Concepts Exam 2 Practice Questions

22. Taking the speed of light as being equal to 3x10^8 m/s, if an electromagnetic wave has a frequency of 6x10^8 Hz, what is its wavelength? a. 0.5 m b. 2 m c. 3 m d. 9 m

A (0.5 m)

3. How much amperage will be moving through a wire if it has a resistance of 12 ohms and is carrying 120 V? a. 10 amps b. 12 amps c. 1.2 amps d. 100 amps e. 1 amp

A (10 amps)

30. Which sound wave frequency is outside the range of a human's ability to detect? a. 5 Hz b. 20 Hz c. 200 Hz d. 2,000 Hz e. 10,000 Hz

A (5 Hz)

88. If you take an electrically neutral atom of sodium (element 11) and remove one electron, you wind up with which of the following? a. A positively charged ion of sodium b. A negatively charged ion of sodium c. A positively charged atom of neon (element 10) d. A negatively charged atom of neon (element 10)

A (A positively charged ion of sodium)

129. Electrons in the Bohr atom shift to a higher energy level by: a. Absorbing the energy of light or heat b. Reflecting the energy of heat or light c. Emitting a photon d. Radiating an electromagnetic wave e. Electrons in the Bohr atom cannot change energy states

A (Absorbing the energy of light or heat)

34. Which part of a sound wave is related to its loudness? a. Amplitude b. Frequency c. Wavelength d. Speed e. Velocity

A (Amplitude)

53. The fundamental building block for all matter, which is the smallest representative sample of a substance that maintains chemical identity, is called: a. An atom b. An element c. A molecule d. An electron e. A chemical compound

A (An atom)

140. Predict what would happen if one of the six most dominant elements in life (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur) were absent and we still maintained life on Earth. a. An element of similar chemical and physical properties would have to be substituted b. There would be absence of certain chemical compounds c. Atoms would be structured differently d. Molecules would have to be larger and more complex e. None of these

A (An element of similar chemical and physical properties would have to be substituted)

52. Rutherford's model of the atom cannot work because: a. Atoms would be constantly emitting energy b. Atoms would be constantly absorbing energy c. Compounds could not be easily formed d. Atoms would not have symmetrical shapes e. The law of thermodynamics would not work

A (Atoms would be constantly emitting energy)

24. An isomer of heptane would be a molecule with the molecular formula: a. C7H16 b. C6H14 c. C5H12 d. C4H10

A (C7H16)

116. In what way does Newton's law of universal gravitation differ from Coulomb's law? a. Electrical forces can be either attractive or repulsive while gravity is only attractive b. Only Newton's law of gravity requires a universal constant c. Only Coulomb's law addresses distance in describing the effect of one obect on another d. All of the above e. Newton's and Coulomb's laws are identical

A (Electrical forces can be either attractive or repulsive while gravity is only attractive)

89. The most stable configurations of electrons occur in which of the following cases? a. Elements that are inert gasses b. Elements with even atomic numbers c. Elements with odd atomic numbers d. Elements that occur in the first column of the periodic table

A (Elements that are inert gasses)

157. Exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions differ in that: a. Energy is given off only in exothermic reactions b. Energy is given off only in endothermic reactions c. The total energy in all involved electrons is the same before and after an exothermic reaction d. The total energy in all involved electrons is the same before and after an endothermic reaction e. Only exothermic reactions can be observed in everyday life.

A (Energy is given off only in exothermic reactions)

112. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein was based on some experiments and demonstrations in electricity from a. Galvani's research b. Voltaire's research c. The writings of Allessandro Volta d. Benjamin Franklin's research e. William Gilbert's compass

A (Galvani's research)

43. Solids that do not have long-range order to the arrangement of their atoms are called: a. Glass b. Ionic solids c. Metallic solids d. Van der Waals solids e. Crystalline solids

A (Glass)

143. An electron jump is analogous to: a. Going up and down stairs b. Surfing down a wave c. Going up and down on a roller coaster d. Skating on ice e. Swinging on a swing

A (Going up and down stairs)

95. Compared to microwave radiation, infrared radiation: a. Has shorter wavelengths and higher energy b. Has longer wavelengths and lower energy c. Is neither felt nor absorbed by our skin d. Has longer wavelengths and faster velocity e. Is detected by all living things

A (Has shorter wavelengths and higher energy)

61. Albert Michelson was the first U.S. scientist to win the Nobel Prize. His prize was for: a. His studies of light b. His research into static electricity c. Proving Maxwell's equations all over again d. His discovery of the solar wind e. Hos work with accelerating electrical charges

