Community Program Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation ATI
lack of resources including financial resources, time constraints, differing priorities, and lack of communication.
Barriers to Collaboration
------------ at the community level requires stakeholders from various walks of life, and there may be misunderstandings and differing priorities among subpopulations
Collaboration
-------------- involve a process of communication between community members and a variety of community organizations with the development of collective goals and the creation of resources to address issues within the community the goal of rallying resources and implementing community projects.
Community partnerships
Reporting helps health care authorities to monitor and aid in preventing outbreaks of certain diseases list varies from state to state
National Notifiable Diseases
Framework for creation and implementation of a community program.
Strategic Prevention Framework
Program Development:
Write a situation statement. Define goals. Identify the audience. Craft a clear message. Identify incentives for engaging targeted people and organizations. Identify outreach methods. Identify spokespeople. Develop tools or measures to assess progress. Develop a timeline. Implement the plan
healthcare access & quality
access to services access to primary care health literacy insurance coverage
Community institution/organization sector:
availability of community resources to provide facilities and services, such as faith-based organizations, gymnasiums, adult centers, universities, and centers for higher learning
Health care sector:
availability of hospitals, clinics, and community health departments.
School sector:
availability of learning institutions, from preschool through high school, both public and private.
A group sharing commonalities such as geography, interests, and culture.
community
Worksite sector:
opportunities for employment.
ecological model The second level of the model involves those in close social circles such as family, partners, and close friends.
relationship factors
Provides definition of issues in which community awareness and support are sought after.
situation statement
social & community context
social cohesion, civic participation, discrimination, incarceration workplace conditions
ecological model The fourth level looks at broader social and cultural factors and how they influence health. At this level, societal norms and socioeconomic disparities would be considered. Examples would be growing up in an area that embraced diverse cultural beliefs and practices with community respect, diverse resources, and policy that encourages diversity and inclusion, rather than growing up in a closed community with a lack of tolerance for different cultures and public policy that limits diversity and acceptance.
societal factors
A community assessment tool manual, provided by the CDC, that consists of instructions that guide the measurement and understanding of the built environment
Built Environment Assessment Tool Manual
The core features of the tool include: Infrastructure: roads, curbs, crosswalks, intersections, public transit, traffic patterns. Walkability: paths, sidewalks, roadways, safety. Bikeability: bike paths, streetside bike lanes. Recreational sites: playgrounds, sporting courts, green spaces. Food: grocery stores, farmers' markets, restaurants.
Built Environment Assessment Tool Manual
The physical foundation of where a community resides, works, recreates, and learns is considered the built environment. The tool provides a guideline for assessing homes, schools, workplaces, open spaces, transportation options, and community infrastructure, which impact the overall health of a community and individuals
Built Environment Assessment Tool Manual
---------- Model Action step 1: Bring together a team of community members. Action step 2: Create a game plan. Action step 3: Examine the five change sectors. Action step 4: Compile data. Action step 5: Review of compiled data. Action step 6: Data entry. Action step 7: Examination of consolidated data. Action step 8: Creation of community action plan.
Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE)
model utilizes a data collection tool and planning resource to guide community partners in the assessment and prioritization of community improvement programs. The tool is used to identify strengths and resources within a community. It guides the identification of community weaknesses and areas of needed improvement.
Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE)
-------------- can be anyone who has an impact on or control over programs in the community, such as paid employees, volunteers, community leaders, or members of the community at large. should contribute to community program development Examples are nurses and other health care providers, community health workers, religious leaders, teachers, law enforcement, neighbors, and other interested community members.
Community gatekeepers
Examples are nurses and other health care providers, community health workers, religious leaders, teachers, law enforcement, neighbors, and other interested community members.
Community gatekeepers
-------------- is an assessment conducted by local, tribal, territorial, or state entities in which key health issues and demands are identified through systematic, in-depth data collection and analysis.
Community health needs assessment (CHNA)
------------------ assessment Step 1 includes identifying stakeholders and initiating engagement. Step 2 is focused on defining the community that will be served. Step 3 is to collect data on the community and analyze it. Step 4 is to select the priority community health issues that the program will focus on. Step 5 is to document the results of the community assessment and communicate those to community stakeholders Step 6 is focused on planning strategies for improvements that will address health issues in the community. Step 7 is the implementation of improvement plans. Step 8 is to evaluate the progress of the community program.
Community health needs assessment (CHNA)
A community assessment model that looks at health as a broad, multifaceted concept. This model considers health as impacted by individual, community, social, political, and physical elements.
Ecological Model
-------- data uses tools such as windshield surveys, interviews, direct observation, and community forums. Interviews and community forums would involve direct contact and communication with community members to ask questions and gain insight into the community.
Primary
neighborhood & built environment
Quality of housing Crime and violence Environmental conditions Access to healthy foods transportation
--------- data refers to data collected by other means than firsthand. Examples of this might include census data, crime statistics, or county health rankings. This data is often collected by government groups or other interested organizations relating to specific topics.
Secondary
ecological model The third level of the model looks at the environment in which these social interactions occur, such as the workplace, neighborhood, and school. The Ecological Model seeks to explore how these environments impact health
community factors
Anyone who has an impact on or control over programs in the community. paid or unpaid
community gatekeepers
The ------------- nurse typically works directly within the community to address health-related needs. would go into the community to provide screening, linkage to care of impacted groups, and education to community members.
community health
An assessment identifying key health needs of a community through comprehensive, methodical collection and analysis of data. should include diverse community stakeholders for best results
community health assessment
The ----------------- could be anyone in the community who is invested and active in promoting the health of the community. The ------ may be in a paid position, such as a public health nurse, or could be volunteering their efforts, such as a concerned parent. Volunteer organizations may also act as -------
community health worker (CHW)
The -------------------- would be someone who is seen as a community leader and has an influence on community members
community influencer
Community-at-large sector:
community-wide efforts impacting community and environment, such as personal safety, accessibility of green space, walking, and biking paths
The model recognizes that the same environment may have different impacts on individuals, and it is the interaction of all these elements that impacts overall health.
ecological model
A communication outlining the outcomes of a community project. help disseminate meaningful information in the community
impact report
ecological model The -------- is the first level of the model. This includes --------- characteristics such as age, education, and health status.
individual factors
education access & quality
language and literacy enrollment in higher education early childhood education high school graduation
economic stability
poverty food security housing stability employment
The------------- nurse is more likely to be addressing policy development and reform to address health from a global perspective. would be involved in monitoring and tracking disease progression and implementation of policy to prevent the spread of disease.
public health
The --------------------nurse uses evidence-based practice to promote health, prevent disease, and mitigate health risks within a community setting. The -------------- nurse acts in a collaborative way to work within the community and must interact with community members, leaders, health care professionals, and other stakeholders to foster the primary prevention of disease within the community.
public health focus is on the community at large
more descriptive data and not mathematically quantifiable Examples include a sense of community empowerment and attitudes on overall well-being
qualitative data
is measurable. It can be given a numeric value. Examples include the number of hospitals in a community, population, number of elementary schools
quantitative data
