Community Health

What is an crisis access hospital

A rural hospital that provides temporary care for 86 hours or less to stabilize clients before they are transferred to a larger hospital

Teaching about good skin health

Eat foods rich in Vitamin B Sleep for an adequate number of hours Use sunscreen of sun protection factor (SPF) 15 daily Avoid sun exposure after taking ketoconazole

Competencies important in the rural setting

Emergency care Physical assessment Clinical decision-making

How can you reduce jaundice in a newborn

Feedings

Adolescents

Focused more on the present than the future

Secondary prevention

Focused on early detection and treatment

Primary prevention

Focused on health promotion and illness prevention

Tertiary prevention

Focused on rehabilitation and reduced residual effects

Public health nursing

Focuses on a population or a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental chracteristics in common

Jaundice that appears within 24 hours of birth is indicative of what

Pathological process or Pathological hyperbilirubinemia

What medication is used to treat syphilis?

Penicillin G bethzathine (Bicillin)

Immunization included in the precollege physical

Measles, Mumps, rubella (MMR)

Complications from gonorrhea

Meningitis Endocarditis

What medication is used to treat gonorrhea

Metronidazole

What medication is sued to treat to treat trichomoniasis

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

What is associated with gonorrhea?

Yellow ureteral Penile discharge

Risks that increase the risk of developing bladder cancer

Smoking two packs of cigarettes a day Working with dyes used in rubber every day Hair dyes

Action stage

Stage of change in which people are actively changing a negative behavior or adopting a new, healthy behavior. A client will notice that old habits are hindering them from engaging in new behaviors

Which sexually transmitted infection is associated with developing gummas?

Syphilis

Intensive care or critical care unit

A hospital unit in which clients receive close monitoring and intensive medical care

Systolic reading indicative of hypertension

120 to 129

When do physiological jaundice appear

72 hours after birth

Diastolic reading indicative of hypertension

80 to 89

Adventitious crisis

A crisis or disaster that is unplanned, and accidental. Includes natural disasters, national disasters, and crimes of violence

The parent of an adolescent who is going to be a foreign exchange student asks the nurse why the child must have a tetanus toxoid immunization. The nurse provides which information?

Longer-lasting active immunity

Caring for a client who has a history of suicide attempts

Document the measures taken to prevent suicides If the client makes a suicide attempt in the hospital, this action may lead to a lawsuit The primary health care facility will be responsible for failing to provide adequate supervision

VI Cranial Nerve

Abducens

What kind of immunity does the tetanus toxoid immunization provide

Active immunity

What medication(s) is/are used to treat herpes simplex virus II?

Acyclovir (Zovirax) Famciclovir (Famvir)

Psychologic symptoms of sleep deprivation

Agitation Hyperactivity Confusion Disorientation Increased sensitivity to pain

Signs & Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer

Anemia Rectal bleeding Change in bowel habits

A nurse role as a change agent

Involves identifying and implementing new and more effective approaches to problems

Secondary prevention

Involves treating clients in the early stages of disease. It also focuses on preventing complications from illness

Injury to the facial nerve causes what

Loss of facial expressions and loss of taste perception from the anterior third of the tongue

When a client develops, epistaxis (nose bleed), which action would the nurse take?

Apply direct lateral pressure to the nose for 10 minutes and apply ice or cool compress

Examples of primary prevention

Assisting with immunization programs Facilitating a program about the dangers of smoking

Severe hypothermia

Body temperature below 86 degrees Fahrenheit

Moderate hypothermia

Body temperature between 86 and 93.2 degrees Fahrenheit

Mild hypothermia

Body temperature between 93.2 and 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit

Venous disease

Brown skin discoloration Copious ulcer drainage

Injury to the optic nerve causes what

Changes in visual acuity

Maintenance stage

Client is able to sustain changes and wants to integrate them into his or her lifestyle.

Role a nurse would play when helping clients identify and clarify health problems and choose appropriate courses of action to solve those problems

Counselor

What is the appropriate response to newly burned skin?

Cover the newly burned skin areas with a clean, dry bed sheet. This will provide protection by limiting contamination by microorganisms and preventing exposure to air which increases pain.