A (His studies of light)

120. Which is not true of Maxwell's equations? a. Like charges attract, unlike charges repel b. Coulomb's law c. There are no magnetic monopoles in nature d. Magnetic phenomena can be produced by electrical effects. e. Electrical phenomena can be produced by magnetic effects

A (Like charges attract, unlike charges repel)

32. Which of the following is associated with 440 Hz? a. Middle A musical note b. An AM radio station c. An FM radio station d. A television station e. High C musical note

A (Middle A musical note)

153. An example of a covalent bond is: a. N2 b. Au c. Ag d. CaCl2 e. None of these

A (N2)

15. In today's periodic table, elements are arranged in order of: a. Number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. b. Number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. c. Number of electrons in the nucleus of the atom. d. Atomic size of the atom. e. The alphabetical listing of the atoms.

A (Number of protons in the nucleus of the atom)

132. Which of these is not a molecule? a. O b. O2 c. O3 d. CO2 e. COOH

A (O)

159. A material that shows CONSISTENT Van der Waals forces in its chemical attraction is: a. Pencil lead b. Water c. Plastic d. Wood e. All of these

A (Pencil Lead)

144. Freezing and boiling are examples of: a. Processes that cause physical changes b. Oxidation/reduction reactions c. Polymerization d. Temperature changes that form ionic bonds e. Processes that cause chemical changes

A (Processes that cause physical changes)

66. In which of the following places is more polymerization than depolymerization occurring? a. Silk cocoon b. Cow stomach c. Compost heap d. Art gallery e. Bird bath

A (Silk cocoon)

93. The frequency of a wave appears to change if there is motion between the wave source and the observer. This phenomenon is known as: a. The Doppler effect b. The wavelength paradox c. Electromagnetic radiation d. Solar wind e. Destructive interference

A (The Doppler Effect)

14. Mendeleev's Periodic Table was organized according to the rules of the scientific method. Which statement below follows these rules? a. The periodic table made predictions that could be tested. b. Only scientists could understand the periodic table. c. Information that refuted Mendeleev's hypothesis was ignored. d. Mendeleev listed the elements alphabetically. e. The periodic table has not changed in 100 years.

A (The periodic table made predictions that could be tested)

63. What is an atom's spectrum? a. The total collection of different photons an atom can emit. b. Sum of all electrons an atom will have in its orbits c. The atomic mass of the atom d. The atom's place in the periodic table e. The allowed orbit closest to the nucleus

A (The total collection of different photons an atom can emit)

8. Light passing through a window glass is an interaction called: a. Transmission b. Absorption c. Scattering d. Reflection e. The greenhouse effect

A (Transmission)

104. Which electromagnetic frequencies are used to irradiate fruit to kill the pests and their eggs that might be on the fruit? a. Ultraviolet b. Infrared c. Radio d. Microwaves e. All of these

A (Ultraviolet)

123. Voltage is to resistance as a. Volt is to ohm b. Volt is to amp c. Volt is to watt d. Volt is to flow rate e. Volt is to power

A (Volt is to ohm)

79. A wave having a frequency of 10 Hz means which of the following is occurring? a. 10 waves are simultaneously oscillating up and down b. 1 wave goes up and down 10 times every second c. over a distance of 10 m, a wave oscillates up and down 10 times d. 10 seconds goes by between waves

B (1 wave goes up and down 10 times every second)

75. What is the velocity of a wave if the distance between the crests is 8 feet and 20 waves go by every 10 seconds? a. 32 ft/sec b. 16 ft/sec c. 8 ft/sec d. 4 ft/sec e. 160 ft/sec

B (16 ft/sec)

84. The current through a 5.0 Ohm resistor is 0.40 Amps. What is the voltage across the resistor? a. 0.8 V b. 2.0 V c. 4.6 V d. 5.4 V

B (2.0 V)

58. When two atoms link up we call that: a. Periodicity b. A chemical bond c. A noble gas d. Valence

B (A chemical bond)

57. Because a neutral sodium atom has 11 electrons, sodium is: a. An inert gas b. A highly reactive element c. A noble gas d. Only slightly reactive under certain conditions

B (A highly reactive element)

70. If one were to conduct a cutting experiment like that described by Democritus wherein he envisioned cutting paper into smaller and smaller pieces using the world's sharpest knife, what would the smallest identifiable bit of paper be? a. An atom b. A molecule c. A tiny part of an atom d. An element like hydrogen

B (A molecule)

40. Covalent solids are held together because of: a. A sea of electrons b. A sharing of electrons c. An attraction between the polar molecules d. A transfer of negative electrons e. The lack of attraction between the inert atoms

