Civilization & Ideas I Final
One of the most significant sources of conflict for western Europe between 1000 and 1400 was a. a struggle for power between the church and state. b. a struggle for holding together the Holy Roman Empire as Charlemagne had created it. c. a struggle to keep the Muslims from crossing the Straits of Gibraltar. d. the loss of status when Russia chose to convert to the "eastern" form of Christianity. e. the reputation of corrupt popes.
a. a struggle for power between the church and state.
In 1260, major divisions emerged between the Mongol khans because a. many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan. b. Jagadai did not accept Shamanism. c. Batu and Khubilai teamed up against Jagadai. d. some refused to accept an alliance with the Mamluks. e. Yuan defied tribunal consensus to attack central Europe.
a. many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan.
Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to Mongol military supremacy? a. massive numerical superiority b. extraordinary riding skills c. more technically proficient bows d. flaming arrows e. catapults to hurl sometimes-flaming projectiles
a. massive numerical superiority
One of the most significant growth industries in the fourteenth century was a. merchant banking. b. stonemasonry. c. papermaking. d. wool weaving. e. metal smelting.
a. merchant banking.
Which of the following is not true about the Crusades? a. They were a series of religiously inspired campaigns. b. After 1071, the Seljuk Turk threat to pilgrims had subsided. c. Economic forces such as the desire to increase trade and land hunger were contributing factors. d. The pope promised atonement from sins for the Crusaders. e. The Crusaders captured Jerusalem.
b. After 1071, the Seljuk Turk threat to pilgrims had subsided.
About 2,000 years ago, people from Southeast Asia migrated what island off the coast of Africa? a. Sri Lanka b. Madagascar c. Ceylon d. Indonesia e. Australia
b. Madagascar
Muslims originally prayed in the direction of which city? a. Rome b. Mecca c. Medina d. Jerusalem e. Alexandria
b. Mecca
Mongol families often included believers in two or more religions, however, virtually all Mongols observed the practices of a. Islam. b. Shamanism. c. Orthodox Christianity. d. Atheism. e. Buddhism.
b. Shamanism.
Christopher Columbus was a Genoese mariner employed by a. Sicily. b. Spain. c. Portugal. d. Genoa. e. Syracuse.
b. Spain.
Who became empress of Japan upon her husband's death in 592? a. Nara b. Suiko c. Shotoku d. Soga e. Himiko
b. Suiko
Why is the traditional description of Europe from 300 to 1200 as "feudal" an oversimplification? a. The social structure of the Germanic peoples emphasized loyalty to the pope. b. The relations between landowners and serfs varied from region to region. c. Feudalism didn't begin until 1300. d. Most of the old Roman system continued, particularly in France. e. Scholars now know that "feudalism" as such never really existed.
b. The relations between landowners and serfs varied from region to region.
The most notable work in Scholasticism, the Summa Theologica, was written by a. Geoffrey Chaucer. b. Thomas Aquinas. c. Dante Aligheri. d. Jan Hus. e. Peter Abelard.
b. Thomas Aquinas.
Which of the following was not a social result of the Black Death epidemic? a. a demand by laborers for higher pay b. a call for democracy c. peasant revolutions d. an increase in per capita production e. an end of serfdom for all intents and purposes
b. a call for democracy
Because of the trade through the Strait of Malacca, and through astute alliances, Malacca became an important port and a. the focus of the annual Buddhist pilgrimage. b. a meeting place for traders from around the Eurasian world. c. replaced Madagascar as the most important slave-trading port. d. became one of the most homogeneous cities in Southeast Asia. e. became known as the "Asian Tiger."
b. a meeting place for traders from around the Eurasian world.
The mariners involved in the Indian Ocean trade were a. almost exclusively of Indian background. b. a multilingual and multiethnic group. c. from many lands, but all were Muslim. d. primarily Arabic and Persian. e. all Africans from the sub-Saharan region.
b. a multilingual and multiethnic group.
Which of the following does not constitute a shared cultural heritage, or what anthropologists classify as "great traditions"? a. Political unity b. A written language c. Ethical codes d. Intellectual traditions e. Common legal and belief systems
a. Political unity
To maintain control of vast areas, the Mongols formed different khanates. The Golden Horde ruled over a. Russia. b. Japan. c. Central Asian domains. d. India. e. Korea.
a. Russia.
The group of Muslims who believe the leader of Islam should be a descendent of Muhammad's son-in-law is called the a. Shi'ites. b. Sunnis. c. Sufis. d. Mobad. e. Hadj.
a. Shi'ites.
Which European country had the largest Jewish communities before 1492? a. Spain b. Italy c. France d. The Netherlands e. Germany
a. Spain
Which of the following was the capital of the Aztec Empire? a. Tenochtitlan b. Cuzco c. Anasazi d. Hopewell e. Panama
a. Tenochtitlan
What factors combined to make Spain one of the most powerful European states in the sixteenth century? a. The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile b. Expulsion of the Muslims from Spain in 1492 c. Spain's influence with the Catholic church d. Political alliances with the Abbasid Caliphate e. Being the center of intellectual development in Europe
a. The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile
Which of the following is not responsible for the success of many cities in Italy and Flanders? a. They controlled extensive agricultural lands. b. They passed laws making serfs free once they came to the city. c. They were independent rather than controlled by feudal lords. d. They specialized in trade and manufacturing. e. They had more abundant coinage.
a. They controlled extensive agricultural lands.
Who was the admiral who led a series of state voyages on behalf of the Ming Empire? a. Zheng He b. Yongle c. Hongwu d. Luo Guanzhong e. None of these is correct.
a. Zheng He
The Chinese treasure ships were commanded by a. Zheng He. b. Ma Huan. c. Vasco de Gama. d. None of these is correct. e. All of these are correct.
a. Zheng He.
Mongol armies often consisted of a. a multinational force with Mongol commanders. b. ethnic Mongols only. c. both male and female soldiers. d. Chinese mercenaries. e. Uighurs only.
a. a multinational force with Mongol commanders.
Kamikaze means a. suicide. b. triumphant death. c. divine wind. d. honorable death. e. wisdom of the gods.
c. divine wind.
What was used as intercity or interregional credit in the Song Empire? a. government-issued paper money b. bank notes c. flying money d. All of these are correct. e. None of these are correct.
c. flying money
After the fall of Rome in the fifth century, the western Roman Empire a. became known as the Byzantine Empire. b. fell under the control of Constantine c. fragmented into a handful of Germanic kingdoms. d. had no powerful rulers or authority. e. reasserted Roman rule.
c. fragmented into a handful of Germanic kingdoms.
