Cognitive Psych Quiz 2
Everything a person experiences is based on representations in the person's nervous system.
What does the principal of neural representation state?
Synapse
What is the gap between the end of a neuron's axon and the dendrites or cell body of another neuron known as?
The Axon is at Rest
When the axon is at rest, the inside of the neuron has a charge that is 70 millivolts more negative than the outside. This difference will continue as long as
It is unlikely to be correct because there are too many stimuli in the world to have a separate neuron for each.
Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to specificity coding?
Axon
Which parts of neurons are also known as a "nerve fiber"?
Neurotransmitters
Which substance is released when signals reach the synapse at the end of the axon?
Different parts of the brain
You are walking down the street and see a nice car drive by. You notice its color, movement, and shape. All of these features are processed
behavioral; physiological
Your author points out that studying the mind requires both __________ and __________ experiments.
resting potential
70 millivolts more negative than the outside
cell body, dendrites, and axons
The key structural components of neurons are the
Localization of function
Brain areas are specialized for specific functions.
cognitive neuroscience
The study of the physiological basis of cognition is known as
Levels of analysis
A topic can be understood by studying it at a number of different levels of a system
specificity coding
An object could be represented by the firing of a specialized neuron that responds only to that object
levels of analysis
Barbara has recently been diagnosed with abdominal cancer. Her oncologist wants to determine the best treatment method to eliminate the tumors. Her gastroenterologist is focused on relieving her symptoms and restoring normal digestive functioning. Barbara's psychologist works to help minimize her anxiety and keep her spirits up. The fact that these doctors are considering Barbara's situation with different goals and from different perspectives is similar to the idea of __________ presented in your textbook.
Specificity coding
Before the advent of intercoms, old mansions had a sash in each room. Each sash was connected to a bell on a master board in the servants' office. When someone pulled a sash in a particular room, a bell corresponding to the room would ring on the master board, informing a servant where to go to provide assistance. This system is similar to which of the following?
Receptors
Cells of the nervous system that pick up information from the outside environment
connectome
Determining the sequence of DNA in humans was a major scientific advance that opened the door to new ideas about illness and approaches to treatment. An individual's unique DNA sequence is similar to which of the following?
the rate of nerve firing increased as he increased the pressure.
Edgar Adrian studied the relationship between nerve firing and sensory experience by measuring how the firing of a neuron from a receptor in the skin changed as he applied more pressure to the skin. He found that
Stimulus intensity
Firing rate of the action potentials codes the strength of a stimulus
Neural circuits
Groups of interconnected neurons
Neural networks
Groups of neurons or structures that are connected within the nervous system
neural networks
Groups of neurons or structures that are connected within the nervous system are called __________.
picket fence.
If kittens are raised in an environment that contains only verticals, you would predict that most of the neurons in their visual cortex would respond best to the visual presentation of a
Information Procession Model
In the mid-20th century, the study of the mind began using which technique or model inspired by digital computers?
Broca's area
Josiah is trying to speak to his wife, but his speech is very slow and labored, often with jumbled sentence structure. Josiah may have damage to which area of the brain?
functional connectivity
Neural activity in separate brain areas is correlated with each other
Sparse coding
Neural coding based on the pattern of activity in small groups of neurons
Population coding
Neural representation of a stimulus by the pattern of firing of a large number of neurons
Feature detectors
Neurons that respond to specific qualities of objects, such as orientation, movement, and length
feature detectors
Neurons that respond to specific qualities of objects, such as orientation, movement, and length, are called
Cell body
Part that connects the receiving and sending parts of the neuron
extrastriate body area (EBA)
Ramon is looking at photos of athletes in a sports magazine. He is focusing on their body parts, particularly their chest and legs. Which part of Ramon's brain is activated by this viewing?
Dendrites
Receives information
parahippocampal place area (PPA)
Sarah has experienced brain damage making it difficult for her to understand spatial layout. Which area of her brain has most likely sustained damage?
Axon
Sends information
distributed representation
Specific cognitive functions activate many areas of the brain
connectome
Structural description of the connections forming the human brain
hierarchical processing
Taking clay and sand to create bricks, which are then used to build modular wall panels, which are then assembled to construct tall buildings, is similar to which of the following neural concepts?
rate of nerve firing
The intensity of a stimulus
Sensory code
how neural firing represents various characteristics of the environment