B (A sharing of electrons)

60. Which statement best describes transverse waves? a. Transverse waves are a special type of longitudinal wave. b. A wave a frog would make jumping up and down on a lily pad. c. The transverse wave moves particles in the direction that the wave is moving d. The energy moves perpendicular to the wave direction e. Echoes are formed from transverse waves

B (A wave a frog would make jumping up and down on a lily pad)

17. Metallic bonds create materials with properties that make them: a. Polar b. Able to change shape without breaking c. Brittle d. Good insulators e. As hard as diamonds

B (Able to change shape without breaking)

Which kind of reaction is 2HNO3 + MG(OH)2 > 2H2O + Mg(NO3)2? a. Precipitation b. Acid-Base c. Oxidation d. Reduction

B (Acid-Base)

21. To achieve a negative charge, you would most likely do which of the following? a. Add protons to the object. b. Add electrons to the object. c. Remove electrons from the object. d. Remove protons from the object.

B (Add electrons to the object)

135. An atom that becomes an ion always goes from having an equal number of protons and electrons to having: a. More neutrons than protons b. An electrical charge, either positive or negative c. More electrons than protons d. More protons than electrons e. An equal number of protons, neutrons, and electrons

B (An electrical charge, either positive or negative)

83. An electrical circuit contains: a. An electromagnet b. An unbroken flow path c. An electric switch d. A circuit breaker

B (An unbroken flow path)

9. If you are observing a light source moving very rapidly towards you, the Doppler effect predicts that the light will be: a. Redshifted b. Blueshifted c. Bent d. Transmitted e. Radiated

B (Blueshifted)

The Doppler effect describes: a. How bats fly and locate their food b. Change in wave frequency when source or receiver is moving c. Change in wave frequency when neither source or receiver is moving d. How dolphins navigate in the world's oceans e. How humans see the colors red and blue

B (Change in wave frequency when source or receiver is moving)

121. Static Cling is an example of: a. The fact that there are no magnetic monopoles b. Coulomb's law c. Changing magnetic fields d. Alternating current e. Electromagnetism

B (Coulomb's law)

74. White materials scatter all wavelengths of visible light in all directions in a process called: a. Reflection b. Diffusion c. Refraction d. Transmission e. Absorption

B (Diffusion)

65. Noble gases are called so because they: a. Are considered more important than other elements b. Don't chemically interact with other elements c. Can chemically interact with many other elements d. Are very valuable e. Can exist in more forms than other elements

B (Don't chemically interact with other elements)

90. Which of the following is NOT one of the types of bonding? a. Ionic b. Doric c. Covalent d. Metallic

B (Doric)

124. Materials made from a single type of atom that cannot be broken down any further are called: a. Atoms b. Elements c. Molecules d. Solutions e. Compounds

B (Elements)

154. If a chemical bond forms spontaneously: a. Energy will be needed in the reaction b. Energy will be released in the reaction c. A change in state will always occur d. A change in color will always occur e. A and C, OR B and D

B (Energy will be released in the reaction)

68. If a chemical bond forms spontaneously, then: a. Energy will be needed in the reaction b. Energy will be released in the reaction c. A change in state will always occur d. A change in color will always occur e. A plasma will always be formed

B (Energy will be released in the reaction)

16. A piece of gravel by the side of the road is most likely held together by: a. Covalent bonds b. Ionic bonds c. Van der Waals forces d. Crystal lattice e. Hydrogen bonds

B (Ionic Bonds)

125. Which of the following people first proposed that an atom is indivisible? a. Daniel Bernoulli b. John Dalton c. Dimitri Mendeleev d. Ernest Rutherford e. Albert Einstein

B (John Dalton)

76. in 1808, which person below borrowed the name "atom" from Greek writings and described in a modern way how it is that an atom is indivisible? a. Daniel Bernoulli b. John Dalton c. Dimitri Mendeleev d. Ernest Rutherford e. Albert Einstein

B (John Dalton)

11. Which instrument below emits photons that have wave crests in exact alignment? a. Electron microscope b. Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. c. Telescope fitted with a spectroscope. d. Spectroscope which is not part of a telescope. e. A source of alpha particles in a physics laboratory.

B (Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

4. One amp of electrical current is equal to: a. One newton per second b. One coulomb of charge per second c. One thousand watts per hour d. One volt times one amp e. One amp divided by one volt per second

B (One coulomb of charge per second)

29. How is the force of two changed particles related to their charges? a. Proportional to the product of their charges divided by the cube of the distance between them. b. Proportional to the product of their charges divided by the square of the distance between them. c. Proportional to the ratio of their charges divided by the distance between them. d. Proportional to the ration of their charges multiplied by the square of the distance between them. e. No known relation exists between charged particles and force.

