cisco__ch 01__exploring the network

Which tool provides real-time video and audio communication over the Internet so that businesses can conduct corporate meetings with participants from several remote locations? wiki instant messaging weblog TelePresence

TelePresence

fiber optic

Glass or plastic fibers (fiber optic cable) __ Fiber optic transmissions rely on pulses of light, within either infrared or visible light ranges.

copper

Metallic wires within cables __On metallic wires, the data is encoded into electrical impulses that match specific patterns

Satellite__

Satellite service can provide a connection when a wired solution is not available. Satellite dishes require a clear line of sight to the satellite. Equipment and installation costs can be high, with a moderate monthly fee thereafter. Connections tend to be slower and less reliable than its terrestrial competition, which makes it less attractive than other alternatives.

Which device performs the function of determining the path that messages should take through internetworks? a DSL modem a web server a router a firewall

a router

Which description correctly defines a converged network? a network that is limited to exchanging character-based information a dedicated network with separate channels for video and voice services a network that allows users to interact directly with each other over multiple channels a single network channel capable of delivering multiple communication forms

a single network channel capable of delivering multiple communication forms

Which expression accurately defines the term congestion? a measure of the data carrying capacity of the network a state where the demand on the network resources exceeds the available capacity a method of limiting the impact of a hardware or software failure on the network a set of techniques to manage the utilization of network resources

a state where the demand on the network resources exceeds the available capacity

For which three reasons was a packet-switched connectionless data communications technology used when developing the Internet? (Choose three.) a. It can rapidly adapt to the failure of network devices and communication links. b. It allows for billing of network use by the amount of time a connection is established. c. Data packets can travel through the network using multiple different paths. d. Network devices dynamically decide on the best available path to forward each packet. e. It requires that a data circuit between the source and destination be established before data can be transferred.

a. It can rapidly adapt to the failure of network devices and communication links. c. Data packets can travel through the network using multiple different paths. d. Network devices dynamically decide on the best available path to forward each packet.

What are two benefits of collaboration and video-on-demand applications? (Choose two.) a. providing a richer e-learning environment b. providing better social media opportunities c. providing faster, more secure business communications d. ensuring a more reliable network e. providing data storage and retrieval to a business

a. providing a richer e-learning environment b. providing better social media opportunities

Which three network tools provide the minimum required security protection for home users? (Choose three.) antispyware software​ a firewall an intrusion prevention system powerline networking access control lists antivirus software

antispyware software​ a firewall antivirus software

Clients

are computer hosts that have software installed that enable them to request and display the information obtained from the server. An example of client software is a web browser, like Internet Explorer.

Servers

are hosts that have software installed that enable them to provide information, like email or web pages, to other hosts on the network. Each service requires separate server software. For example, a host requires web server software in order to provide web services to the network.

services

are the communication programs, called software, that run on the networked devices. A network service provides information in response to a request. Services include many of the common network applications people use every day, like email hosting services and web hosting services. Processes provide the functionality that directs and moves the messages through the network. Processes are less obvious to us but are critical to the operation of networks.

Which two statements correctly define types of network infrastructure? (Choose two.) a. A WAN is designed to provide access to a city and is typically operated by a single entity. b. A WLAN is designed to wirelessly interconnect users and end points in a small geographical area. c. A SAN is designed to support data storage, retrieval, and replication. d. A LAN is designed to provide slower speed bandwidth between WANs. e. A WLAN provides wired access to large organizations with campuses, such as universities.

b. A WLAN is designed to wirelessly interconnect users and end points in a small geographical area. c. A SAN is designed to support data storage, retrieval, and replication.

Which type of network design combines voice, video, and data on the same communication channel? a. a traditional network b. a converged network c. a storage area network d. an extranet

b. a converged network

In which scenario would the use of a WISP (wireless internet service providers) be recommended? a. an Internet cafe in a city b. a farm in a rural area without wired broadband access c. any home with multiple wireless devices d. an apartment in a building with cable access to the Internet

b. a farm in a rural area without wired broadband access

A data center has recently updated a physical server to host multiple operating systems on a single CPU. The data center can now provide each customer with a separate web server without having to allocate an actual discrete server for each customer. What is the networking trend that is being implemented by the data center in this situation? a. BYOD b. virtualization c. maintaining communication integrity d. online collaboration

b. virtualization

network components and their names

by device, function and representation

Fill in the blank. The acronym _____ refers to the trend of end users being able to use their personal devices to access the business network and resources.

