CompTIA chapter 9

___ ___ (AR) is a somewhat similar technology to VR. Rather than provide a completely simulated environment, AR projects digital artifacts onto "ordinary" reality. This could be as simple as providing context-sensitive notes, messages, or advertising or as complex as generating digital avatars within the real world. This latter technique is exploited by popular smartphone camera games, such as Pokémon Go, which enables you to locate collectible cartoon characters in unexpected real world locations through your smartphone camera. Another use case is an app like Samsung's ___ ___, which transforms people captured in the viewfinder in various unsettling ways.

Augmented Reality AR Emoji

Prior to the iPad, tablet PCs were usually laptops with touchscreens. The iPad defined a new form factor; smaller than a laptop and with no physical keyboard. Tablets tend to be sized at around either ___" or ____ "screens.

10" or 7" screens

mobile power Portable charging banks provide a larger battery, such as ____ or 20,000 milliamp hours (mAh), than is found in a typical phone. This allows the phone to be charged from the power pack ___ or ___ times before the power pack itself needs recharging. The output of these devices ranges from 2.1 A to about ____ A.

10,000 milliamp hours 2 or 3 5 A

mobile powers Computer ports and charging adapters using USB-C can nominally supply up to ____ W (5 A at 20 V). Not all devices will be able to draw power at that level, though.

100 W

wired connections for accessories Older Apple devices use a proprietary ____-pin dock connector, enabling connections to various peripheral devices. The dock is also used to charge the battery. On the latest Apple devices, the ___-pin dock connector is replaced by an 8-pin ___ connector (also proprietary). This connector is _____ (can be inserted either way facing up).

30-pin 30 Lightning reversible

Most smartphones have a screen size between 4.5" and ____"

5.7"

tablets Phablets have screen sizes between 5.5" and ___ .

7 inches

Virtual Reality (VR) headset Mobile VR headsets, such as Samsung ____ or Google ___ ___, only work with selected (premium) smartphone models. These headsets contain lenses that split the smartphone display into a ____ image, giving the illusion of ____. The headsets also come with a ____ controller to allow you to interact with objects in the VR environment.

Gear Daydream view stereoscopic depth motion

A ___ ____ ____ (GPS) chip is built into most smartphones and many tablets and other smart devices, but there are also dedicated GPS navigation devices (also called sat navs, for "satellite navigation"). These come in ___-___ inch models

Global Positioning System 5" to 6"

cellular data networks: cellular radios There are two main cellular radio network types, each developing different standards for the "generations" of cellular data access (2G, 3G, and so on). ___ ___ ____ ____ ____ (GSM) is deployed worldwide while ____ ____ ____ ____ (CDMA) is adopted by carriers in the Americas.

Global System for Mobile Communication Code Division Multiple Access

There are also some AR devices, though they have not gained a very large market yet. Smart glasses were pioneered by Google with their ___ ___ range and Google is rumored to be working on a more sophisticated AR headset (codenamed Google A65 at time of writing). Other AR-like devices are made by Microsoft (____) and ____ for industrial applications.

Google Glass Range Hololens AiR

mobile display/touch interfaces The touchscreen itself is covered by a thin layer of scratch-resistant, shock-resistant tempered glass, such as Corning's Gorilla Glass.

Gorilla Glass

There are various Lightning converter cables to allow connections to interfaces such as ____, VGA, and ___ ___ readers.

HDMI SD card

smart watches As well as helping with personal information management, many smart watches come with health features. Technologies bundled include heart rate monitors via Infrared (____) sensors, accelerometers to measure ____ patterns and movement for exercise, plus cameras and IR sensors to operate devices such as ____.

IR sleeping patterns TVs

wireless network connections Many mobile devices are also equipped with an ____ (IR) sensor or ____ This is not used for data connections as such but does allow the device to interact with appliances such as TVs and set-top boxes. An app on the device can be installed to allow the mobile device to be used as a remote control for the appliance.

