Climate Change Module 2

What is an organic molecule?

A molecule that contains both carbon and hydrogen.

What are the four organic molecules that make up living organisms?

Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids.

What does ATP do in a cell?

It is the energy carrier of a cell.

Fossil fuel is an energy source made from ...

The remains of organisms from long ago.

There are three pigments commonly associated with photosynthesis: two forms of chlorophyll as well as:

carotenoids.

Where does the first part of photosynthesis, the light reactions take place?

in the thylakoid in the chloroplast.

Which of these organelles is most closely associated with the process of cellular respiration?

mitochondria

The process of photosynthesis can be summarized as a series of reactions during which a plant (or other photosynthetic organism)

Captures water and carbon dioxide and produces sugars and oxygen.

Which best describes the principles of the global carbon cycle?

Carbon naturally cycles between nonliving reservoirs called sinks and living organisms called sources.

Pigments commonly associated with photosynthesis

Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll a, and carotenoids

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the carbon cycle?

During the carbon cycle, carbon is released into the atmosphere by living organisms through cellular respiration and removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.

Due to its chemical structure, a carbon atom may form up to how many chemical bonds?

Four bonds.

G3P

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Used to produce carbohydrate during the Calvin cycle reactions of photosynthesis.

Which of these organelles is most likely associated with the process of cellular respiration?

Mitochondria

The burning of fossil fuels releases CO2 faster

One of the biggest contributors to the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

A molecule that contains both carbon and hydrogen can be classified as a(n):

Organic molecule and includes examples like proteins and carbohydrates.

During the light reactions, a photosynthetic organism is able to use...

Pigments to absorb solar energy.

NADPH

The reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Carries high - energy electrons during photosynthesis. Used for its energy and then recycled: Formed from NADP+ when it accepts high-energy electrons.

Carbon is able to form four chemical bonds because of its...

chemical structure.

Which of these organelles is most closely associated with the process of photosynthesis?

chloroplasts.

During photosynthesis, NADPH and _______ are used for their energy.

ATP

Which of the following properties provides an accurate reason as to why carbon is important to living organisms?

Carbon has the ability to form long chains and complex ring structures that play in important role in forming large molecules.

What are statements that, together, describe the principles of the global carbon cycle?

Carbon is released from sources like living organisms as they break down carbohydrates through cellular respiration. Plants and other autotrophs remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere when they produce carbohydrates through photosynthesis. Carbon sinks exist in reservoirs, like oceans, fossil fuel stores, and the atmosphere.

Molecules that are used for energy and then recycled during photosynthesis?

NADPH & ATP

What are statements that summarize the role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?

Photosynthesis combines carbon dioxide, sunlight, and water to make carbohydrates. Photosynthesis takes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Photosynthesis is a natural process performed by autotrophs, including plants.

Which statement best summarizes the role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?

Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere during the carbon cycle.

Statements that, together, describe the principles of the global carbon cycle.

Plants and other autotrophs remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere when they produce carbohydrates through photosynthesis. Carbon is released from sources like living organisms as they break down carbohydrates through cellular respiration. Carbon sinks exist in reservoirs, like oceans, fossil fuel stores, and the atmosphere.

How might you summarize what happens during photosynthesis?

Plants capture energy from sunlight and use it to synthesize organic molecules.

During the carbon cycle, some natural processes add and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis, and all living organisms release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during cellular respiration.

The light from the sun has both;

a wave and a particle nature.

The wavelengths of light that are most important for the process of photosynthesis are...

between 380 and 740 nanometers, in the visible spectrum.

The purpose of the light reactions is to ....

capture solar energy and transfer it to high - energy molecules.

During photosynthesis, solar energy, water, and ___________ react in two stages to produce sugars and ________

carbon dioxide, oxygen.

The impact of releasing stored ________ from the burning of fossil fuels is an increase in _________

carbon; atmospheric carbon

Which of these is most closely associated with the process of photosynthesis.

chloroplasts.

In the United States, more than 80% of our energy needs are met using...

fossil fuels.

The wavelengths of light that are most important to the process of photosynthesis are ...

in the visible spectrum.

Sunlight can be described as having two different natures, observable in its behavior. Sunlight strikes the Earth as a _____ called a photon and then travels with a wave nature, in a pathway called a wavelength.

particle.

The smallest unit of light that oscillates on a path called wavelength is referred to as a(n)

photon.

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two natural processes that are part of the carbon cycle. These two processes are related in part because the inputs for; _____ , carbon dioxide and water, are the outputs of ; _____

photosynthesis; cellular respiration.

What is the molecule serves as an energy carrier for a cell?

ATP

The outputs of photosynthesis...

glucose and oxygen

A particle of light is referred to as a(n)

photon

Which of these are examples of fossil fuels?

Oil, coal, and natural gas.

What is ATP?

The energy carrier of the cell. Used for its energy and then recycled: Formed from ADP+ P with an input of energy. ADP + P + energy = ATP. Converted back to ADP + P once its energy is used to form carbohydrates during photosynthesis. ATP = ADP + P + energy.

Which best describes the role of fossil fuels in the carbon cycle?

The formation of fossil fuels stores carbon underground (adding to reservoirs) and burning them releases that carbon back into the atmosphere (a source of carbon).

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

The inputs for photosynthesis (carbon dioxide and water) are the outputs of cellular respiration, while the outputs of photosynthesis (carbohydrates and oxygen) are the inputs for cellular respiration.

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

The inputs for photosynthesis (carbon dioxide and water) are the outputs of photosynthesis (carbohydrates and oxygen) are the inputs for cellular respiration