What "architectural wonder" first made its appearance in France on or about the year 1140 CE? a. guild halls b. opera houses c. gothic cathedrals d. chateaux e. Romanesque churches
c. gothic cathedrals
By 1500, the English Parliament a. had been disbanded by King John. b. had overthrown the king and gained complete governmental authority. c. had become a permanent part of English government. d. had yet to be officially formed. e. had been disbanded.
c. had become a permanent part of English government.
Muhammad's revelations are compiled in a book called a. the Hadith. b. the Third Testament. c. the Quran. d. the Ka'ba. e. the Revelations.
c. the Quran.
The Treaty of Verdun resulted in a. the formal declaration of Roman Christianity for kingdoms of Charlemagne. b. a cessation of hostilities between the Muslims and Christians in Spain. c. the division of the Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons. d. a reconciliation between the Eastern Orthodox and Western (Catholic) Christian sects. e. formal surrender of Constantinople to the Seljuk Turks.
c. the division of the Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons.
One of the significant features of the growth of literature in the fourteenth to fifteenth century was a. the development of epic poetry. b. the composition of literature in Latin. c. the incorporation of political criticism. d. the composition of literature in the vernacular. e. the inclusion of common people in literary tales.
d. the composition of literature in the vernacular.
Afghan and Turkish invaders were able to successfully invade India because of a. the threats of Mongol Il-khans. b. a desire to spread the Islamic faith and to acquire plunder. c. the prospect of learning Indian technology and mathematics. d. the division of India into warring small states. e. All of these are correct.
d. the division of India into warring small states.
Which of the following fostered artistic growth in the Renaissance? a. the ability of the average person to afford art b. the war against the Muslims, in which many Muslim artists and artwork were captured c. the "artistic tax" by which part of every salary was used to support museums d. the patronage of wealthy merchants and prelates e. universal education
d. the patronage of wealthy merchants and prelates
More powerful Mongol groups lived almost entirely off a. farming. b. being mercenaries. c. slave trading. d. tribute. e. All of these are correct.
d. tribute.
In Islamic society, mosques a. were used solely for religious worship. b. were off-limits to Africans. c. were used only to educate boys. d. were centers of learning and promoted literacy. e. went in and out of fashion.
d. were centers of learning and promoted literacy.
The spread of Islam into India was different from that in Africa because a. it allowed coexistence of indigenous religions and temples. b. it was done largely by force and removed many Hindu and Buddhist temples. c. Islam never really took off in India. d. African regions converted for the sole reason of trade. e. it was easier because there were no tribes and everyone spoke the same language.
b. it was done largely by force and removed many Hindu and Buddhist temples.
What was unusual about the heir designated by Sultan Iltutmish? a. it was his youngest son b. it was his daughter c. it was not a Muslim d. it was not a family member e. None of these are correct.
b. it was his daughter
The largest, most technologically advanced, and most seaworthy ship in the Indian Ocean was the Chinese a. galley. b. junk. c. skow. d. dhow. e. caravel.
b. junk.
How did the Vikings maneuver across long distances? a. use of the astrolabe and compass b. knowledge of the heavens and seas c. extensive Arabic maps d. legends and oral traditions e. trial and error
b. knowledge of the heavens and seas
Critical to the functioning of the Silk Road were a. imperial guards from various kingdoms along the way for protection of merchants. b. pastoralists who provided animals, handlers, and protection along the road. c. water merchants in the central Asian desert. d. Steppe agriculturalists who sold food products to travelers. e. Ferengi merchants who initiated standardized currency rates.
b. pastoralists who provided animals, handlers, and protection along the road.
By instituting civil service examinations for entrance into the government bureaucracy, the Song a. ensured that only the wealthy elite would retain positions of power. b. recruited the most talented men for government service. c. tried to limit the number of civil servants. d. drove the most talented people out of the country. e. severely limited its ability to get competent civil servants.
b. recruited the most talented men for government service.
Most subjects of both Byzantine and Sasanid rulers found common identity in a. language. b. religion. c. commerce. d. occupations. e. family kin groups.`
b. religion.
Agricultural workers who were legally bound to the manor and were obligated to perform set services for the lord were a. satraps. b. serfs. c. mobads. d. bailiffs. e. sheriffs.
b. serfs.
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical appointments was called a. purgatory. b. simony. c. investiture. d. nepotism. e. heresy.
b. simony.
What prevented the Mongols from conquering Japan? a. The Mongols feared the samurai military prowess. b. The jungle heat prevented their horses from continuing. c. A storm prevented them from establishing a base. d. Mongol tactics were no match for the Japanese military technology. e. The Japanese launched a surprise attack on the Mongol naval base.
c. A storm prevented them from establishing a base.
The Great Western Schism featured rival popes in Rome and a. Constantinople. b. Paris. c. Avignon. d. Venice. e. London.
c. Avignon.
What was/were first used by the Song to propel clusters of flaming arrows? a. Magneticism b. Bellows c. Gunpowder d. Catapults e. Stirrups
c. Gunpowder
Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is NOT true? a. It affirmed that monarchs are subject to established law. b. It confirmed the independence of the church and the city of London. c. It gave new rights to the peasants. d. It means "Great Charter." e. It guaranteed the nobles hereditary rights.
c. It gave new rights to the peasants.
Muhammad's teachings built upon the beliefs of a. Judaism and Buddhism. b. Judaism and Hinduism. c. Judaism and Christianity. d. Judaism and Zoroastrianism. e. Judaism and Manichaeism.
c. Judaism and Christianity.
What was the primary form of administrative record-keeping in the Inka Empire? a. Abacus b. Tunic c. Khipus d. Quinoa e. Cuzco
c. Khipus
The Chinese allowed Portugal to create a trading post at a. Beijing. b. Yuan. c. Macao. d. Cambaluc. e. Dien Bien Phu.
c. Macao.
Why did Muhammad leave Mecca for Medina (known as the hijra, which marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar)? a. He sought more followers in the north. b. One of his visions commanded him to. c. Meccan leaders were threatened by his popularity. d. Muhammad's wife had family in Medina. e. Theology argued that Abraham had lived in the north.
c. Meccan leaders were threatened by his popularity.
