Clinical Chemistry
Which of the following hormones promotes hyperglycemia?
Growth hormone
Which of the following conditions is associated with "β-ϒ bridging"?
Hepatic cirrhosis
Blood ammonia levels are usually measured in order to evaluate:
Hepatic coma
Which of the following is the reference method for measuring serum glucose?
Hexokinase
What is the typical time course for plasma TnI or TnT following an acute MI?
Abnormal within 4 hours; peaks within 24 hours; returns to normal in 1 week Correct
In absorption spectrophotometry:
Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration
Bilirubin is transported from reticuloendothelial cells to the liver by:
Albumin
An automated CK assay gives a reading that is above the limits of linearity. A dilution of the serum sample is made by adding 1 mL of serum to 9 mL of water. The instrument now reads 350 U/L. The correct report on the undiluted sample should be:
3500 U/L
Which wavelength would be absorbed strongly by a red colored solution?
450 nm
A healthy person with a blood glucose of 80 mg/dL would have a simultaneously determined cerebrospinal fluid glucose value of:
50 mg/dL
Which of the following best represents the reference (normal) range for arterial pH?
7.35 - 7.45
Turbidity in serum suggests elevations of:
Chylomicrons
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is most likely to be produced in a malignancy involving the
Colon
How many grams of sodium chloride are needed to prepare 1L of 0.9% normal saline?
9.0
Calculate the osmolality with the following results: Na: 140 mEq/L K: 4.0 mEq/L Glucose: 95 mg/dL BUN: 10 mg/dL
270
In hepatitis, the rise in serum conjugated bilirubin can be caused by:
Failure of the enterohepatic circulation
The most sensitive enzymatic indicator for liver damage from ethanol intake is:
Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)
To detect barbiturate abuse when analyzing urine specimens, immunoassay is the method of choice for screening. The method of choice for confirmation is:
Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy
Which of the following processes is part of the normal metabolism of bilirubin?
Methene bridges of bilirubin are reduced by intestinal bacteria forming urobilinogens
A serum glucose sample was too high to read, so a 1:5 dilution using saline (dilution A) was made. Dilution A was tested and was again too high to read. A further 1:2 dilution was made using saline (dilution B). To calculate the result, the dilution B value must be multiplied by:
10
If a fasting glucose was 90 mg/dL, which of the following 2-hour postprandial glucose results would most closely represent normal glucose metabolism?
100 mg/dL
The following results were obtained: Urine creatinine: 90 mg/dL Serum creatinine: 0.90 mg/dL Patients Total BSA: 1.73m2 Total urine volume in 24 hours: 1800/m Calculate the creatinine clearance for this patient in mL/min.
104
A solution that has a transmittance of 1.0 %T would have an absorbance of:
2.0
Which of the following is associate with low serum iron values and high total iron binding capacity (TIBC)?
Anemia associated with pregnancy
Cocaine is metabolized to:
Benzoylecgonine
Which of the processes below occurs when iron is in the oxidized (Fe3+) state?
Binding to transferrin and incorporation into ferritin
Kernicterus is an abnormal accumulation of bilirubin in:
Brain tissue
The presence of which of the following isoenzymes indicates acute myocardial damage?
CKMB
Metabolic acidosis is described as a:
Decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
The following blood gas results were obtained: pH: 7.18 pO2: 86 mm Hg pCO2: 60 mm Hg O2 saturation: 92% HCO3: 7921 mEq/L (21 mmol/L) TCO2: 23 mEq/L (23 mmol/L) Base excess: -8.0 mEq/L (-8.0 mmol/L) The patient's results are compatible with which of the following?
Emphysema
Which of the following is secreted by the placenta and used for the early detection of pregnancy?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
A patient has the following test results: Increased serum calcium levels Decreased serum phosphate levels Increased levels of parathyroid hormone
Hyperparathyroidism
A patient has the following thyroid profile: Total T4: decreased Free T4: decreased Thyroid peroxidase antibody: positive TSH: decreased This patient most probably has:
Hypothyroidism
Serum "anion gap" is increased in patients with:
Lactic acidosis
When performing a sweat chloride collection, which of the following steps will result in analytical error?
Leaving the preweighed gauze on the inside of the arm exposed to air during collection
The most specific enzyme test for acute pancreatitis is:
Lipase
Aspartate amino transferase (AST) is characteristically elevated in diseases of the:
Liver
The primary function of serum albumin in the peripheral blood is to:
Maintain colloidal osmotic pressure
The first step in analyzing a 24 hour urine specimen for quantitative urine protein is:
Measure the total volume
At pH 8.6 proteins are _____________ charged and migrate toward the ________________.
Negatively, Anode
Calcium concentration in the serum is regulated by:
Parathyroid hormone
In respiratory acidosis, a compensatory mechanism is the increase in:
Plasma bicarbonate concentration
Which of the following is characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Requires insulin replacement to prevent ketosis
Select the primary reagent used in the Jaffe method for creatinine.
Saturated picric acid and NaOH
Which electrolyte level best correlates with plasma osmolality?
Sodium (Na)
The volume of 25% stock sulfosalicyclic acid needed to prepare 100 mL of 5% working solution is:
The correct answer is: 20 mL
A trend in QC results is most likely caused by:
The correct answer is: Deterioration of the reagent
Which of the following is characteristic of obstructive jaundice?
The ratio of direct to total bilirubin is greater than 1:2
Which of the following statements most correctly describes the utility of clinical laboratory assays for tumor markers?
Tumor markers are useful in tracking the efficacy of treatment
Which of the biochemical processes below is promoted by insulin?
Uptake of glucose by cells