Infrared blaster

common mobile device accessories: protective covers and waterproofing Waterproofing is rated on the ____ ____ (IP) scale.

Ingress Protection

cellular data networks: GSM networks and SIM cards Under GSM, a handset is identified by an ____ ____ ____ ____ (IMEI ). It is used by the GSM network to identify ____ devices and can be used to stop _____ phones from accessing the network, regardless of the SIM used.

International Mobile Station Equipment Identity valid stolen

cellular data networks: GSM and SIM cards A SIM card is registered to a particular user and can be transferred between devices. The user is identified by an ____ ____ ____ ____(IMSI) number. The number is stored on the SIM card in the format: ___-digit mobile country code. _____-digit mobile network code. Up to ____ digit mobile station identification number.

International Mobile Subscriber Identity three-digit two-digit 10-digit

USB connectors Android-based devices usually have a ___-___USB port for charging and connectivity. You might find older devices using the ___-___ USB port. New devices are quickly adopting the ___-___ connector. One issue with Android devices is that there is no ____ form factor. This means connections to devices such as speakers or charging docks tend to use a cable.

Micro-B Mini-B USB-C standard

common mobile device accessories Allows the device's internal storage to be supplemented with a removable memory card.

Micro-SD (secure digital) slot

mobile devices vs laptops: Operating systems Laptops can run a number of different operating systems, including versions from ____, Linux, and ___. Smartphones and tablets can typically only run the OS that the device was _____ to run (iOS, Android, or Windows).

Microsoft UNIX manufactured

cellular data networks: CDMA networks CDMA locks the handset to the original provider and does not require any sort of SIM card. Handsets are identified by a ____ ____ ____ (MEID). Information that the cellular radio needs to connect to the network is provided as ___ ___ ____(PRI) and ___ ___ ___(PRL) databases.

Mobile Equipment ID Preferred Roaming Index Preferred Roaming List

wireless connections for accessories Bluetooth is used for so-called ___ ___ ___ (PAN) to share data between devices and connect peripheral devices to hosts, such as smartphones and tablets. Bluetooth is a radio-based technology but it is designed to work only over close range. Bluetooth is quoted to work at distances of up to 10 meters (30 feet) for Class ____ devices or 1 meter (3 feet) for Class ___ devices.

Personal Area Network Class 2 Class 3

wireless connections for accessories: NFC NFC allows a mobile device to make payments via contactless ___ ___ ___ (PoS) machines. To configure a payment service, the user enters their credit card information into a ___ ___ app on the device. The wallet app does not transmit the original credit card information, but a one-time ____ that is interpreted by the card merchant and linked back to the relevant customer account.

Point-of-Sale Mobile Wallet token

baseband updates and radio firmware ____ ____ in a mobile device contains an operating system that is separate from the end-user operating system (for example, Android or iOS).

Radio firmware

baseband updates and radio firmware The modem uses its own baseband processor and memory, which boots a ____ ____ _____ _____ (RTOS). An RTOS is often used for time-sensitive embedded controllers, of the sort required for the modulation and frequency ____ that underpin radio-based connectivity.

Realtime Operating System shifts

mobile display/touch interfaces Apple uses its own version of shatter resistant glass on its current models which is coupled with its branded ___ ___. Other manufacturers utilize Samsung-derived displays, whereas Samsung's flagship phone utilizes a ____ ____ display.

Retina Display curved OLED

mobile devices and laptops: system memory Tablet RAM (a Low Power DDR ____ variant) works much as it does in a PC or laptop to store instructions for the OS when it loads plus any apps the user starts.

SDRAM

cellular data networks: GSM and SIM cards An unlocked handset can be used with any type of ___ ____ from the user's chosen network provider; a _____ handset is tied to a single network provider.

SIM locked

e-mail configuration options One of the most important features of mobile devices is the ability to receive and compose email. The settings are configured on the device in much the same way you would set up a mail account on a PC. For example, in iOS, open ____→_____, Contacts, _____ then select Add ____.

