Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing Types
Public, Private, Hybrid
Paravirtualization
A hardware environment is not simulated; however, the guest programs are executed in their own isolated domains, as if they are running on a separate system. Guest programs need to be specifically modified to run in this environment.
What is Autonomic Computing
A scenario in which the IT environment will be able to manage itself based on perceived activity.
What is Utility Computing?
In which computer processing power is seen as a utility that clients can pay for only as needed.
How is VPN created
A VPN is created by establishing: a virtual point-to-point connection, virtual tunnelling protocols, or traffic encryption
Self Service
All the IT resources you need with self-service access
Full Virtualization
Almost complete simulation of the actual hardware to allow software, which typically consists of a guest operating system, to run unmodified.
One Key Benefit of Cloud Computing
Break the IT barrier to entry
Example of VLAN
By creating and configuring VLANs on physical networking hardware, a network administrator can place 2 hosts - one in New York City and one in Guangzhou- on what appears to these hosts to be the same physical network.
Benefits if VLAN
Centralize administrative tasks Improving scalability and overall hardware-resource utilization With virtualization, several operating systems can be run in parallel on a single central processing unit (CPU) This parallelism tends to reduce overhead costs Using Virtualization, an enterprise can better manage updates and rapid changes to the OS and applications without disrupting the user It is a powerful driver of business transformation Makes it possible to deliver the apps, desktops and data people depend on whenever they need them, on whatever device best supports their productivity.
IT Background
Distributed Computing: Client/Server(C/S), Peer to Peer (P2P) Utility Computing (Quality of Service or QoS) On-demand provisioning
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Empowerment, Agility, Productivity, Capital expenditure->operational expenditure, Device and location independence, Reliability, Scalability and Elasticity, Security, Maintenance.
Types of Hardware Virtualization
Full Virtualization, Partial Virtualization, Paravirtualization
Examples of Cloud Computing
Google Drive, Google Cloud Platform, Apple iCloud, Microsoft Azure & OneDrive, Amazon EC2, Amazon Simple Storage Service S3, IBM SmartCloud, Oracle Cloud
Types of Virtualization
Hardware or Platform Virtualization Desktop Virtualization Network: VPN, VLAN
Service Models
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (Paas) Software as s service (SaaS) Everything as a service (EaaS/XaaS/aaS)
What does VPN allow users to do
It allows employees to securely access the corporate intranet while travelling outside the office. It securely connects geographically separated offices of an organization, creating one cohesive network.
What does Cloud Computing allow?
It allows users to access and use program through a web browser as if they were installed locally on their own computers.
How can Hardware Virtualization be viewed?
It can be viewed as part of an overall trend in enterprise IT: Autonomic Computing, Utility Computing
What does Virtualization create
It creates a virtual version of something: computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, computer network. Virtual means not actual
Moving Virtualized Desktops into the Cloud
It creates hosted virtual desktops (HVDs) The desktop images are centrally managed and maintained by a specialist hosting firm. Increased Scalability Reduced capital expenditure, which is replaced by a monthly operational cost.
What does a Snapshot enable?
It enables the virtual machine's state at the time of the snapshot to be restored later, effectively undoing any changes that occurred afterwards. They can be moved to another host machine with its own hypervisor
What does Network Virtualization enable?
It enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network, and thus are benefiting from the functionality, security and management policies of the private network.
What is Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
It is a group of devices that communicate in the same domain, regardless of the physical location of each device.
How is a VLAN created?
It is created via software rather than manually moving cables
What is Desktop Virtualization
It is the concept of separating the logical desktop from the physical machine. Rather than interactring with a host computer directly via a keyboard, mouse, and monitor, the virtual desktop interacts with the host computer using another desktop computer or a mobile device by means of a network connection, such as a LAN, Wireless LAN or even the Internet The host computer becomes a server computer capable of hosting multiple virtual machines at the same time for multiple users
What is Cloud Computing?
It is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices as a utility over a network. The resources are dynamically scalable and often virtualized. It is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.
What is Virtualization
It is the main enabling technology for cloud computing Virtualization software separates a physical computing device into one or more "virtual" devices, each of which can be easily used and managed to perform computing tasks.
What is a Snapshot
It is the state of a virtual machine, and generally its storage devices, at an exact point in time.