Promotion of defecation for older adults

Prune juice and warm water

Physiologic symptoms assessed in a client with sleep deprivation

Ptosis and blurred vision Decreased auditory alertness

What services are provided by nurse-managed clinics

Day care Acute and chronic care management

Dark colored urine indicated what

Dehydration

Absolute homelessness

Describe people who have no physical shelter. They would sleep outdoors, in vehicles, abandoned buildings, or other places not intended for human habitation

What is used for epistaxis

Gauze or nasal tampons

Pneumococcal vaccine

Given to adults 65 years or older with a single dose of the vaccine

Common side effect of valacyclovir

Headache

Examples of primary prevention activites

Health education programs Immunizations Physical and nutritional fitness activities

Which services do community health centers provide in preventive and primary care services?

Health screenings Physical assessments Disease management

Abducens cranial nerve

Helps in lateral movement of the eyeballs

Situational-maturational crisis

If 2 events occurred at the same time. For example, retirement (maturational crisis) and the unexpected death of a spouse (situational crisis), the client would have to deal with both issues

Arterial disease

Lack of hair Lack of oxygen Thickened toenails Diminished pedal pulse

Injury to the oculomotor

Limits the extraocular movements and pupillary responses

Position for pelvic exam

Lithotomy Genupectoral position with weight of body supported by knees and chest

What are toxoids

Modified toxins that stimulate the body to form antibodies that can last up to 10 years against the specific disease

A community health nurse visits an infant who was born at home 24 hours ago. While assessing the infant, the nurse identifies slight jaundice of the face and trunk. Which would the nurse do next?

Obtain a stat order for a bilirubin level

Adventitious Crisis

Occurred when a sudden terrorist act causes the deaths of thousands of adults and children and negatively affects their families, friends, communities, and the nation

Maturational crisis

Occurs as an individual moves into a new stage of development and prior coping styles are no longer effective. These are usually predictable

Tertiary prevention

Occurs when an individual has a permanent or irreversible disability. Rehabilitation

Common characteristic among people in the culture of poverty

Powerlessness

Example of tertiary intervention

Preventing disabilites

Community health nursing

Primary focus on the health care of individuals, families, and groups in a community

What is associated with Trichomoniasis

Redness Itching Burning Froth, foul-smelling discharge

Examples of tertiary preventive care

Rehabilitation

Block and Parish nursing services

Respite Care Running errands Homemaker aides

What is ptosis

Result from a loss elasticity of the eyelids

Situational crisis

Results from an external source and the loss is often unexpected

Gonorrhea infections are cured with what

Single dose of antibiotic therapy

Client wants to change a scheduled appointment due to family members visiting the same day. What response by the nurse is best?

Tell the client that it might be helpful to talk with family members during the initial visit

Subacute care is considered what

Tertiary care

How does an gamma globulin injection provides passive immunity

The antigen is neutralized by the antibodies that it supplies

Nurse as a change agent

The nurse empowers clients and families to creatively solve problems. the nurse works with clients to solve problems and helps them identify an alternative care facility. The nurse empowers clients to become instrumental in creating change within a health care agency.

A nurse role as a case manager

The nurse establishes an appropriate plan of care on the basis of assessment findings and coordinates needed resources and services for the client's well-being along a continuum of care

A nurse role as an educator

The nurse traches clients and their families to assume responsibility for their own health care

Relative homelessness

Those who have a physical shelter but one that does not meet the standards of health and safety.

In terms of epistaxis, why shouldn't the nurse tilt the head back?

Tilting the head back will cause the blood to be swallowed which can result in vomiting and aspiration

What is Botulism?

Toxin from clostridium botulinum; ingested toxin absorbed from gut. Source: improperly canned or preserved food

What medication is used to treat genital warts

Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)

True or False: All passive immunity is short acting

True

In terms of syphilis, what are gummas?

Tumors of a rubbery consistency that break down and damage the heart and nervous system and skin

Glasgow Coma Scale

Used as an objective measurement of consciousness on a numerical scale. This scale assigns a numeric score for each are of neurological status of the client

What medication is used herpes simplex virus?

Valacyclovir

The focus of teaching about CAD prevention would be on modifiable risk factors such as

Weight Tobacco use