Computer Science Chapter 13.01 -13.02

What is a file?

A file is an internal data structure- with an unspecified number of elements of the same type- assigned to an external file name.

What do an array and a stack have in common?

Both handle with elements of the same type.

Records first became popular with what programming language?

COBOL

Any data type that can store more than one value is a data structure.

Data structure

How many values can be stored by a simple data type?

1

What is a data structure?

A data structure is a data type whose components are smaller data structures and/or simple data types.

What is the Improved Data Structure Definition?

A data structure is a data type whose components are smaller data structures and/or simple data types. The storing and retrieval of the data elements is performed by accessing methods that characterize the data structure.

What is a record?

A record is a data structure with one, or more, elements, called fields, of the same or different data types.

What is a stack?

A stack is a data structure with elements of the same type.

What is another word for an array?

A subscripted variable

What is the Improved Array Definition?

An array is a data structure with a fixed number of elements of the same type. Every element of the array can be accessed directly.

What is an array?

An array is a data structure with one, or more, elements of the same type.

Arrays first became popular with what programming language?

FORTRAN

The languages FORTRAN and COBOL have been mentioned in this chapter. What do these language names stand for?

FORmula TRANslator and Common Business Oriented Language

List 4 simple/primitive data types.

Int, char, double, Boolean

What does the file data structure allow?

It allows transfer of data between internal and external storage.

Refer to your answer to the previous question. What or who was this language designed for?

It was designed for the scientific community.

What does LIFO stand for?

Last In, First Out

If you need to store several pieces of data for many people, and you create one array for their names, another array for their addresses, another for their birthdates, another for their social security numbers, etc. What kind of arrays have you created?

Parallel arrays

What is one major difference between an array and a record?

The difference is that an array can only store data of the same type, while the record can store data of many different types.

Refer to the previous question. If they have this in common, why are they considered different data structures?

They are considered different because the way they access these data is different.

A two-dimensional array is frequently also called a...

matrix

A one-dimensional array is frequently also called a...

vector