Computer Hardware
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.
1-4 gigahertz
Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer. Place the first step on top.
1. Click the cortana icon to open the search window 2. Type disk cleanup 3. In the disk cleanup dialog box, select the unused files 4. Click ok
Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.
1. input 2. process 3. output 4. store
Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___
2-in-1
Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?
All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor. An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor.
Fetch
An instruction is obtained from memory
Smartphone
Behind the touchscreen
Laptop
Beneath the keyboard
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU
Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?
CPU
Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?
Dell desktop computer
Desktop computer
Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.
Laptop computer
Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data
All-in-one computer
Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer
Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.
Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile. Desktops use a full OS.
Which of the following provide data storage?
External hard drive Server bank solid-state drive (SSD)
Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).
Extremely fast No moving parts
Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?
Fetch, decode, execute, and store
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.
Footprint
Intel
Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market
AMD
Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5
Nvidia
Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Full operating system Mobile Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad
Which two of the following are computers?
Gaming console Smartphone
Which three of the following devices are computers?
Gaming platform Laptop Smartphone
Tablet computer
Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking
Desktop
In tower or chassis
The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___
Intel
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer. Multiple select question.
Is highly mobile Has as a touchscreen Usually has a mobile operating system
The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.
L1
Which important process is performed by the CPU?
Machine cycle
Match the location of the motherboard in each device.
Match the location of the motherboard in each device.
L1 cache
Memory located directly on the processor itself
L3 cache
Memory located next to the processor
Disk cache
Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency
Mainframe
More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies.
Supercomputer
Most powerful type of computer. Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system
Which three of the following are common types of servers?
Network Server Web Server File Server
___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.
Overclocking
The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.
Personal
Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.
RAM
____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
Decode
The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand
Execute
The processor completes the instruction
Store
The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed
Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the ___ app
This PC
Which three of the following are external storage devices?
Universal serial bus (USB) drive Optical (DVD) drive External hard drive
File Server
Used for data storage.
Web Server
Used to control access to resources on the Web.
Network Server
Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.
For which of the following two reasons, you might purchase a tablet computer rather than a laptop?
You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading e-books or Netflix You need a computer that you can use while walking
A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):
all-in-one
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers
all-in-one
Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .
apps (applications)
A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called
cache
Hard drive ___ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
capacity
Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.
clock rate
A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.
computer
A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a
computer
As you use your hard drive new files will be deleted and added. This can create a slower, more disorganized hard drive. To speed it up you may want to ___ your hard drive. This process reduces unused disk sectors.
defragment
This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a
desktop computer
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.
electronic (solid state)
A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).
embedded
Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.
embedded
Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).
false
The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.
false
Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.
gigabytes
The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___ .
hardware
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
hardware
Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.
higher
Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___
holds data and programs being used by the processor.
A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.
hyperthreading
A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___
keyboard
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.
laptop
Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.
machine
A desktop computer will typically use a ___ for most internal storage.
magnetic hard drive
An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer
mainframe
While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a
mainframe
The devices shown in the image (iPod, Chromecast, Roku, etc.) are referred to as Personal ___ Players
media
A laptop typically has __ RAM than a smartphone.
more
The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the
motherboard
Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.
much smaller than computer's RAM
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ___-core processor.
multi
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and capable of executing two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ____-core processor.
multi
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.
not saved
Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____. This can increase performance and speed, but also can also void the manufacturer warranty.
overclocking
Digital device manufactures include separate chips of storage (nonvolatile) that contain instructions not designed to be rewritten or removed. An example of these instructions includes the basic input-output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate from the hard drive and is referred to as ___ -only memory (ROM).
read
In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the
screen
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a
server
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___
server
A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:
single-core processor
A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.
single-core processor
A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.
smartphone
Which of these devices has the least (RAM)?
smartphone
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.
storage
Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.
storage
The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2 - process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide __________
storage
The most powerful computers, ___ , can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
supercomputers
The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.
system
A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a _____.
tablet