One difference between Indian Ocean and Mediterranean seafaring was that a. Indian Ocean ships were not as solidly built. b. Indian Ocean traders usually established colonies. c. Mediterranean seamen rarely sailed far from shore. d. Mediterranean ships relied on lateen sails. e. Mediterranean seamen were interested only in economic gains.
c. Mediterranean seamen rarely sailed far from shore.
The first Mongol conquests under Genghis Khan were in a. Central Asia, the Middle East, and Russia. b. Japan and Korea. c. Northern China. d. Egypt. e. Annam.
c. Northern China.
Which of the following is not true of pastoralists? a. The milk of their animals was more important than the meat. b. Pastoral groups in India were less numerous. c. Pastoralism did not allow for extensive cultivation. d. The largest concentration of pastoralists in the world was in northeastern Africa and Arabia. e. All of the above are correct.
c. Pastoralism did not allow for extensive cultivation.
Evidence of what revolutionary technology first comes from the Kushan people of northern Afghanistan? a. Chariot b. Chain mail c. Stirrup d. Hardtack e. Gunpowder
c. Stirrup
What caused the collapse of the empire of Great Zimbabwe? a. monsoon flooding b. conquest by Christian Ethiopians c. deforestation and cattle overgrazing d. prolonged drought that killed agriculture e. the order of Sultan Muhammed ibn Tughluq that the city be abandoned
c. deforestation and cattle overgrazing
The tropics are the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the a. polar caps. b. Gulf Stream. c. equator. d. Tropic of Capricorn. e. Sahara Desert.
d. Tropic of Capricorn.
Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with a. 180 men. b. 1,800 men. c. 18,000 men. d. 180,000 men. e. The Inca Empire defeated Pizarro.
a. 180 men.
The Mongol cavalry was only defeated at the Battle of a. Ain Jalut. b. Baghdad. c. Lake Chud. d. Delhi. e. Burma.
a. Ain Jalut.
The Russian prince who advocated cooperation with the Mongols to avoid destructive assimilation was a. Alexander Nevskii. b. Dmitri Donskoi. c. Ivan III. d. Vladimir the Viking. e. Grigorii Preobrazhenskii.
a. Alexander Nevskii.
The most convincing evidence indicates that camels were introduced to the Sahara from a. Arabia. b. North Africa and the Mediterranean coast. c. India, via the Indian Ocean trade. d. West Africa. e. They used camels indigenous to the area.
a. Arabia.
By the time of Columbus, these people were travelling throughout the Caribbean: a. Arawak and Carib. b. Inka and Aztecs. c. Anasazi and Hopewell. d. Toltec and Olmec. e. None of these are correct.
a. Arawak and Carib.
The capital of the Umayyad caliphate was in a. Damascus. b. Ephesus. c. Antioch. d. Bagdad. e. Mecca.
a. Damascus.
The exchange system involving salt, gold, copper, and manufactured goods first benefited what kingdom in sub-Saharan Africa? a. Ghana b. Egypt c. Tunisia d. Yemen e. Morocco
a. Ghana
What is considered the greatest Byzantine architectural monument? a. Hagia Sophia b. the Great Horn c. the Hippodrome d. the palace of the Porphyrogenitus rulers e. the library of Alexius Comnenus
a. Hagia Sophia
The largest and most powerful Andean empire before the Europeans arrived was the a. Inka. b. Mexica. c. Olmec. d. Aztec. e. Anasazi.
a. Inka.
The empires of Mali in West Africa and of Delhi in South Asia both utilized a. Islamic administration. b. papal administration. c. Orthodox Buddhist administration. d. a scholar bureaucracy. e. the electoral system.
a. Islamic administration.
Why is the Abbasid rule considered a "golden age"? a. It created a refined and cosmopolitan culture in Baghdad. b. The Spanish region was considered the golden frontier. c. It used gold as the standard coinage throughout the empire. d. It used the golden cow as the focus of religious worship. e. It is marked by the rule of the "golden" monarch, Abu Bakr.
a. It created a refined and cosmopolitan culture in Baghdad.
Whose famous pilgrimage to Mecca demonstrated his immense wealth? a. Mansa Kankan Musa b. Sundiata c. Mansa Suleiman d. Mahmud e. Raziya
a. Mansa Kankan Musa
What late-blooming caravan city was a pilgrimage site of the Ka'ba? a. Mecca b. Medina c. Jerusalem d. Baghdad e. Damascus
a. Mecca
Which Aztec emperor first encountered Cortés? a. Moctezuma II b. Montezuma I c. Tenochtitlan d. Cuauhtemoc e. Huayana Capac
a. Moctezuma II
What causes the rainy and dry seasons in the Indian Ocean? a. Monsoons b. "La Nina" c. the Gulf Stream d. "El Niño" e. The moon
a. Monsoons
By 1200, human migrations had spread many useful plants and animals from the Indo-Malayan region to Africa, including a. bananas, yams, and taro. b. corn, beans, and squash. c. wheat, millet, and barley. d. rice, kiwi, and manioc. e. tea, spelt, and barley.
a. bananas, yams, and taro.
The trans-Saharan trade routes would not have been possible were it not for the domestication of a. camels. b. donkeys. c. horses. d. cows. e. llamas.
a. camels.
Rather than political authorities, the different regional networks of the Indian Ocean trade were tied together by a. commercial interests. b. political authority. c. religious authority. d. a common language. e. the threat of Chinese intrusion.
a. commercial interests.
Umma means a. community of Muslims. b. unseen spirit. c. personal struggle. d. religious garment. e. None of these is correct.
a. community of Muslims.
The importance of trans-Saharan trade, though slow to begin and supplemented by Indian Ocean trade, was that it a. connected North and South Africa. b. spread Islam as a unifying force. c. was conducted by people speaking derivatives of Berber. d. allowed expansion of the Mediterranean trade market for African gold. e. linked the Silk Road to the Sand Routes.
a. connected North and South Africa.
Early sixteenth century Spanish adventurers who subjugated Mexico, Central America, and Peru were the a. conquistadors. b. teutonic knights. c. saracens. d. marines. e. encomiendas.
a. conquistadors.
The term investiture controversy refers to the a. dispute over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands. b. debate over how to invest church funds. c. conflict over choosing new popes. d. amount of power local priests were allowed. e. issue of whether a noble could marry a commoner.
a. dispute over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands.
The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through a. force. b. diplomatic negotiation. c. trade alliances. d. diplomatic negotiation and trade alliances e. None of these are correct.
a. force.
An early motivation for Portuguese maritime exploration was to a. gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade. b. find buried treasure near Madagascar. c. discover the "New World." d. find the Christian kingdom of Prester John. e. quell political dissent.
a. gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade.
