CJ Assignment 10/29
Based on the decision in McNabb v. U.S., the standard maximum time by which a first appearance shold be held has been set at ___________________ hours after arrest.
48
The federal Speedy Trial Act allows for the dismissal of charges when a trial does NOT begin whithin ____________ working days after indictment.
70
How many federal judicial districts are there?
94
There are __________ federal judicial districts.
94
Judge Judy's court is known as:
A court of limited jurisdiction
Which of the following is an exception to the hearsay rule?
A dying decleration
What is hung jury?
A jury that is unable to agree on a verdict
Which of the following is a member of the courtroom work group?
A public defender
A meeting witht he police or prosecutor is called
An interview
The eighth amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees freedom from excessive bail being required however, it does not guarantee:
An opportunity for Bail
Mario is a criminal attorney with a private practice. He has been appointed by the court to serve as a defense attorney for an indigent defendant and receives a fee from the court at a rate set by the state government. Mariois a(n)___________ counsel.
Assigned
Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody to secure their appearance on the day and time appointed is called
Bail
Security given for the release of a criminal defendent or witness from legal custody to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed is known as:
Bail
The ________ keeps orders in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom.
Bailiff
A(n) ____________ provides information about the defendant's personality, family life, business acumen, and so on, in an effort to show that the defendant is not the kind of person who would commit the crime with which he or she is charged.
Character witness
___________________ evidence requires interpretation or requires a judge or jury to reach a conclusion based on what the evidence indicates.
Circumstantial
The role of the _________ is to create a record of all that occursduring a trial.
Court Reporter
TV shows like "the poeple's court and judge judy" are examples of which type of court?
Courts of limited jurisdiction
Which of the following provides the first appellate level for courts of limite jurisdiction?
Couts of general jurisdiction
A law intended to prevent the pretrial release of a criminal defendent judged to represent a danger to others in the community is know as:
Danger Law
The defendant exercises choice in the court process in which of the following decisions?
Deciding what plea to enter
An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oath is known as:
Deposition
Municipak Courts fall under:
District Court
How many judges make up the supreme court?
Eight associate judges and a Cheif Justice
____________ evicence is information having a tendency to clear a person of guilt or blame
Exculpatory
A crime carrying a penalty of more than a year in prison is known as a:
Felony
What is the earliest stage of the court process at which defendant mey be given formal notice of the charges against them?
First appearance
The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evicence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trail is:
Indictment
The government official with authority to decidre lawsuits brought before the court is:
Judge
________________ guilt is established only when the prosecutor presents sufficient evidence to convince the judge or jury that the defendant is guilty as charged.
Legal
Which U.S. Supreme Court case established the Court's authority as the final interpreter of the U.S. Constitution?
Marbury v. Madison
The court case that established the standard maximum time for first appearance to be held at 48 hours is:
McNabb v U.S.
what type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea
Nolo contendere
___________ appeals to federal appellate courts involve major questions of law and policy where there is considerable professional disagreement among the courts.
Nonconsensual
Standing mute although rarely used, means that the defendant's plea is:
Not Guilty
which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgment on the law and the facts.
Original jurisdiction
A process of negotioation that usually involves the defendant, the prosecutor, and the defense counsel and is founded on the mutual intrest of all involved is:
Plea Bargaining
Bob consigned all of his stock holdong to the court as collateral to ensure he would not abscond before trial. What type of bail did Bob post?
Property bond
Charles commited a crime and can not afford an anttorney. The judge allowed him to have a:
Public Defender
Which type if indigent defense involves the use of full-time salaried state employees?
Public defender programs
A defendent that is NOT indigent and who can afford private attorny fees will have whcich type of defense attorny?
Retained Council
To separate juries from outside influence during their deliberations is known as:
Sequester
Sarah was called to the stand to testify about what she was during the crime at her shop. This is called
Testimony
If the prosecutor calls a witness to the stand, who conducts the redirect examination?
The prosecutor
What is the primary purpose of the preliminary hearing?
To give defendants the opportunityto challange the legal basis for their detention
Which of the following is a purpose of bail?
To prevent unconvicted suspects from suffering imprisonment unnecessarily
A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court and give evidence.
Trail
George has been accused of multiple crimes. Why would the prosecuter wnat to try George seperatly on each charge?
Trying cgarges seperatly would allow another trial on a new charge if George is found not guilty at trial.
________________ are often considered the most forgotten people in the courtroom.
Victims
When is a probable cause hearing necessary?
When the arrest was made without a warrant
A trial de novo occurs when ____________________.
a case is retried on appeal
Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have _____________ jurisdiction.
appellate
Defendants who are given the option of deposit bail______________________.
are required to comply with various conditions imposed by the court
A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does NOT appear is known as a(n)____________.
bail bond
The standard of proof requires for conviction in a criminal trial is _____________________.
beyond a reasonable doubt
The most important form of prosecutorial discretion lies in the power to:
charge; or not to charge, a person with an offense
During jury selection, challenges for cause ________________.
claim that an individual juror cannot be fair or impartial
All states have a(n) _____________.
court of last resort
A(n) _______________ laws limits the right to bail for certain kinds of offenders
danger
The primary purpose of criminal trial is to__________________.
determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant
While Bob was studying in the library, jis wallet was stolen. When the thief was caught, Bob opted to resolve the case informally at a ______________ staffed by volunteer mediators.
dispute-resolution center
An indictment is filed by the ________________.
grand jury
The Judge
holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law
A formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, usually a felony, is known as an _________________.
indictment
A subpoena__________________________.
is a written order requiring an individial to appear in court
An eyewitness who saw a crime being committed is an example of a(n) ______________ witness
lay
When a defendant "stand mute" at arraignment, he or she is considered to have entered a ________________ plea.
not guilty
Joel has been sworn in as a witness in a criminal trial. When asked about the defendant's whereabouts at hte time of the crime, Joel deliberately lies to give the defendant an alibi. Joel's action is known as __________________.
perjury
Release on recognizance____________________.
permits release on the basis of a written promise to appear.
A drug court is an example of a(n) ________________.
problem-solving court
Weapons, tire tracks, and fingerprints are examples of ________________ evidence.
real
The power of judicial review allows the U.S. Supreme Court to _______________________.
review lower-court decisions and state and federal statutes
A ______________ jury is isolated from the public and removed from all outside influences.
sequestered
The clerck of court is responsible for_________.
summoning members of the public for jury duty
American criminal trial courts operate under a structure known as______________.
the adversarial system
U.S. district courts are the _____________ for the federal court system.
trial courts