Settings Mail Contacts Calendars Add Account

cellular data networks: GSM networks and SIM cards GSM works with a ___ ____ ____ (SIM) card. The user adds the card to the device and the card obtains all the information it needs to connect to the network, including a phone number, radio frequency bands to use, and information about how to connect when roaming in different countries. Updates to this information are "_____" to the card by the network provider, so there is never a need to perform a _____ update.

Subscriber Identity Module pushed manual

mobile power USB over Type ____/____ ports and power adapters can supply up to 2.5 W (500 mA at 5 V) for USB 2 or 4.5 W (900 mA at 5 V) for USB 3.

Type A/B

mobile VPN configuration A ___ ___ ___ (VPN) uses a protocol such as IPSec or ___ ___ ___ ____(SSTP) to create a ____ through a carrier network. The contents of the tunnel can be _____ so that no one with access to the carrier network (such as open access point) can intercept information passing through the VPN.

Virtual Private Network Secure Sockets Tunneling Protocol tunnel encrypted

smart watches Current competing technologies are based on the Android ___ OS, Samsung's ___ OS, and Apple ___, each with their own separate app ecosystems.

Wear OS Tizen OS iOS

E-readers are manufactured for major book retailers such as Amazon and ____ and ____ They have ___-___, and in some cases, cellular, connectivity to download e-books directly from the retailer's webstore.

Wi-Fi Barnes and Noble

Augmented Reality (AR) Network connectivity and pairing with other mobile devices is provided by ___-___ and/or _____. Most AR headsets or smart glasses also come with a camera, and there are issues arising due to the potential invasion of ____ or breach of _____ such a relatively concealed recording device could pose.

Wi-Fi Bluetooth privacy confidentiality

wireless networks and hotspots Not all mobile devices support cellular radios, but every smartphone and tablet supports a ____-____ radio. In iOS, Wi-Fi networks can be setup via ____→___-___. Either select the network name (if it is being broadcast) and credentials or manually configure the SSID and _____ level (WEP, WPA, or WPA2, for instance). In Android, you can use the notification shade or device ____ to select a network or open the Wi-Fi settings menus.

Wi-Fi settings Wi-Fi security settings

mobile devices/touch interfaces Most mobile devices can be used either in portrait or landscape orientation. A component called an ____ can detect when the device is moved and change the screen orientation appropriately. There will actually be ____ of them to measure movement along three axes. Newer devices may use both accelerometers and ____ to deliver more accurate readings.

accelerometer 3 gyroscopes

cellular data networks: mobile hotspots and tethering As explained earlier, tethering means connecting another device to a smartphone or tablet via USB or Bluetooth, so that it can share its cellular data connection. You can also share the link by configuring the smartphone or tablet as an ___ ____, turning it into a personal or mobile hotspot.

access point

airplane mode Most airlines prohibit passengers from using radio-based devices while on board a plane. A device can be put into ___ ____ to comply with these restrictions, though some carriers insist that devices must be switched off ____ at times, such as, during take-off and landing. Airplane mode disables some or ____ of the wireless features (cellular data, Wi-Fi, GPS, Bluetooth, and NFC), depending on the device type and model. On some devices, some services can selectively be ___-____ while still in airplane mode.

airplane mode completely all re-enabled

e-mail configuration options Most mobile devices have integrated provider configurations that allow the OS to ____ connection settings.

autodiscover

baseband updates and radio firmware A ____ ____ modifies the firmware of the radio modem used for cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC, and GPS connectivity.

baseband update

cellular data networks: GSM networks and SIM cards The IMEI number is usually printed on a label in the ____ compartment on a mobile phone. If it is a sealed case, then the number will be found on the back or ____ of the device. You can also access the IMEI number by dialing _____ and it will display the IMEI on the device screen.

battery bottom *#06#

Augmented Reality (AR) Input methods allowing the user to control the software running on the glasses include ____, eye tracking, ____ _____voice input, plus _____ controls.

