

the CPU

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a highlevel language program.

T

Why is the CPU the most important component in a computer?

The CPU is the most important component in a computer because without it, the computer could not run software.

What number does a bit that is turned on represent? What number does a bit that is turned off represent?

The number 1 represents a bit that is turned on. A bit that is turned off is the number 0.

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.

microprocessors

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.

syntax

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________.

ASCII

Assembly language is considered a high-level language.

F

Images, like the ones you make with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.

F

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.

F

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.

F

What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware?

Operating System

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.

RAM

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.

T

Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.

T

Main memory is also known as RAM.

T

What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?

Nmeumonics

A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

byte

A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.

compiler

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.

key words

Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.

machine language

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________.

main memory

A video display is a(n) __________ device.

output device

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.

a stream of binary numbers

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.

assembler

In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

binary

A byte is made up of eight __________.

bits

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.

pixels

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called __________.

secondary storage

Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.

two's compliment

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is __________.

unicode

Windows Vista, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OSX are all examples of application software.

F

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A compiler translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. An interpreter both translates and executes the instructions of a high-level program.