B (Proportional to the product of their charges divided by the square of the distance between them)

163. The chemical bonds that hold most of your body together involve: a. A permanent exchange of electrons among atoms b. Sharing of electrons along one axis c. Distribution of electrons along one axis d. Deformation of atoms due to electrical forces e. Strong bonding in only one direction

B (Sharing of electrons along one axis)

50. Which of the following is totally a longitudinal wave? a. Water b. Sound c. Light d. Electromagnetic e. Laser

B (Sound)

10. Which of the following is the same for all kinds of electromagnetic waves? a. Frequency b. Speed c. Energy d. Wavelength e. Transmission

B (Speed)

107. Coulomb's law states that force is dependent on all EXCEPT: a. The Coulomb constant b. The difference in size between the two objects c. The charge of the smaller object d. The distance between the two objects e. The charge of the larger object

B (The difference in size between the two objects)

80. The surface temperature of the sun is approximately 5800k. Suppose that you heat a sample of hydrogen to more than that temperature. What is the most likely result? a. The hydrogen molecules break down into separate hydrogen atoms. b. The gas transforms into a different state of matter. c. It takes the energy and bonds into diatomic hydrogen molecules. d. The electron and proton in each atom collapse into each other and form neutrons.

B (The gas transforms into a different state of matter)

102. Which radiation is used to sterilize equipment? a. Microwave radiation b. Ultraviolet radiation c. Fluorescence d. Infrared radiation e. Radio waves

B (Ultraviolet radiation)

20. Which of the following common household products is an acid? a. Detergent b. Vinegar c. Milk d. Ammonia e. Salt

B (Vinegar)

158. A material that shows polarization in its chemical attraction is: a. Pencil lead b. Water c. Plastic d. Wood e. All of these

B (Water)

Which is not associated with broadcast radio waves? a. Amplitude modulation b. Frequency slices or bands c. "Radio Window" in the atmosphere d. Frequency modulation e. Electron motion in an antenna

C ("Radio Window" in the atmosphere)

85. How fast is a wave moving if it has a wavelength of 4.0 m and a frequency of 4 Hz? a. 8 m/s b. 1 m/s c. 16 m/s d. 0 m/s

C (16 m/s)

81. Methane combusts in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, as shown by this reaction: CH4 + O2 > CO2 + H2O. In an appropriately balanced chemical equation, what is the ratio of methane used to water produced? a. 1:1 b. 2:1 c. 1:2 d. 2:2

C (1:2)

115. How much electrical current will flow through a 250-watt stereo system to play a compact disk in the United States? (Assume a voltage source of 120V) a. 0.5 amps b. 1 amps c. 2 amps d. 25 amps e. 250

C (2 amps)

149. Most polymers are characterized as: a. Permanently stable compounds b. Interesting to study, but having little value in our lives. c. A collection of small molecules combined into long chains d. Found in synthetic products, but not in nature e. Weak but flexible

C (A collection of small molecules combined into long chains)

38. When two or more covalently bonded atoms combine chemically, this forms the basic constituent of many different kinds of materials, which is called: a. Uncuttable b. An element c. A molecule d. An electron e. Water

C (A molecule)

100. Light passing through a window is like: a. An image seen in a mirror b. Radio waves passing through the air c. A spectrum of colors in a glass pyramid d. The greenhouse effect

C (A spectrum of colors in a glass pyramid)

51. Sound waves cannot travel through: a. Very dense materials b. Water c. A vacuum d. Glass e. Helium

C (A vacuum)

152. An example of an ionic bond is: a. N2 b. Au c. Ag d. CaCl2 e. All of these

C (Ag)

71. What scientist is credited with making the first battery? a. Luigi Galvani b. Michael Faraday c. Alessandro Volta d. Benjamin Franklin e. William Gilbert

C (Alessandro Volta)

91. Bats navigate by emitting high pitched sound waves which: a. Scatter all objects in their path. b. Attract insects toward the sound. c. Allow them to listen for an echo d. Allow them to calculate wave crests per second e. None of the above

C (Allow them to listen for an echo)

25. An ionic bond forms when the following happens: a. Atoms that like to share electrons interact with each other. b. An atom that likes to share electrons interacts with an electron that likes to take electrons. c. An atom that likes to give up an electron interacts with an atom that likes to take electrons. d. Atoms that do not like to share electrons interact with each other.