buttons natural language gesture

tablets Network links are mainly established using Wi-Fi, although some tablets come with a ____ ____ option, too.

cellular data

cellular data networks ____ ____ means connecting to the Internet via the device's cell phone radio and the handset's cellular network provider. The data rate depends on the technology supported by both the phone and the ____ tower (3G or 4G, for instance). When a mobile device uses the cellular provider's network, there are likely to be charges based on the ____ of data downloaded. These charges can be particularly high when the phone is used abroad (referred to as international roaming) so it is often useful to be able to disable ___ ____ access.

cellular data cell amount mobile data

cellular data networks A ____ ____ makes a connection using the nearest available transmitter (cell or base station). Each base station has an effective range of up to ____ miles (8 km). The transmitter connects the phone to the mobile and ____ telephone ____.

cellular radio 5 miles landline networks

cellular data networks The indicator on the status bar at the top of the screen shows the ____ link in use. A device will usually default to ____-___ if present and show a signal strength icon

data Wi-Fi

cellular data networks: GSM and SIM cards Note: The IMEI number identifies the _____. The IMSI number identifies the _____.

device subscriber

common mobile device accessories A smartphone ____ ____ connects the device to a monitor and input devices (keyboard and mouse)

docking station

Unlike a tablet, an ___-____ is designed for the sole purpose of reading digital books and magazines

e-reader

E-readers E-readers use ___ ___(e-ink) technology to create an ___ ___ ___ (EPD). Compared to the LED or OLED display used on a tablet, an EPD has low power consumption but facilitates high contrast reading in a variety of ambient light conditions.

electrophoretic ink electronic paper display

common mobile device accessories As the touchscreen keyboards can be quite small and difficult to use, an this keyboard facilitates any extended typing work.

external keyboard

common mobile device accessories Allows the use of a console-type controller (with joystick, cursor pad, and action buttons) with compatible mobile game apps. It will come with some sort of clip to place the smartphone in. It must then be connected via USB or Lightning or paired with the device over Bluetooth. The functionality of the joystick and buttons is configured through each app individually.

game pad

mobile display/touch interfaces Newer devices are also starting to provide ____ ____, or touch responsiveness, making virtual key presses or gestures feel more "real" to the user.

haptic feedback

common mobile device accessories Provides audio input/output. As well as being useful for the phone function, some devices support voice recognition. There will usually be an audio connector or they can be connected via Bluetooth.

headsets

Wi-Fi networks and hotspots A _____ is a location served by some sort of device offering Internet access via Wi-Fi.

hotspot

Many Windows mobile devices adopt a ____ approach where a laptop can be converted into a ____ by flipping the screen. Microsoft's Surface Pro tablet is available with a detachable keyboard, which can also function as a ____ for the screen.

hybrid tablet cover

mobile power Wireless charging (by ____) pads and stands can supply up to ___ W. Most wireless charging devices are based on the Qi standard developed by the Wireless Power Consortium. Some chargers may be capable of charging multiple devices ____.

induction 15 W simultaneously

Wi-Fi networks and hotspots When you are using a public hotspot, anyone else joined to the wireless network and the owner of the hotspot can easily _____ traffic passing over it. Consequently, users need to be careful to use SSL/TLS (with a valid ____ certificate) to send confidential information to and from web servers and mail clients. Another option is to use a ____ ____ ____ (VPN) to protect the browsing session.

intercept digital Virtual Private Network

Note: ____ and ____ mean circumventing the usual operation of the mobile OS to obtain super-user or root administrator permissions over the device.

jailbreaking rooting

mobile display/touch interfaces On the latest models, screens feature ___ ___ to dim and brighten displays based on ambient conditions. Some devices also feature an ____ ____ display to scroll up and down based on where the user is looking.

light sensors eye tracking

mobile VPN configuration A ____ ____ is one that can maintain the VPN link across multiple carrier networks, where the ____ address assigned to the mobile device may change ____.