byod

Match the network trend to the corresponding description. (Not all options are used.) BYOD online collaboration cloud computing

byod - allows the end user to use personal tools to communicate across business or campus networks online collaboration - provides the end users with the tools to work together regardless of physical location cloud computing - allows the use of application through a web browser via web-based computing

Which statement describes a network that supports QoS? a. The fewest possible devices are affected by a failure. b. The network should be able to expand to keep up with user demand. c. The network provides predictable levels of service to different types of traffic. d. Data sent over the network is not altered in transmission.

c. The network provides predictable levels of service to different types of traffic.

What is a wiki? a. a personal journal that is posted on the Internet b. an audio-based medium that is used to deliver information to a wide audience c. a web page that groups of people can edit and review d. an online meeting

c. a web page that groups of people can edit and review

During a routine inspection, a technician discovered that software that was installed on a computer was secretly collecting data about websites that were visited by users of the computer. Which type of threat is affecting this computer? a. DoS attack​ b. identity theft c. spyware d. zero-day attack

c. spyware

Which two Internet connection options do not require that physical cables be run to the building? (Choose two.) cellular satellite dialup dedicated leased line DSL

cellular satellite

Refer to the exhibit. Which term correctly identifies the device type that is included in the area B? a. source b. end c. transfer d. intermediary

d. intermediary

Match each definition to the corresponding security goal: (not all options are used)

ensuring confidentiality - only the intended recipients can access and read the data maintaining integrity - the assurance that the informations has not been altered during transmission ensuring availability - the assurance of timely and reliable access to data

Requiring strong, complex passwords is a practice that supports which network security goal? maintaining communication integrity ensuring reliability of access ensuring redundancy ensuring data confidentiality

ensuring data confidentiality

An _____ is a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an organization, and is designed to be accessible only by the members and employees of the organization, or others with authorization.

intranet

Intranet

is a term often used to refer to a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an organization, and is designed to be accessible only by the organization's members, employees, or others with authorization. Intranets are basically an internet which is usually only accessible from within the organization.

host device

is either the source or destination of a message transmitted over the network, as shown in the animation. In order to distinguish one host from another, each host on a network is identified by an address. When a host initiates communication, it uses the address of the destination host to specify where the message should be sent.

extranet

provide secure and safe access to individuals who work for a different organizations, but require company data. Examples of extranets include: ex. 1. A company providing access to outside suppliers/contractors. 2. A hospital providing a booking system to doctors so they can make appointments for their patients. 3. A local office of education providing budget and personnel information to the schools in its district.

Fill in the blank. A _____ network is able to expand to accept new devices and applications without affecting performance.

scalable

Fill in the blank. The farther you are from the central office when utilizing a DSL connection, the _____ the connection speed.

slower

What type of network must a home user access in order to do online shopping? the Internet an extranet a local area network an intranet

the Internet

What two criteria are used to help select network media? (Choose two.) the number of intermediary devices installed in the network the environment where the media is to be installed the distance the media can successfully carry a signal the types of data that need to be prioritized the cost of the end devices utilized in the network

the environment where the media is to be installed the distance the media can successfully carry a signal

devices

the physical elements, or hardware, of the network. Hardware is often the visible components of the network platform such as a laptop, PC, switch, router, wireless access point, or the cabling used to connect the devices. Occasionally, some components may not be so visible. In the case of wireless media, messages are transmitted through the air using invisible radio frequency or infrared waves.

media

the physical elements, or hardware, of the network. Hardware is often the visible components of the network platform such as a laptop, PC, switch, router, wireless access point, or the cabling used to connect the devices. Occasionally, some components may not be so visible. In the case of wireless media, messages are transmitted through the air using invisible radio frequency or infrared waves.