C (An atom that likes to give up an electron interacts with an atom that likes to take electrons)

26. The functioning of an electric motor depends on the fact that: a. Like charges attract, unalike charges repel. b. Like magnetic poles attract, unlike magnetic poles repel. c. An electrical current produces a magnetic field. d. Permanent magnets are always stronger than electromagnets. e. All motors must have several electromagnets.

C (An electrical current produces a magnetic field)

49. Which of the following items would use only low-resistance wires? a. A toaster b. A space heater (electric heater for a room in your house) c. An electrical transmission line d. An incandescent light bulb e. A hair dryer

C (An electrical transmission line)

139. In the periodic table of the elements, the heaviest element is located: a. At the top right corner b. In the center of the chart c. At the lower right corner d. At the top right corner e. At the lower left corner

C (At the lower right corner)

87. The Doppler Effect is NOT observed where the following occurs: a. The source moves towards or away from the observer. b. The observer moves towards or away from the source. c. Both the observer and the source are moving at the same velocity. d. Both the observer and the source are moving at different velocities.

C (Both the observer and the source are moving at the same velocity)

148. Which of the following chemical reactions shows combustion? a. Fe2 + H2O > FeO + H2 b. HCl + NAOH > NaCl + H2O c. Ch4 + 2O2 > CO2 + 2H2O d. Pb + PbO2 + 2H2SO4 > 2PbSO4 + 2H2O e. CaO + 2HCl > CaCl2 + H2O

C (Ch4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O)

64. The strongest type of bond is: a. Ionic b. Metallic c. Covalent d. Van der Walls e. Inert

C (Covalent)

77. The relationship between the atomic theories of Democritus and Dalton is that: a. Both were based on observations in nature b. Neither was based on observations in nature c. Dalton's theory depended upon observation; Democritus' theory did not. d. Democritus's theory depended upon observation; Dalton's did not e. Dalton used the term atom; Democritus did not.

C (Dalton's theory depended upon observation; Democritus's theory did not)

109. A force field surrounding a charged object is a: a. Gravitational field b. Gravitational force c. Electrical field d. Electrical force e. Magnetic field

C (Electrical field)

2. The lines of force radiating from a charged object is called a/an: a. Gravitational field b. Gravitational force c. Electrical field d. Electrical force e. Magnetic field

C (Electrical field)

36. "Allowed Orbits" was a phrase applied to the: a. Electrons in Rutherford's model of the atom. b. Protons in Dalton's model of the atom. c. Electrons in Bohr's model of the atom. d. Protons in Thompson's experiments. e. Neutrons in Mendeleev's periodic table of elements.

C (Electrons in Bohr's model of the atom)

101. A light wave propagates itself through: a. Disturbances in the ether b. Reflecting gamma radiation c. Energy in shifting magnetic and electric fields d. The seismic energy of the sun e. All of the above

C (Energy in shifting magnetic and electric fields)

73. Which property of electromagnetic waves is measured in Hertz? a. Amplitude b. Speed c. Frequency d. Length e. Energy

C (Frequency)

110. The newest version of hybrid cars: a. Use magnetic monopoles b. Incorporate nuclear and electric motors c. Get above 50 miles per gallon on the highway d. Have lead-acid batteries e. Has altered car manufacturers' attitudes

C (Get above 50 miles per gallon on the highway)

162. A high octane rating in gasoline causes less engine knock because: a. High octane gas is easier to distill than low octane b. High octane is less complex hydrocarbons than low octane c. High octane can withstand high compression in a cylinder without igniting d. The isomer n-heptane is the primary component e. High octane contains small amounts of isooctane

C (High octane can withstand high compression in a cylinder without igniting)

160. A material that shows CONSISTENT hydrogen bonding in its chemical attraction is: a. Pencil lead b. Liquid water c. Ice d. Wood e. All of these

C (Ice)

54. Where would you not expect to find plasma? a. The sun b. Sealed in a magnetic bottle c. In an ice cube d. Neon lights e. Fluorescent light bulbs

C (In an ice cube)

37. An element with an atomic number of 8: a. Was the eighth element discovered. b. Contains atoms with four protons and four neutrons. c. Is composed of atoms with only eight protons. d. Has eight electrons in the outer shell of each atom. e. Has six protons and two neutrons.