By the late fifteenth century, the major port of Kilwa annually exported a ton of a. gold. b. iron. c. tin. d. wine. e. ink.
a. gold.
Latin Europe innovated these ideas as degree-granting corporations imparting both religious and nonreligious knowledge. a. Madrasas b. Museums c. Monasteries d. Universities e. Guilds
d. Universities
Spain and Portugal's "reconquest" and political consolidation of the Iberian Peninsula was designed to recapture land from a. muslims. b. protestants. c. peasants. d. slaves. e. Africans.
a. muslims.
The traditional occupation in the Arabian Peninsula was more farming than a. pastoral nomadism. b. trade caravans. c. maritime trading. d. artisanship. e. self-sufficient religious sects.
a. pastoral nomadism.
The status of women in tropical India may have improved, based on reports that a. sati became optional. b. the number of years of education increased. c. women wore more gold jewelry. d. women were able to achieve spiritual enlightenment. e. footbinding was on the decline.
a. sati became optional.
Japanese emperors a. seldom wielded any real political power. b. required the Mandate of Heaven to maintain power. c. came from constantly changing lineages. d. maintained tight political control. e. were never female.
a. seldom wielded any real political power.
The Ming Empire attempted to reestablish Chinese predominance and prestige in the Indian Ocean by a. sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433. b. employing Mongol horsemen to travel the Silk Road. c. attempting to defeat the Portuguese in the famous sea battle of Calcutta. d. establishing maritime courts to deal with pirates and privateers. e. building "artificial" islands.
a. sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433.
What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe? a. the Black Death b. the rise of popular literature c. the rise of cities d. the decimated agricultural productivity of the early thirteenth century e. emancipation after participating in the Hundred Years' War
a. the Black Death
Columbus insisted that he had reached a. the Indian Ocean. b. the West Indies. c. the New World. d. China. e. Malacca.
a. the Indian Ocean.
The cultural blending associated with the expansion and spread of Islam from 1200 to 1500 can be seen by examining a. the design of mosques that combine older traditions and new influences. b. the changes in the Quran that blend older traditions and new influences. c. the development of double-entry bookkeeping and banking. d. the blending of biblical and Quranic writings. e. the development of banking.
a. the design of mosques that combine older traditions and new influences.
In 1500, what did Portuguese mariners discover while attempting to find a favorable wind around Africa? a. the east coast of South America b. the west coast of North America c. the North Pole d. the Russian coast e. Hawaii
a. the east coast of South America
The continued growth of trade and manufacturing after 1200 resulted in a. the growth of wealthy port cities and urban areas in the Latin West. b. the continuing economic depression in agriculture. c. the isolation of Europe from the rest of the world. d. religious revival and expansion. e. strict government regulation.
a. the growth of wealthy port cities and urban areas in the Latin West.
One effect of the rise of cities in Yuan China was a. the increasing influence of Mandarin. b. the rise of a class of educated holy men. c. the decline of the prestige of the warrior class. d. improved nutrition of the urban population. e. an interest in trade for the first time in China.
a. the increasing influence of Mandarin.
What facilitated the spread of Christianity to Armenia? a. the invention of an Armenian alphabet in the early fifth century b. the creation of new Christian myths that included Armenian folklore c. the excellent management of the Christian church d. the prejudices against Buddhist monks in the cities e. the high taxation of non-Christians in Armenia
a. the invention of an Armenian alphabet in the early fifth century
In addition to providing many charitable services, one of the most important effects of monasticism was a. the preservation of literacy and learning, particularly with regard to ancient Latin texts. b. the new hierarchy it imposed on the church. c. the aggressive missionary efforts of Benedictine monks. d. the creation of a religious warrior class. e. preserving the work of the ancient Greeks.
a. the preservation of literacy and learning, particularly with regard to ancient Latin texts.
The establishment of Zoroastrianism and Christianity as official faiths in the Sasanid and Byzantine empires (respectively) set the precedent for what future event? a. the rise of Islam as the focus of a political empire b. the dominance of monotheism in all subsequent empires c. the rejection of religion as an official political focus d. the rise of corrupt leadership in those empires e. the worldwide spread of Christianity
a. the rise of Islam as the focus of a political empire
Which are important technological innovations of the Song Empire? a. the stern-mounted rudder, high-quality steel, and gunpowder b. silk, the saddle, and the printing press c. the battering ram, the chariot, and the lateen sail d. the astrolabe, the horse collar, and the crossbow e. the clock, paper, and the cure for the plague
a. the stern-mounted rudder, high-quality steel, and gunpowder
Ships in the Indian Ocean Maritime System were better prepared for long-distance travel than the Greeks because a. they could take advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships using triangular lateen sails. b. the Greeks were not interested in long-distance trade. c. the Greeks had to cover a larger amount of territory for colonies to support their homeland. d. the Asian ships weren't nailed together and sank less often. e.Greek ships used square sails, which weighed more.
a. they could take advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships using triangular lateen sails.
The peoples of Central Asia have engaged in long-distance movement and exchange from at least a. 3000 BCE. b. 2000 BCE. c. 1000 BCE. d. 0 CE. e. 1000 CE.
b. 2000 BCE. (1500 bce)
Charlemagne was the first person to have the title emperor in Western Europe in a. 100 years. b. 300 years. c. 500 years. d. 700 years. e. 1,000 years.
b. 300 years.
As a result of the Crusades, Europeans were exposed to all of the following EXCEPT a. Arabic translations of ancient Greek science and philosophy. b. access to a variety of classical Latin works, particularly those of Aristotle, heretofore unknown in western Europe. c. pasta, paper, and refined sugar. d. hard soap and colored glass. e. original thought-provoking works by Arab and Iranian writers.
b. access to a variety of classical Latin works, particularly those of Aristotle, heretofore unknown in western Europe.
Guilds, which came to dominate medieval European life, was a. a band of knights without ties to a lord. b. an association of craft specialists from the same trade. c. an order of monks. d. a unit of currency in use throughout the Latin West. e. a measurement of distance.
b. an association of craft specialists from the same trade.
Family life in the Indian Ocean coastal areas was considered more cosmopolitan because a. it was wealthier. b. blended families were bicultural and bilingual. c. they were monotheistic. d. they were not economically tied to agriculture. e. women were allowed to hold political offices.
b. blended families were bicultural and bilingual.
