CNA: Lippincott Ch 6

School-Age

5-12 years old; several major physical growth spurts will occur and fine motor skills develop. Moral develop, new thinking patterns develop, social interactions increase.

Later Adulthood

65-75 years old. Physical signs of aging and the development of chronic health conditions are more prevalent. Strength diminishes.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs

A pyramid shaped representation of human needs; demonstrates that basic needs must be fulfilled before more complex needs can be met.

Culture

All people have one of these. Made up of beliefs, valued and traditions.

Example of Growth

Changes in height or weight during life.

Growth

Changes that occur physically

Development

Changes that occur psychologically or socially

Race

Characterized by the skin tone, body stature, facial features, and hair texture.

Neonate

New born infant

Older Adulthood (75 years - beyond)

Often health and physical abilities diminish. Later, preparing for death.

Intensive Care Patients

Patients needing very specialized or intensive care.

Preschool

Physical Coordination improves and independence typically begins (toileting, dressing, feeding themselves).

Toddlerhood

Physical growth slows down at this stage, but development of muscular and nervous systems creates a more active child. They learn to walk, jump, and how to express themselves verbally.

Young Adulthood

Stability begins to take place; individuals enjoy friendships and good health.

Self-Esteem Needs

The fourth level of Maslow's Hierarchy: How a person thinks of herself or how she thinks other perceive her. A Nursing Assistant can help by providing privacy when bathing a resident or by assisting a resident with basic grooming.

Self-Actualization Needs

The highest level of Maslow's Hierarchy; to reach this stage, a person must reach his/her potential. This involves setting new goals and striving to reach them. A Nursing Assistant can help a resident by recognizing the needs a resident has and then helping them to change their goals as they achieve goals and helping them reach their fullest potential.

Safety and Security needs

The second level of Maslow's Hierarchy; can be both physical and emotional. Involves trusting others, ensuring that a resident has a wheel chair if needed and knows how to use it, or relieving a patient's anxiety by answering his questions about a procedure.

Love and Belonging Needs

The third level of Maslow's Hierarchy; all people need to feel appreciated by others. Nursing Assistants can help meet this need by taking an interest in a resident's specific likes and dislikes and offering a smile, a kind word or a gentle touch.

Middle Adulthood

Usually in the height of their careers. Often times becoming caretakers to their aging parents. Women tend to begin menopause at this age. Sometimes chronic health conditions begin to develop.

Client

a person receiving care in his own home from a home health care agency.

Patient

a person receiving health care in a hospital, clinic, or extended-care facility.

Transvestite

a person who enjoys dressing as a person of the opposite gender. Has nothing to do with attraction to a gender.

Resident

a person who is living in a long-term care facility or an assisted living facility.

Examples of Chronic Illnesses

asthma, high blood pressure

Adolescence

begins the onset of puberty. Physical growth and development is increased during this time period. Increased emotional maturity.

Examples of Acute Illnesses

broken bones, pneumonia, labor and delivery.

Example of Development

changes in a person's behavior or way of thinking as they life.

Acute Illness

condition characterized by a rapid onset and usually has a short recover time.

Chronic Illness

condition that is ongoing.

Quality of Life

has to do with getting satisfaction and comfort from the way we are living; having the ability to make decisions according to one's own personal values and sense of what is best for himself.

Terminal Illness

illness or condition from which recovery is not expected.

Transsexuals

individuals who believe they should be a member of the opposite gender.

Subacute or Extended Care Patients

patients usually recovering from an acute illness or condition. They do not need total care in a hospital setting, but not yet ready for home.

Pediatric Patients

patients who are children and adolescents.

Geriatric Patients

patients who are elderly.

Obstetrical Patients

patients who are pregnant or have just given birth.

Rehabilitation Patients

patients who are undergoing therapy to restore their highest level of physical, emotional or mental, or vocational functioning.

Surgical Patients

patients who have conditions treated by surgery.

Medical Patients

patients who have conditions treated with interventions other than surgery.

Psychiatric Patients

patients who have mental health needs.

Examples of Terminal Illnesses

some types of cancer, heart conditions, end-state emphysema.

Need

something that is an essential for a person's physical and mental health.

Physiologic Needs

the most basic level of needs according to Maslow's Hierarchy. Without these needs being met, none other can be met. Examples: Oxygen, water, shelter, food, sleep.

Infancy

the stage that physical and psychological changes occur most rapidly.