C (Is composed of atoms with only eight protons)

72. Coulomb discovered that the electrical force equation is very similar to the force equation ____ had discovered. a. Benjamin Franklin b. James Clerk Maxwell c. Isaac Newton d. Thomas Edison e. Michael Faraday

C (Isaac Newton)

145. Which state of matter maintains a constant volume but not a fixed shape? a. Gas b. Plasma c. Liquid d. Crystal e. Solid

C (Liquid)

1. Which of the following can produce magnetic fields? a. Gravitational Force b. Static Electrical Force c. Moving Electrical Charges d. Flowing Water or Other Lipids e. Rubbing Amber

C (Moving Electrical Charges)

142. A properly functioning neon light given off is caused by: a. A chemical reaction between neon atoms b. Neon atoms transitioning from a ground state to an excited state c. Neon atoms transitioning from an excited state to a ground state d. A physical reaction between neon atoms e. Electron jumping from neon atom to neon atom

C (Neon atoms transitioning from an excited state to a ground state)

28. In the equation for Ohm's law, resistance is in the unit: a. Volts b. Amps c. Ohms d. Watts e. Coulombs

C (Ohms)

113. Hanz Christian Oersted discovered the relationship between the forces of magnetism and electricity by: a. Many long years of tedious research b. Reading the writings of Galvani c. Paying attention during a physics lecture d. Interpreting his dreams e. Replicating the experiments of Volta

C (Paying attention during a physics lecture)

12. A photon is emitted by an atom when one atom's electrons: a. Collide with other electrons b. Shift to a higher energy level c. Shift to a lower energy level d. Is removed from the atom e. Leaves the atom

C (Shifts to a lower energy level)

155. To see an everyday example of oxidation, you might observe: a. Growing hair b. Glass breaking c. Silver tarnish d. A thunderstorm e. A light bulb shining

C (Silver tarnish)

108. Which scientist was most influential in Coulomb's work? a. Benjamin Franklin b. James Clerk Maxwell c. Sir Isaac Newton d. Thomas Edison e. Michael Faraday

C (Sir Isaac Newton)

35. It was first discovered that atoms have a nucleus when: a. Scientists photographed the nucleus of uranium. b. Einstein hypothesized the existence of the nucleus in 1915. c. Some alpha particles were deflected by gold nuclei in Rutherford's experiment. d. Experiments showed that electrons must have a charge balance at an atom's center. e. Rutherford split the nucleus of uranium atoms.

C (Some alpha particles were deflected by gold nuclei in Rutherford's experiment)

39. In the periodic table of elements, a period refers to the: a. Vertical column b. Number of neutrons c. The horizontal row d. Atomic mass of the atom e. Number of protons in the atom

C (The horizontal row)

19. Chemical bonds are: a. The attraction among atoms resulting from the destruction of electrons. b. An unstable configuration among two or more elements. c. The redistributed of electrons between atoms, leading to a more stable configuration. d. Sharing protons in the lowest energy level. e. Explained in laws of thermodynamics.

C (The redistribution of electrons between atoms, leading to a more stable configuration)

86. A long, taut string on a guitar is plucked. The wave that travels down its length is: a. Latitudinal b. Longitudinal c. Transverse d. Reversed

C (Transverse)

118. When you cut a magnet in half, you get: a. Two north poles b. Two south poles c. Two north poles and two south poles d. One magnetic monopole e. One south pole and one north pole

C (Two north poles and two south poles)

41. Which statement is true of liquid crystals? a. Could not be akin to the "lipid bilayer" molecules in the primitive oceans. b. Liquid crystals become less structured in the presence of an electric field. c. Under the influence of an electric field, liquid crystals form a partially ordered structure of molecules. d. Polymers broken into individual parts reform as liquid crystals e. Being a liquid, they have no order

C (Under the influence of an electric field, liquid crystals form a partially ordered structure of molecules)

The spontaneous formation of new chemical bonds usually leads to the emission of energy in the form of heat because of which of the following reasons? a. Electrons go from lower energy states to higher energy states. b. Nuclei go from higher energy states to lower energy states c. Valence electrons go from higher energy states to lower energy states. d. Electrons in the outermost shell adopt identical low-energy states

C (Valence electrons go from higher energy states to lower energy states)

42. The electrons at the outer energy level of the atom are called: a. Outer field electrons b. The atomic number c. Valence electrons d. Van der Waals electrons e. Ionic electrons

C (Valence electrons)

99. Which wave does not move in a medium? a. Ocean wave b. Sound wave c. X-ray d. Seismic wave e. All of the above require a medium for transfer

C (X-ray)

7. How fast can light travel in one second, if it is moving through a vacuum? a. 186,000 feet b. 30,000 meters c. 18,600 miles d. 300,000 kilometers e. 3,000,000 miles

D (300,000 kilometers)

33. What causes an electromagnetic wave to be emitted? a. Writing an equation that has the wave form in it b. Destructive interference of sound waves. c. Trying to separate electrical from magnetic phenomena. d. Acceleration of an electrical charge. e. Constructive interference of any kind of wave.