mobile VPN IP address often

If you want to provide access to more than one device, you can enable the ____ ____ setting.

mobile hotspot

Smartphones have fast multi core CPUs, anywhere between ___ and ___ (at the time of writing) GB system memory, and ___ (or more) GB flash memory storage.

multi-core 2 and 8 16

mobile display/touch interface Modern mobile devices use capacitive touchscreens. These capacitive displays support ____, meaning that gestures such as "sweeping" or "____" the screen can be interpreted as events and responded to by software in a particular way.

multitouch pinching

GPS Some devices use ___-____-___ radio to provide live ____ information; other models have to be tethered to a smartphone to use its data plan. Most are touchscreen-operated with many models also supporting ____ control.

over-the-air traffic voice

Features of fitness monitors might include: ____ to count the steps taken during a specified period of time. Accelerometer to measure the ____ of the workout. Heart rate and ____ ____ monitors. A calculation of the number of ____ burned.

pedometer intensity blood pressure calories

_____ sit between and tablets in terms of size and usability. The name is a portmanteau of Phone and Tablet. They were first popularized by Samsung with their successful ____ devices.

phablets Note

tablets Phablets always come with cellular data and a connection to the ____ system, as well as .____-____

phone Wi-Fi

mobile devices vs laptops: processor power mobile CPUs must deliver ____ and ____ efficiency to maximize battery life to an even greater extent than laptops.

power thermal

Wi-Fi networks and hotspots There are many ways to implement a hotspot: A business may set up an open access point to allow ____ access (or require payment via a ____ portal). A smartphone or tablet might be configured to share its cellular data connection (a ____ hotspot). A "___-___" mobile broadband device is one dedicated to providing a personal hotspot service.

public captive personal Mi-Fi

e-mail configuration options Autodiscover means that the mail service has ____ special ___ ___ ____ (DNS) records that identify how the account for a particular domain should be configured. Many autodiscover-enabled providers will be listed on the _____. Choose the mail provider (Exchange, Gmail, Yahoo, Outlook.com, iCloud, and so on) then enter your email address and _____ and test the connection.

published Domain Name Systems device credentials

mobile powers ____ ____ (QC) adapters can deliver up to 18 W over USB Type A/B ports.

quick charge

mobile devices vs laptops: component replacements/upgrades Many of the hardware components of a laptop can be fixed and ____ when issues arise. There are few ____-____ parts in a smartphone or tablet.

replaced field-serviceable

common mobile device accessories Although they are made from relatively tough components, mobiles are still prone to damage from dropping, crushing, scratching, or immersion. ____ or ____ protective covers mitigate this risk a little.

rigid rubber

common mobile device accessories A ____ ____ is a thin but tough film designed to provide extra protection for the display without compromising touch sensitivity.

screen protector

wireless network connections: tethering Connect the device to the PC via USB or Bluetooth, then configure tethering settings through the ____ > ____ menu.

settings network

wireless connections accessories: NFC As with Bluetooth, NFC can be enabled or disabled via ____. The device must be _____ to initiate a transaction.

settings unlocked

cellular data networks The cellular data connection can usually be enabled or disabled via the notification ____, but there will also be additional configuration options via the Settings menu. You can usually set usage warnings and ____ and prevent selected apps from using ____ data connections.

shade caps cellular

mobile devices vs laptops: processor power RISC microarchitectures use ____ instructions processed very ____. This contrasts with Complex (CISC) microarchitectures, which use more powerful instructions but process each one more ____. Intel's PC/laptop CPU microarchitecture is CISC with RISC enhancements (micro-ops).

simple quickly slowly

The main distinction between a smartphone and tablet is the ____ of the device, rather than its functionality.

size

smart watches Most smart watches use Bluetooth to pair with a ____.

smartphone

A smartphone is a device with roughly the same functionality as a personal computer that can be operated with a single hand. Modern smartphones use touchscreen displays, making them much easier to operate.