Match the form of network communication with its description. (not all options are used

wiki - web pages that groups of people can edit and view together social media - interactive websites where people created and share user-generated content with friends and family instant messaging - real-time communication of between two or more people podcast - an audio-based medium that allows people to deliver their recordings to a wide audience

Which area of the network would a college IT staff most likely have to redesign as a direct result of many students bringing their own tablets and smartphones to school to access school resources? wireless WAN extranet intranet wired LAN wireless LAN

wireless LAN

network media / medium

wireless media lan media wan media *** provides the channel over which the message travels from source to destination.

wireless

wireless: Wireless transmission __In wireless transmission, patterns of electromagnetic waves depict the various bit values.

criteria on how to choose network media are

1. The distance the media can successfully carry a signal 2. The environment in which the media is to be installed 3. The amount of data and the speed at which it must be transmitted 4. The cost of the media and installation

Network Interface Card

A NIC, or LAN adapter, provides the physical connection to the network at the PC or other host device. The media connecting the PC to the networking device plugs directly into the NIC.

Physical Port

A connector or outlet on a networking device where the media is connected to a host or other networking device.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A network infrastructure designed to support file servers and provide data storage, retrieval, and replication. It involves high-end servers, multiple disk arrays (called blocks), and Fibre Channel interconnection technology.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A network infrastructure that spans a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN (e.g., a city). MANs are typically operated by a single entity such as a large organization.

Refer to the exhibit. Which set of devices contains only intermediary devices? C, D, G, I A, B, E, F G, H, I, J A, B, D, G

A, B, D, G

Dial-up Telephone

An inexpensive option that uses any phone line and a modem. To connect to the ISP, a user calls the ISP access phone number. The low bandwidth provided by a dial-up modem connection is usually not sufficient for large data transfer, although it is useful for mobile access while traveling. A modem dial-up connection should only be considered when higher speed connection options are not available.

Which statement describes a characteristic of cloud computing? Investment in new infrastructure is required in order to access the cloud. A business can connect directly to the Internet without the use of an ISP. Devices can connect to the Internet through existing electrical wiring. Applications can be accessed over the Internet through a subscription.

Applications can be accessed over the Internet through a subscription.

DSL__(business)

Business DSL is available in various formats. A popular choice is Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines (SDSL) which is similar to Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), but provides the same upload and download speeds. ADSL is designed to deliver bandwidth at different rates downstream than upstream. For example, a customer getting Internet access may have downstream rates that range from 1.5 to 9 Mbps, whereas upstream bandwidth ranges are from 16 to 640 kbps. ADSL transmissions work at distances up to 18,000 feet (5,488 meters) over a single copper twisted pair.

Cellular

Cellular Internet access uses a cell phone network to connect. Wherever you can get a cellular signal, you can get cellular Internet access. Performance will be limited by the capabilities of the phone and the cell tower to which it is connected. The availability of cellular Internet access is a real benefit in those areas that would otherwise have no Internet connectivity at all, or for those constantly on the go.

Collaboration Tools

Collaboration tools give people the opportunity to work together on shared documents. Without the constraints of location or time zone, individuals connected to a shared system can speak to each other, often across real-time interactive video. Across the network they can share text and graphics, and edit documents together. With collaboration tools always available, organizations can move quickly to share information and pursue goals. The broad distribution of data networks means that people in remote locations can contribute on an equal basis with people at the heart of large population centers.

end devices

Computers (work stations, laptops, file servers, web servers) Network printers VoIP phones TelePresence endpoint Security cameras Mobile handheld devices (such as smartphones, tablets, PDAs, and wireless debit/credit card readers and barcode scanners)

Which two Internet solutions provide an always-on, high-bandwidth connection to computers on a LAN? (Choose two.)​ DSL dial-up telephone satellite cable cellular

DSL cable

Match each characteristic to its corresponding internet connectivity type. (not all options are used)

DSL - splits the access line into three signals dialup telephone - typically has very low bandwidth satellite - not suited for heavily wooded areas cable - uses coaxial cable as a medium

internet connection options

Home users, teleworkers (remote workers), and small offices typically require a connection to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to access the Internet. Connection options vary greatly between ISP and geographical location. However, popular choices include broadband cable, broadband digital subscriber line (DSL), wireless WANs, and mobile services.

Instant Messaging (IM) / Texting

IM and texting both enable instant real-time communication between two or more people. Many IM and texting applications incorporate features such as file transfer. IM applications can offer additional features such as voice and video communication.

Logical topology diagrams

Identify devices, ports, and IP addressing scheme.