D (Acceleration of an electric charge)

82. Which of the following is not a property of magnets? a. All magnets have poles b. All magnets can attract an iron nail c. All magnet poles come in pairs, a north and a south d. All magnets are made from steel

D (All magnets are made from steel)

62. An atom that has gained or lost electrons is known as: a. A nucleus b. A proton c. An electron d. An ion e. A neutron

D (An ion)

98. Constructive interference is to destructive interference as: a. (a + a) is to (-a + -a) b. (a + a) is to (a + -a) c. Rough is to smooth d. B and C e. A and C

D (B and C)

27. William Gilbert discovered many important properties of magnets. Which of the following was not among Gilbert's findings? a. Every magnet has at least two poles. b. If magnetic poles are alike, they repel each other. c. Steel rods can be magnetized by stroking them with a lodestone. d. Electric currents can be produced by changing magnetic fields. e. Iron's magnetism can be destroyed by heating.

D (Electric currents can be produced by changing magnetic fields)

126. Evidence for the theory that an atom is mostly space was based on research by: a. Joseph John Thompson b. Niels Bohr c. John Dalton d. Ernest Rutherford e. Daniel Bernoulli

D (Ernest Rutherford)

131. All elements in a column in the periodic table of elements a. Have very little in common b. Form a compound known as a salt c. Are alkaline earth metals d. Have similar chemical properties e. Are noble gases

D (Have similar chemical properties)

23. Inert gases: a. Have very little in common. b. Form a compound known as a salt. c. Are also called halogens. d. Have similar chemical properties. e. All contain oxygen.

D (Have similar chemical properties)

13. In the periodic table of elements, the only element lighter than helium is: a. Argon b. Neon c. Oxygen d. Hydrogen e. Silicon

D (Hydrogen)

117. The load in an electric blow dryer is: a. Where the dryer plugs into the electrical outlet b. Where the electrical cord is attached to the dryer c. In the on/off switch d. In the heating element and fan e. Where the heated air is exhausted

D (In the heating element and fan)

78. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) atoms form a crystal lattice that is held together by: a. Hydrogen bonds b. Salt bonds c. Covalent bonds d. Ionic bonds e. Van der Waals bonds

D (Ionic Bonds)

47. Which of the following statements about the hydrogen bond is accurate? a. It's one way in which metallically bonded molecules attract each other. b. It's one way in which ionically bonded molecules attract each other. c. It's one way in which covalent molecules form in the first place. d. It's one way in which covalently bonded molecules attract each other.

D (It's one way in which covalently bonded molecules attract each other)

106. In a famous experiment in the late 1700s, Charles Coulomb a. Repeated Benjamin Franklin's kite and lightning demonstration b. Measured electricity with a galvanometer c. Proved newton's three laws of motion d. Measured the force of the electric charge in objects e. Showed that muscle contractions are both electric and chemical

D (Measured the force of the electric charge in objects)

151. Which makes the best electrical conductor? a. Covalent bonds b. Ionic bonds c. Hydrogen bonds d. Metallic bonds e. Polymers

D (Metallic bonds)

44. Which of the following is something common to both the electrical force and the gravitational force? a. They both have roughly the same relative strength. b. They both only cause attraction between objects. c. Both of these are common features between forces due to electricity and gravity. d. None of these are common features between the electrical and gravitational forces.

D (Neither of these are common features between the electrical and gravitational forces)

56. If you drop a material that is held together by ionic bonds, one likely outcome is that it will: a. Bend b. Bounce c. Flow across the floor d. Shatter e. Be dented

D (Shatter)

92. What causes an electromagnetic wave to be emitted? a. Wind on the water b. Earthquakes c. Bat echoes d. The acceleration of an electric charge e. All of the above

D (The acceleration of an electric charge)

59. Our basic knowledge of the properties of static electricity began: a. In the sixteen-hundreds b. With the invention of the battery c. With the invention of the electric motor d. In the eighteenth century e. In the seventeenth century

D (The eighteenth century)

46. What was the first constituent of an atom to be discovered? a. The ion b. The proton c. The neutron d. The electron

D (The electron)

69. Which of the following is an observation we can make about pipes in an organ? a. The longest pipes give rise to the highest frequencies b. The shortest pipe gives rise to the smallest frequencies c. The length of pipe is inversely proportional to the square of the frequency of the sound it produces d. The length of the pipe is inversely proportional to the frequency of the sound it produces.