Hows is VPNs Technology used
It is used by individual Internet users to: Secure their wireless transactions, circumvent geo-restrictions and censorship, connect to proxy servers for the purpose of protecting personal identity and location
What is the capability of a Snapshot useful for?
It is useful as a backup technique, for example, prior to performing a risky operation
What does Cloud Computing mean?
It means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive.
What does Desktop Virtualization mean for users?
It means they can access their desktop from any location, without being tied to a single client device. Since the resources are centralized, users moving between work locations can still access the same client environment with their applications and data.
What does Desktop Virtualization mean for IT Administrators
It means, a more centralized, efficient client environment that is easier to maintain and able to more quickly respond to the changing needs of the user and business.
What does Cloud Computing Provide?
It provides all of its resources as services, and makes use of the well-established standards and best practices gained in the domain of service oriented architecture (SOA) to allow global and easy access to cloud services in a standardized way.
How does VPN work
It uses encrypted connection to mask origin addresses during online surfing
Benefits cont.
Mobilize Windows apps on tablets Deliver virtual apps for designers and engineers Provide data securely to contractor and partner Simplify PF refresh and reduce costs Allow BYOD for laptops and tablets Empower mobile and branch workers Support corporate laptops-both online and offline.
Moving to Cloud
Move away from a traditional CAPEX model (buy the dedicated hardware and depreciate it over a period of time) Adopt the OPEX model (use a shared cloud infrastructure and pay as one uses it.)
Physical Computing Resources in IaaS
Networking (switches, routers, cabling, ect) Firewalls Load balancers IP Addresses Virtual Machines
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Offers a development environment to application developers Application developers can develop and run their software solutions on a cloud platform without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers.
What Computing Platforms do Cloud Providers deliver in PaaS?
Operating System, Programming-language execution environment, database, web server
Cloud Computing Skills
Provisioning resources in different clouds Allocating the right resources to each application Assigning applications to the best cloud provider based on performance or reliability requirements.
Elastic Resources
Scale up or down quickly and easily to meet demand.
Partial Virtualization
Some but not all of the target environment attributes are simulated. As a result, some guest programs may need modifications to run in such virtual environments
A form of Desktop Virtualization
The Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
Hardware Virtualization
The creating of a virtual machine that acts like a real computer with an operating system Software executed on these virtual machines is separated from the underlying hardware resources. Linux-based software can be run on the virtual machine The host machine, the guest machine.
What is Resource Planning?
The provider's computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumer using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand.
What is Hypervisor/ Virtual Machine Manager
The software or firmware that creates a virtual machine on the host hardware
Cloud Resources
They are usually not only shared by multiple users but are also dynamically reallocated per demand. Companies can scale up as computing needs increase and then scale down again as demands decrease.
What does the Cloud User do in IaaS?
They patch and maintain the operating systems and the application software.
The convenience of VLAN
This abstraction had made it easy for companies to move away from simply using physical connections to define networks and be able to create less expensive networks that are flexible and meet ongoing business needs.
Software as a service (SaaS)
User gain access to application software and databases. Cloud providers manage the infrastructure and platforms that run the applications SaaS is sometimes referred to as "on-demand software" Usually priced on a pay-per-use basis or using a subscription fee The fee is typically a monthly or yearly flat fee per user.
Cloud Clients
Users access cloud computing using networked client devices: desktop computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, ethernet enabled device
Network Virtualization
Virtual Private Network (VPN) Replaces the actual wire or other physical media in a network with an abstract layer Allowing secure network to be created over the Internet
Licesnsing
Virtual machines running proprietary operating systems require licensing, regardless of the host machine's operating system Ex) installing Microsoft Window into a VM guest required its licensing requirements to be satisfied.
Virtualization Vs. Multitasking
Virtualization involves running several Operating Systems and associated programs on 1 physical machine Multitasking involves running several programs on the same OS Virtualization dramatically improves the efficiency and availability of resources and applications in an organization It also overcomes the problem of underutilized resources caused by the old model of "one server, one application." Virtual Resources are dynamically applied to meet business needs.
Migration
When the VM is temporarily stopped, snapshotted, moved, and the resumed on the new host If the older snapshots are kept in sync regularly, this operation can be quite fast, and allow the VM to provide uninterrupted service while its prior physical host is, for example, taken down for physical maintenance