The most profitable item traded from North Africa to Timbuktu was a. gold. b. books. c. ink. d. slaves. e. oil.
b. books.
What transformational change to later medieval military technology most directly impacted armored knights? a. the catapult b. crossbows with metal-tipped arrows c. the organization of knights into armies and primitive biological warfare d. universal male conscription and the invention of the mace e. military advancement based on merit
b. crossbows with metal-tipped arrows
The first knowledge of Korea, Japan, and Vietnam was demonstrated by a. travel accounts of Marco Polo. b. early Chinese travelers and officials. c. the exodus of Buddhist monks. d. reports of areas for conquest from the Khitan. e. Buddhist missionaries.
b. early Chinese travelers and officials.
After the tenth century the Roman Catholic Church faced all of the following challenges EXCEPT a. disagreements over church regulations. b. getting the office of pope more acknowledged internationally. c. shortages of trained clergy. d. continued infractions of the rules against clergy marrying. e. residual pagan practices such as the worship of rivers, trees, and mountains.
b. getting the office of pope more acknowledged internationally.
The Mongol leader, the khan, a. had absolute power in decision making. b. had his decisions ratified by a council. c. was a figurehead only. d. had no power to make decisions but retained a veto. e. deferred to the Mongol Parliament.
b. had his decisions ratified by a council.
Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator because a. he was the first person to round the Cape of Good Hope. b. he devoted his life to promoting exploration. c. he designed the compass. d. he discovered America. e. "navigator" means conqueror in Portuguese.
b. he devoted his life to promoting exploration.
The tributary system was a practice in which a. the emperor traveled to foreign countries to pledge his allegiance to them b. independent countries acknowledged the supremacy of the Chinese emperor c. the emperor made an annual trip down the Grand Canal d. the emperor made a pilgrimage to please the gods and the ancient ancestors e. China built new canals for transportation and irrigation
b. independent countries acknowledged the supremacy of the Chinese emperor
The innovation that allowed knights to fight with lances was the a. ironwork. b. stirrup. c. chain mail. d. hauberk. e. None of these is correct.
b. stirrup
The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was that a. the motives of the Spanish were purely religious. b. the Spanish Empire was a territorial empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a trading empire. c. the motives of the Portuguese Empire were purely economic. d. the Spanish Empire was a trading empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a territorial empire. e. the Spanish Empire was only an "intellectual" empire.
b. the Spanish Empire was a territorial empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a trading empire.
Latin Europe regained some of the "lost knowledge" of the Greek and Arab world when works by Plato and Aristotle came into the Latin West through a. the recapture of northern Germany from the Huns. b. the recapture of southern Italy from the Byzantines and of Sicily and Toledo from the Muslims. c. contact with the court of Khubilai Khan. d. the discovery of the remains of the Library of Alexandria. e. the lively trade in classical antiquities.
b. the recapture of southern Italy from the Byzantines and of Sicily and Toledo from the Muslims.
Tax farming in the il-Khan state was a. the payment of taxes solely by farmers. b. the sale of tax-collecting contracts to small corporations. c. the exemption granted to farmers from taxation. d. the growth of a new cash crop. e. the raising of crops on government land to pay for government expenses.
b. the sale of tax-collecting contracts to small corporations.
Which of the following statements about Muslim women is NOT true? a. they were permitted to divorce b. they often played a role in public life c. they were permitted to practice birth control d. they were permitted to own property e. they adopted the Byzantine and Sasanid custom of veiling
b. they often played a role in public life
1. Why did the Fujiwara family of Heian Japan choose to entrust responsibility for local government to their warriors, called "samurai"? a. they did not have enough power to do it themselves b. they preferred aesthetic pursuits c. as Confucian gentlemen, it was below them d. they spent too much time learning Buddhism and praying e. they had no choice; the warriors were too powerful
b. they preferred aesthetic pursuits
What was the word for charging interest, which Latin Christians generally considered to be a sin? a. penury b. usury c. falsity d. None of these are correct. e. All of these are correct.
b. usury
The Mongol way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, was called a. hunterism. b. agriculturalism. c. nomadism. d. isolationism. e. urbanism.
c.
Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of the Chinese fleet? a. The Chinese had suffered great epidemics from their contacts in the Indian Ocean. b. Zheng He's fleet was sunk by Portuguese naval might. c. The government opposed increased contact with people considered as barbarians. d. The unpredictable weather of the Indian Ocean made these voyages too unsafe. e. Zheng He used the fleet to lead a revolution against the Ming emperor.
c. The government opposed increased contact with people considered as barbarians.
Which of the following was replaced in China by the Korean innovation called moveable type? a. Ink making b. Calligraphy c. Woodblock printing d. Papermaking e. Printing press
c. Woodblock printing
The spread of Islam through the Sahara was by conquest while the spread of Islam to lands south of the Sahara came about through a. war. b. forced conversion. c. a gradual and peaceful process of conversion through increasing commercial contacts. d. the missionary efforts of the Arabs during the Umayyad Caliphate. e. the travels of Ibn Battuta.
c. a gradual and peaceful process of conversion through increasing commercial contacts.
Henry the Navigator's staff improved prior inventions such as the magnetic compass and the a. rudder. b. steering wheel. c. astrolabe. d. astronomical chart. e. longitude marker.
c. astrolabe.
After Muhammad's death, the Muslim community a. held general elections to replace Muhammad. b. abandoned the orthodox teachings of Islam. c. chose a successor (caliph), Abu Bakr. d. searched the entire peninsula for a suitable successor, according to Muhammad's last instructions. e. embraced his wife, Khadija, as his successor.
c. chose a successor (caliph), Abu Bakr.
Chinese maritime innovations included a. lateen sails and astrolabes. b. gunboats and maps. c. compasses and junks. d. the bulwark and jute rope. e. carrier pigeons and cannon.
c. compasses and junks.
Despite political decay in al-Andalus, under Islamic leadership, the Jewish people of Spain a. experienced widespread discrimination. b. were frequently arrested and persecuted. c. contributed to the cultural growth of Spain as great thinkers and writers, such as Maimonides. d. experienced a diaspora to eastern Europe. e. passed laws ensuring the ascension of Jews to the Spanish throne.
c. contributed to the cultural growth of Spain as great thinkers and writers, such as Maimonides.
Mali derived significant income from a. shifting agriculture trade with Yoruba. b. the slave trade with Portugal. c. control of gold and copper trade with North African Muslim traders. d. coffee trade with Ethopia. e. glass trade with Benin.
c. control of gold and copper trade with North African Muslim traders.