smartphone touchscreen

mobile devices vs laptops: component replacements/upgrades What makes it difficult to repair a tablet is that the parts are ___ and not socketed. Many components are ___ into place to keep them stable. When something breaks, in most cases, the ____ device needs to be replaced. Similarly, components in a tablet are not ____.

soldered glued entire upgradeable

mobile devices vs laptops: storage ____ ____ ___ (flash memory) are used for mass storage rather than ___ ____ (though this is increasingly the case for laptops and PCs, too).

solid state drives hard disks

protective covers and waterproofing A case or device will have two numbers, such as IP67. The first (6) is a rating for repelling _____, with a 5 or 6 representing devices that are dust ____ and dust ____, respectively. The second value (7) is for _____, with a 7 being protected from immersion in up to ____ m and 8 being protected from immersion ____ 1 m.

solids protected proof liquids 1 meter beyond

common mobile device accessories Allows the device to play audio through external speakers. These can be connected either via the data port, the 3.5 mm audio jack, or more commonly through Bluetooth.

speaker dock

wireless network connections ____ refers to using a mobile device's cellular data plan to get Internet access on a PC or laptop (or other device).

tethering

mobile power Note: If connected to a computer (or a laptop running on AC power) the device will ___ ____, which takes longer (try disconnecting other USB devices to improve charge times using this method). Also, the Quick Charge standard imposes a phased charging regime to protect battery lifetime (overcharging can reduce the maximum possible charge more quickly). If power is available, the battery is ___-___to ____% and then trickle charged.

trickle charge fast-charged 80%

protective covers and waterproofing Note: If dust protection is ____, the IP value will be IPX7 or IPX8.

unrated

mobile device form factors Some mobiles have a ___-____ battery, accessed by removing the cover. There will also be a port for a ___ ___ ___ (SIM) card for GSM-based or 4G LTE cellular access. This may also be fitted by removing the ____. Refer to the device documentation for instructions on removing the case. Always power off the device before opening the ___.

user-replaceable Subscriber Identity Module case case

mobile VPN configuration The Mobile VPN app assigns a ____ IP address to connect to the VPN _____, then uses any available carrier network to maintain the link. It is also capable of sustaining the link when the device is in ____ mode. Mobile VPNs are usually implemented as ___ ___ apps on both Android and iOS devices.

virtual server sleep third party

airplane mode Each type of wireless radio link can be toggled on or off individually using the ___ ___ (swipe up from the bottom in iOS) or ____ ____(swipe down from the top in Android). For example, you could disable the cellular data network while leaving Wi-Fi enabled to avoid incurring charges for data use over the cellular network.

Control Center notification shade

wireless connections for accessories: Bluetooth Devices supporting the Bluetooth 2.0—___ ___ ____ (EDR)— standard have a maximum transfer rate of ___Mbps; otherwise, the maximum rate is 1 Mbps.

Enhanced Data Rate 3 Mbps

cellular data networks: GSM and SIM cards Any phone connected to a GSM network must have the IMEI number stored in the ____ ____ ____ (EIR) database. If a phone is reported as being ____ or stolen, the IMEI number is marked to be ____ in the EIR.

Equipment Identity Register database lost invalid

mobile devices vs laptops: processor power CPUs and their chipsets for smartphones and tablets are often based on the ARM (____ ____ ____) microarchitecture, such as the Apple A, Samsung Exynos, and NVIDIA Tegra derivatives. RISC stands for ____ ___ ___.

Advanced RISC Machine Reduced Instruction computing

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are based on one of three operating systems (____ iOS, ____, or ____ Mobile)

Apple Android Windows

The major smartphone and tablet vendors are ____ and ____.

Apple Samsung

wireless connections for accessories: NFC There are three major Mobile Wallet apps: ____ Pay, ____ Pay (formerly Android Pay), and ____ Pay. Some PoS readers may only support a particular type of wallet app or apps.

Apple Pay Google Pay Samsung Pay