Physical topology diagrams

Identify the physical location of intermediary devices, configured ports, and cable installation.

What is a characteristic of circuit-switched networks? If all circuits are busy, a new call cannot be placed. If a circuit fails, the call will be forwarded on a new path. A single message can be broken into multiple message blocks that are transmitted through multiple circuits simultaneously. Circuit-switched networks can dynamically learn and use redundant circuits.

If all circuits are busy, a new call cannot be placed.

Local Area Networks (LANs) are a network infrastructure that spans a small geographical area. Specific features of LANs include:

LANs interconnect end devices in a limited area such as a home, school, office building, or campus. A LAN is usually administered by a single organization or individual. The administrative control that governs the security and access control policies are enforced on the network level. LANs provide high speed bandwidth to internal end devices and intermediary devices.

medium to large networks

Medium to large networks, such as those used by corporations and schools, can have many locations with hundreds or thousands of interconnected computers.

Metro Ethernet

Metro Ethernet is typically available from a provider to the customer premise over a dedicated copper or fiber connection providing bandwidth speeds of 10 Mb/s to 10 Gb/s. Ethernet over Copper (EoC) is more economical than fiber optic Ethernet service in many cases, quite widely available, and reaches speeds of up to 40 Mbps. However, Ethernet over Copper is limited by distance. Fiber optic Ethernet service delivers the fastest connections available at an economical price per megabit. Unfortunately, there are still many areas where this service is unavailable.

intermediary network devices

Network Access (switches and wireless access points)__(multilayer switch) & (lan switch) Internetworking (routers) & (wireless routers) Security (firewalls) *** The management of data as it flows through the network is also a role of the intermediary devices. These devices use the destination host address, in conjunction with information about the network interconnections, to determine the path that messages should take through the network. Processes running on the intermediary network devices perform these functions: Regenerate and retransmit data signals Maintain information about what pathways exist through the network and internetwork Notify other devices of errors and communication failures Direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure Classify and direct messages according to Quality of Service (QoS) priorities Permit or deny the flow of data, based on security settings

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) File Sharing

Peer-to-Peer file sharing allows people to share files with each other without having to store and download them from a central server. The user joins the P2P network by simply installing the P2P software. This lets them locate and share files with others in the P2P network. The widespread digitization of media files, such as music and video files has increased the interest in P2P file sharing. P2P file sharing has not been embraced by everyone. Many people are concerned about violating the laws of copyrighted materials.

Podcasting

Podcasting is an audio-based medium that originally enabled people to record audio and convert it for use. Podcasting allows people to deliver their recordings to a wide audience. The audio file is placed on a website (or blog or wiki) where others can download it and play the recording on their computers, laptops, and other mobile devices.

DSL

Provides a high bandwidth, always on, connection to the Internet. It requires a special high-speed modem that separates the DSL signal from the telephone signal and provides an Ethernet connection to a host computer or LAN. DSL runs over a telephone line, with the line split into three channels. One channel is used for voice telephone calls. This channel allows an individual to receive phone calls without disconnecting from the Internet. A second channel is a faster download channel, used to receive information from the Internet. The third channel is used for sending or uploading information. This channel is usually slightly slower than the download channel. The quality and speed of the DSL connection depends mainly on the quality of the phone line and the distance from your phone company's central office. The farther you are from the central office, the slower the connection.

Satellite

Satellite service is a good option for homes or offices that do not have access to DSL or cable. Satellite dishes require a clear line of sight to the satellite and so might be difficult in heavily wooded areas or places with other overhead obstructions. Speeds will vary depending on the contract, though they are generally good. Equipment and installation costs can be high (although check the provider for special deals), with a moderate monthly fee thereafter. The availability of satellite Internet access is a real benefit in those areas that would otherwise have no Internet connectivity at all.

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

Similar to a LAN but wirelessly interconnects users and end points in a small geographical area.

small home networks

Small home networks connect a few computers to each other and the Internet.

Social Media

Social media consists of interactive websites where people and communities create and share user-generated content with friends, family, peers, and the world.

Interface

Specialized ports on an internetworking device that connect to individual networks. Because routers are used to interconnect networks, the ports on a router are referred to network interfaces.