What battle saw the victory of Ali over two of Muhammad's close companions and his favorite wife A'isha? a. the Battle of the Ka'ba b. the Battle of the Caliphate c. the Battle of the Camel d. the Battle of the Medina e. None of these are correct.
c. the Battle of the Camel
What was the political influence of Buddhism in the Tang Empire? a. it taught strict obedience to a hierarchy b. it taught oneness with nature c. it accorded emperors the spiritual function of welding the people into a harmonious society d. it taught that the king was descended from a god e. it taught the Chinese tolerance for all peoples
c. it accorded emperors the spiritual function of welding the people into a harmonious society
The development of ______ in Africa involved the smelting of iron in the early first millennium CE. a. alchemy b. divination c. metallurgy d. Bantuism e. mining
c. metallurgy
What was the average mortality rate in Western Europe from the Black Death? a.one in ten b. one in four c. one in three d. one in two e. two in three
c. one in three
The cultivation of what fit well with Confucian social ideas? a. tea b. grapes c. rice d. grain e. corn
c. rice
In medieval Europe, the primary centers for agricultural production were a. scattered farms owned by the regional nobility. b. small farms owned by those who worked on them. c. self-sufficient farming estates known as manors. d. normally worked by slaves. e. communal property under village control.
c. self-sufficient farming estates known as manors.
What did the Sasanid and Byzantine Empires have in common? a. dependence on camels b. a shared distaste for Christianity c. state religions d. a military emphasis on cavalry e. societal unrest because of religious heterogeneity
c. state religions
Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam all spread a. only within their own countries until the nineteenth century. b. only to their neighboring countries. c. without dependency on a single ethnic or kinship group. d. predominantly by warfare. e. most often by the use of missionaries, generally sponsored by the government.
c. without dependency on a single ethnic or kinship group.
When did William the Conqueror invade England? a. 793 b. 843 c. 999 d. 1066 e. 1179
d. 1066
Africa is the home to approximately how many languages? a. 250 b. 500 c. 1,000 d. 2,000 e. 2,500
d. 2,000
The powerful West African kingdom of Benin limited its contacts with the Portuguese by a. refusing to accept Catholicism. b. declining offers to receive missionaries. c. closing the market in male slaves. d. All of these are correct. e. None of these are correct.
d. All of these are correct.
The Vikings were the greatest mariners of which body of water in the Early Middle Ages? a. Mediterranean Sea b. Indian Ocean c. Pacific Ocean d. Atlantic Ocean e. Black Sea
d. Atlantic Ocean
The term "tsar" was of ____ origin. a. Latin b. Mongol c. Chinese d. Byzantine e. Russian
d. Byzantine
Which of the following was a reason for Iberian overseas exploration? a. long-standing Muslim alliances b. Spain was a center of Renaissance learning. c. They already had the major share of Mediterranean trade. d. Christian militancy e. None of these are correct.
d. Christian militancy
The misleadingly named "Fourth Crusade" was actually a Venetian-inspired assault on what city? a. Alexandria b. Athens c. Tunis d. Constantinople e. Rome
d. Constantinople
Which of the following trends led Latin Europe to adventure to the New World? a. The revival of urban life and trade b. Alliances between merchants and rulers c. The struggle with Islamic powers in the Mediterranean d. Growing intellectual curiosity e. All of these are correct.
d. Growing intellectual curiosity
Who led in the use of the new printing press? a. Erasmus b. Van Eyck c. Da Vinci d. Guttenberg e. Rembrandt
d. Guttenberg
General Zhang Jian is credited with travelling across the deserts and mountains of Central Asia on behalf of Emperor Wu of which empire? a. Babylonian b. Mauryan c. Chin d. Han e. Persian
d. Han
Which peasant led French forces to victory over the English in 1429 during the Hundred Years' War? a. Phillip the Fair b. Nicolaus Copernicus c. Isabella of France d. Joan of Arc e. William the Conqueror
d. Joan of Arc
Which sailors were the first to use the monsoon winds to extend their voyages thousands of miles? a. Arab b. Chinese c. African d. Malay e. Portuguese
d. Malay
What was the name of the Turkic slaves the Abbasids used for military service? a. Berbers b. Arabian Knights c. Taherts d. Mamluks e. None of these are correct.
d. Mamluks
"Swahili" comes from an Arabic word meaning a. Ocean. b. Dark. c. Trade. d. Shores. e. Faith.
d. Shores.
Chinese transportation innovations during the Song period included significant design improvement of this device. a. The sextant b. The astrolabe c. The caravel d. The compass e. The horse cart
d. The compass
A significant military threat to western Europe in the late eighth century came from Scandinavia when a. the Abbasid Caliphate's re-conquest of Islamic territories. b. the reappearance from the eastern Steppes of the Huns. c. uprisings of Germanic tribes against Charlemagne's expansion. d. Viking raiders attacked and plundered the British, Danish, and French coastal areas. e. a renewed naval fleet from Carthage.
d. Viking raiders attacked and plundered the British, Danish, and French coastal areas.
The sixth-century "plague of Justinian" was a. an economic crisis caused by the emperor's economic policies. b. the death and destruction caused by Justinian's marauding armies. c. the moral decay and social class struggle in the empire. d. an outbreak of bubonic plague during Justinian's rule. e. a further divide between the Western and Eastern Churches.
d. an outbreak of bubonic plague during Justinian's rule.
Umayyad Spain developed a distinctive Islamic culture because of the a. growing influence of Russian and Frankish traditions in Spain. b. decrease in Arab power combined with a growing Christian influence. c. Viking invasions of the ninth century. d. blending of Roman, Germanic, Jewish, Arab, and Berber traditions. e. blending of Islam with Roman traditions and Visigoth culture.
d. blending of Roman, Germanic, Jewish, Arab, and Berber traditions.
For all of its shortcomings, the Delhi Sultanate triggered the development of a. reliable and safe water supply to the region. b. new irrigation system of qanats to the region. c. safe haven for religious exiles. d. centralized political authority to India. e. new unifying religion in the form of Islam.
d. centralized political authority to India.
After the city of Mecca surrendered to Muhammad, he established a new state based on a a. democratic government system. b. dynastic system with his sons as the monarchs. c. government system similar to the Persian administration. d. common religious faith. e. loose coalition of Arab city-states.
d. common religious faith.
The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with a. open arms. b. panic and fear. c. awe. d. derisive laughter. e. religious enthusiasm.
d. derisive laughter.