Wide Area Networks (WANs) are a network infrastructure that spans a wide geographical area. WANs are typically managed by service providers (SP) or Internet Service Providers (ISP).

Specific features of WANs include: WANs interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas such as between cities, states, provinces, countries, or continents. WANs are usually administered by multiple service providers. WANs typically provide slower speed links between LANs.

email client and server

The Email Server runs server software and clients use their mail client software, such as Microsoft Outlook, to access Email on the server.

file client and server

The File Server stores the file, the client device accesses the file with client software such as Windows Explorer.

world wide networks

The Internet is a network of networks that connects hundreds of millions of computers world-wide.

small office/home office networks

The Small Office/Home Office or SOHO network enables computers within a home office or a remote office to connect to a corporate network or access to centralized, shared resources.

web client and server

The Web Server runs server software and clients use their browser software, such as Windows Internet Explorer, to access web pages on the server.

peer-to-peer - advantages

The advantages of peer-to-peer networking: Easy to set up Less complexity Lower cost since network devices and dedicated servers may not be required Can be used for simple tasks such as transferring files and sharing printers

peer-to-peer - disadvantages

The disadvantages of peer-to-peer networking: No centralized administration Not as secure Not scalable All devices may act as both clients and servers which can slow their performance

Which statement describes a network that supports QoS? The network provides predictable levels of service to different types of traffic. Data sent over the network is not altered in transmission. The network should be able to expand to keep up with user demand. The fewest possible devices are affected by a failure.

The network provides predictable levels of service to different types of traffic.

What are two functions of intermediary devices on a network? (Choose two.) They filter the flow of data, based on security settings. They form the interface between the human network and the underlying communication network. They are the primary source and providers of information and services to end devices. They direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure. They run applications that support collaboration for business.

They filter the flow of data, based on security settings. They direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure.

Dedicated Leased Line

This is a dedicated connection from the service provider to the customer premise. Leased lines are actually reserved circuits that connect geographically separated offices for private voice and/or data networking. The circuits are typically rented at a monthly or yearly rate which tends to make it expensive. In North America, common leased line circuits include T1 (1.54 Mb/s) and T3 (44.7 Mb/s) while in other parts of the world they are available in E1 (2 Mb/s) and E3 (34 Mb/s).

Cable

Typically offered by cable television service providers, the Internet data signal is carried on the same coaxial cable that delivers cable television. It provides a high bandwidth, always on, connection to the Internet. A special cable modem separates the Internet data signal from the other signals carried on the cable and provides an Ethernet connection to a host computer or LAN.

Which two statements about the relationship between LANs and WANs are true? (Choose two.) LANs connect multiple WANs together. WANs must be publicly-owned, but LANs can be owned by either public or private entities. WANs are typically operated through multiple ISPs, but LANs are typically operated by single organizations or individuals. Both LANs and WANs connect end devices. WANs connect LANs at slower speed bandwidth than LANs connect their internal end devices.

WANs are typically operated through multiple ISPs, but LANs are typically operated by single organizations or individuals. WANs connect LANs at slower speed bandwidth than LANs connect their internal end devices.

Weblogs (blogs)

Weblogs are web pages that are easy to update and edit. Unlike commercial websites, which are created by professional communications experts, blogs give anyone a means to communicate their thoughts to a global audience without technical knowledge of web design. There are blogs on nearly every topic one can think of, and communities of people often form around popular blog authors.

Wikis

Weblogs are web pages that are easy to update and edit. Unlike commercial websites, which are created by professional communications experts, blogs give anyone a means to communicate their thoughts to a global audience without technical knowledge of web design. There are blogs on nearly every topic one can think of, and communities of people often form around popular blog authors. Wikis - Wikis are web pages that groups of people can edit and view together. Whereas a blog is more of an individual, personal journal, a wiki is a group creation. As such, it may be subject to more extensive review and editing. Like blogs, wikis can be created in stages, and by anyone, without the sponsorship of a major commercial enterprise. Wikipedia has become a comprehensive resource - an online encyclopedia - of publicly-contributed topics. Private organizations and individuals can also build their own wikis to capture collected knowledge on a particular subject. Many businesses use wikis as their internal collaboration tool. With the global Internet, people of all walks of life can participate in wikis and add their own perspectives and knowledge to a shared resource.