As prosperity and population increased in Song China, Chinese officials a. invented birth control methods to control population growth. b. suppressed personal freedom and wealth. c. sent people to fight wars in foreign lands as a population release valve. d. developed water management, waste management, and firefighting techniques. e. began to expand China's territory and settle people in the newly acquired lands.
d. developed water management, waste management, and firefighting techniques.
The Asian vessels of the Indian Ocean were called junks and a. caravels. b. triremes. c. galleons. d. dhows. e. sloops.
d. dhows.
During the Song period, women experienced subordination and social restriction, epitomized by a. a decrease in voting rights. b. widow-burning. c. veiling. d. foot-binding. e. loss of custody of their children after divorce.
d. foot-binding.
Traditions relating the deeds and words of Muhammad which, next to the Quran, are the most importance source for Islamic law, are called a. ulama. b. umma. c. shari'a. d. hadith. e. None of these is correct.
d. hadith.
After rejection by his family for the title of Great Khan, Khubilai formed a. the Golden Horde. b. the Central Asian Khanate. c. Il-Khan Empire of Iran. d. the Yuan Empire in China and Siberia. e. he was assassinated by political rivals.
d. the Yuan Empire in China and Siberia.
One early Russian chronicle reports that Vladimir I rejected Judaism due to doubts about a powerful god who would let the ancient Jewish kingdom be destroyed, and he chose Christianity over Islam because a. he felt that Islam was more appropriate to nomadic peoples. b. he felt that a relationship with Islam would do nothing to promote trade. c. he got special dispensation from the pope to marry two wives. d. he knew that Islam forbade alcohol consumption. e. he was a great art lover, and in his view Islam had no beautiful religious buildings.
d. he knew that Islam forbade alcohol consumption.
In India, a woman's status was determined by a. her mother. b. her religion. c. her economic status. d. her male master. e. her marital status.
d. her male master.
Muslim means a. first followers. b. the one true religion. c. holy people. d. one who submits to the will of God. e. chosen for purity.
d. one who submits to the will of God.
The Tang Empire declined when a. earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities. b. plague swept the capital. c. the Grand Canal silted up and the government couldn't afford to dredge it. d. political decay and military decline undermined the social order. e. the Yellow River flooded and destroyed all of the good farmland.
d. political decay and military decline undermined the social order.
The traders of the Indian Ocean, where distances were greater and contacts less frequent, a. did not tend to be multilingual. b. rarely strayed far from the shorelines. c. kept strong ties to their homelands. d. seldom retained political ties with their homelands. e. None of these are correct.
d. seldom retained political ties with their homelands.
Which of the following covered a larger and more diverse area than any other cultural region in the first Millennium CE and had a lower overall population density? a. the West Asian steppes b. the Indian subcontinent c. Europe d. sub-Saharan Africa e. North Africa
d. sub-Saharan Africa
Ming China didn't develop seafaring for commercial and military because commercial maritime expectations fell short and a. the emperor feared outside contacts and influence. b. the peasantry were a strong voting lobby and refused to support it. c. the merchants were opposed to losing their domestic markets. d. the Mongol threat from the north and west took priority over seafaring. e. the Japanese merchants undercut the market and stole China's trading partners.
d. the Mongol threat from the north and west took priority over seafaring.
It appears that women enjoyed greater status in Korea and Vietnam; for example, a. samurai warriors could be either male or female. term-97 b. the Fujiwara family was led by a matriarchy that passed property through the female line. c. the Yi sisters of Korea led a revolt against the imposition of taxes. d. the Trung sisters of Vietnam led local farmers in resistance against invaders. e. women were allowed to join the priesthood and perform religious rituals.
d. the Trung sisters of Vietnam led local farmers in resistance against invaders.
Sugar grown with slave labor on which island became a model for the slave-based sugar economy of the New World? a. Crete b. Cyprus c. Sicily d. All of these are correct. e. None of these are correct.
e.
What percentage of the western European population lived in urban areas during the late Middle Ages? a. 10% b. 25% c. 50% d. 70% e. 90%
e. 90%
Which of the following is not an example of a broad common element underlying African life and culture? a. Cultivation by hoe and digging stick b. Distinctive musical characteristics c. Concepts of kingship d. Fixed social categories e. A common language
e. A common language
How did the rise of medieval Islam give trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost? a. The Muslim cities in the Middle East provided a demand for commodities. b. Networks of Muslim traders tied the region together. c. The Muslim traders shared a common ethic, language, and law. d. Muslim traders actively spread their religion to distant trading cities. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
The advantage of the caravel was that it was a. fast. b. maneuverable. c. a good fighting ship. d. armed with small cannons. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was a. considerable Portuguese profit. b. that they charged a lower price for pepper than Venice or Genoa. c. that more spices and luxury goods were shipped to Europe. d. of little impact on the African and Asian mainlands. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
The significant scientific discoveries of Islamic scholars were translated by a. Arabic scholars. b. Byzantine monks into Greek. c. Christian scholars in Spain. d. Indian scholars in Delhi. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
What did the Portuguese receive in their trade with the kingdom of Benin? a. pepper b. ivory tusks c. stone beads d. slaves e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
What does Islam call on people to believe? a. that they must surrender to the will of God b. that Islam is the one true religion c. that Allah will reward or punish all people after death d. that the Quran is the revelation of Allah e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following describes the Aztec tribute system? a. It comprised of people defeated in warfare b. Defeated people were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods. c. Defeated people were forced to pay a tax in the form of labor. d. It was an essential aspect of Aztec economic power. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following fields of study were directly associated with the humanists? a. grammar b. rhetoric c. history d. language e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following helped to increase Indian Ocean trade between 1200 and 1500? a. The collapse of the Mongol Empire, which disrupted the overland trade routes b. Increased demand for luxury goods such as jewels, fine textiles, and precious metals c. The rising prosperity of Asian, European, and African states, which stimulated expansion d. The construction of larger ships, making shipping cargo more profitable e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following is true of "new monarchies" in Europe between 1450 and 1600? a. The primary nations were England, France, and Spain. b. It increased centralized power within largely fixed geographic limits. c. It increased control over powerful noble families. d. They relied on full-time armies paid for through taxes. e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Why has Aden thrived commercially since ancient times? a Favorable maritime winds b. Mutual tolerance of diverse religions c. Geostrategic location d. Favorable rainfall for drinking water e. All of these are correct.
e. All of these are correct.
Most sub-Saharan languages come from one giant linguistic family, called a. Sudanese-Zulu. b. Swahili. c. Semitic. d. Niger-Kongo. e. Bantu.
e. Bantu.
The Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade were most influential in fostering the spread of which religion? a. Judaism b. Jainism c. Sikhism d. Shinto e. Buddhism
e. Buddhism
The Portuguese contribution to shipbuilding technology was the creation of which small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship? a. Dhow b. Junk c. Galleon d. Trireme e. Caravel
e. Caravel
In 1453, the Ottomans led by Sultan Mehmet II captured which important Christian city of the Byzantine Empire? a. Kiev b. Vienna c. Paris d. Budapest e. Constantinople
e. Constantinople
The spread of Christianity into Nubia proceeded from a. Syria. b. Egypt. c. Arabia. d. Italy. e. Ethiopia.
e. Ethiopia.
Muslim religious practice is based on the a. Three Goals to Salvation. b. Ten Commandments. c. Eightfold Path. d. Four Noble Truths. e. Five Pillars.
e. Five Pillars.
Why was there a cultural flowering in Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia under the Timurids? a. The European style of the Renaissance reached Central Asia. b. The Dutch tulip was a cultural catalyst between the two societies. c. The Timurids were schooled in art in Italy. d. Egyptian artisans migrated throughout Central Asia and the Middle East. e. Iran and China shared artistic trends and political ideas.
e. Iran and China shared artistic trends and political ideas.
What official role did the Catholic Church play in the persecution of Jews in medieval Europe? a. It usually organized the persecution. b. It did not often participate but usually looked the other way when persecution took place. c. It assisted the authorities in helping to find out which Jews were responsible for any social disturbances. d. It advocated a separate Jewish state in Europe. e. It played no official role, but only the papal city of Rome left its Jews undisturbed.
e. It played no official role, but only the papal city of Rome left its Jews undisturbed.
From what city was the Bubonic Plague first carried into Europe? a. Paris b. Rome c. Venice d. Genoa e. Kaffa
e. Kaffa
Shamanism was prevalent in which country prior to the introduction of Confucianism and Buddhism? a. Japan b. Laos c. Vietnam d. India e. Korea
e. Korea
Western Europeans of the later Middle Ages underscored their allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church and the Latin language and referred to themselves as a. Franks. b. Europeans. c. Westerners. d. "Old Worlders." e. Latins.
e. Latins.
The 1494 Treaty of _____ divided the New World between Spain and Portugal. a. Magellan. b. da Gama c. Columbus d. Rome e. Tordesillas
e. Tordesillas
1. The Sasanid Empire was centered in the area that is present-day Iran, while the Byzantine Empire was centered in the area that is present-day _______. a. Lebanon b. Egypt c. Afghanistan d. Greece e. Turkey
e. Turkey
Muslim religious scholars were known as a. Seljuks. b. Sultans. c. Umma. d. Imams. e. Ulama.
e. Ulama.
The Arabs' involvement in Byzantine and Sasanid conflicts led to the penetration of these religions into the Arabian Peninsula. a. Judaism and Christianity b. Judaism and Buddhism c. Christianity and Buddhism d. Zoroastrianism and Buddhism e. Zoroastrianism and Christianity
e. Zoroastrianism and Christianity
A fief was a. a small, nonhereditary manor. b. any estate governed by a hereditary lord. c. any small and independent kingdom. d. a Germanic peasant. e. a grant of land exchanged for a sworn oath to provide military service.
e. a grant of land exchanged for a sworn oath to provide military service.
What was not one of the reasons for the fall of the Sui dynasty? a. overextension of territory b. the high cost of their public works programs c. assassination of the emperor d. the need for massive resources e. adherence to Buddhism
e. adherence to Buddhism
The three-field system was a. the traditional three-part contest performed by knights. b. the legal system. c. the political relationship between king, lord, and serf. d. the technology used in medieval optics. e. an agricultural method.
e. an agricultural method.
Shipyards on the Malabar Coast and in the Persian Gulf built larger numbers of a. galleys. b. junks. c. catamarans. d. caravels. e. dhows.
e. dhows.
Which of the following statements about the development of movable type and the availability of printed material is NOT true? a. it gave people access to information on planting and irrigation b. it furthered the development of new agricultural land in the south c. it led to the adaptation of iron plows and rakes for wet-rice cultivation d. it spread information on how to prevent disease e. it helped spread subversive ideas and caused a number of rebellions, just as printing would in the West in the sixteenth century
e. it helped spread subversive ideas and caused a number of rebellions, just as printing would in the West in the sixteenth century
The foundation of Islamic civilization is the Shari'a, or a. taxes. b. community. c. literature. d. philosophy. e. law.
e. law.
The Renaissance began in a. eastern France. b. southern England. c. southern Russia. d. Austria. e. northern Italy.
e. northern Italy.
Books within the Catholic church to guide priests about appropriate penance for sin were called a. hymnals. b. catechism. c. triptychs. d. hagiographies. e. penitentials.
e. penitentials.
Which of the following was not a disease typically spread along the Mongol trade routes? a. typhus b. influenza c. smallpox d. bubonic plague e. rabies
e. rabies
Which of the following was not one of the active roles or special skills that women of the tropical regions played or contributed to their communities? a. Important culinary skills b. child rearing and heavy farm work c. spinning and weaving d. making clothing and clay pots e. ruling many countries
e. ruling many countries
In general, which of the following did not occur in western Europe after the decline of Roman authority? a. a legal framework disappeared b. there was increasing political fragmentation c. the population depended on local strongmen rather than on monarchs d. Roman traditions were replaced with family-based German traditions e. the city of Rome lost its prominence as the seat of the Roman church
e. the city of Rome lost its prominence as the seat of the Roman church
In Europe's later Middle Ages, the rapid growth of industry resulted in environmental changes; which of the following was not among them? a. deforestation b. water pollution by industries such as tanneries c. the damming of rivers d. the creation of quarry pits and mines e. the extinction of many animal species
e. the extinction of many animal species
Which factor was NOT a contributor to the doubling of the European population between 1100 and 1445? a. economic growth b. warm temperatures c. new farming techniques d. few epidemics e. unification under Christianity
e. unification under Christianity
Which of the following Chinese customs did the Japanese choose not to implement? a. architectural styles b. a Confucian-style central government c. the study of Buddhism d. the Confucian legal code e. walls around its cities for protection
e. walls around its cities for protection