D (The length of the pipe is inversely proportional to the frequency of the sound it produces)

103. You are riding in your car during a thunderstorm listening to the radio. A bolt of lightning strikes a few miles away; you se the bolt and a few seconds later hear the thunder. However, the radio speaker made a "pop" sound just as the lightning bolt struck. How did the radio "hear" the thunder before your ears did? a. The radio is more sensitive to sound than your ears b. The radio is quicker to respond to the sound c. The lightning is faster than thunder d. The lightning produced a radio frequency e. All of these

D (The lightning produced a radio frequency)

138. One difference between the motion of electrons in an atom and the motion of planets in the solar system is that: a. Gravity holds the planets in orbit while centripetal force holds the electrons b. Electron orbits are uniform, planetary orbits are not c. Brownian motion applies to planets but not electrons d. The orbit of a planet is constantly being accelerated e. All of the above apply to both planets and electrons.

D (The orbit of a planet is constantly being accelerated)

31. The higher the frequency of a sound wave, the: a. Louder it is b. Lower the pitch c. Longer the wave length d. The shorter the wavelength e. The faster it travels

D (The shorter the wavelength)

136. The model for the Rutherford atom is best compared to: a. A blueberry muffin b. A spiral galaxy c. A one-celled animal d. The solar system e. A beach ball

D (The solar system)

105. What is a practical use of infrared radiation detection? a. Night vision for nocturnal animals b. To monitor volcanoes c. To find heat in homes d. To search for lost people e. All of the above

D (To search for lost people)

6. The fundamental difference between electromagnetic waves and other types of waves is that electromagnetic waves: a. Move more slowly than all other types of waves. b. Are invisible regardless of wavelength. c. Do not experience constructive or destructive interference. d. Transfer energy without transferring mass. e. All have the same wavelength.

D (Transfer energy without transferring mass)

96. Which practical use has been found for gamma rays? a. Detecting the speed of a traveling car b. Controlling destructive interference c. Cooking food d. Treating cancerous tissues e. Carrying radio signals

D (Treating cancerous tissues)

45. Short-wavelength ultraviolet light and gamma rays don't travel very far through the Earth's atmosphere before being absorbed. Based on this, which of the following would you expect to be absorbed by Earth's atmosphere? a. Infrared rays b. Radio waves c. Microwaves d. X-rays

D (X-rays)

48. Ohm's Law states: a. Electrical pressure = flow charge/flow resistance b. Current = voltage (volts) + flow charge (coulombs) c. Power (watts) = current (amps) x voltage (volts) d. Voltage (volts) = current (amps) x resistance (ohms) e. Voltage (volts) = pressure (ohms) x resistance (ohms)

D [Voltage (volts) = current (amps) x resistance (ohms)]

128. An electrically neutral nuclear particle is: a. A nucleus b. A proton c. An electron d. An ion e. A neutron

E (A neutron)

122. It is possible to make an electric current flow in a loop of wire by: a. Inserting a battery into the loop b. Static electrical charges c. Moving a magnet near the loop d. Spinning the loop in a magnetic field e. A, C, and D

E (A, C, and D)

134. If an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level: a. A photon is emitted b. A photon is absorbed c. An observer will see light d. The electron disappears between levels e. A, C, and D

E (A, C, and D)

111. What are some of the ways the Earth's magnetic field is used for navigation? a. Sailors use compasses to direct their course b. Some bacteria navigate down within pond ooze c. Migratory birds are directed by the magnetic field d. Australian silvereye can see the magnetic fields e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

119. In which of the following objects would you find an electromagnet? a. Wall switch, buzzer, motors b. Thermostats, electric drill, electric fan c. Hair dryer, electric razor, power drill d. Heater, food processor, CD player e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

146. Examples of polymers are: a. Fur and cellulose b. Spider webs and plastic c. Nylon and cotton d. Some paints, inks, and glues e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

150. Which of the following is a characteristic of hydrogen bonds? a. Separaton of electrical charges b. Links of hydrogen to oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine c. Biological polymers d. DNA double helix e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

94. Which is associated with radio waves? a. Amplitude modulation b. 530 to 1600 kHz c. Wavelengths longer than Earth's radius d. Frequency modulation e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

97. Sound waves with low frequency: a. Have large amplitudes if they are not loud b. Travel at the same speed as sound waves with high frequency c. Have long wavelengths d. Have low pitches e. All of the above

E (All of the above)

156. Your friend cut her hand while replacing a windowpane. Which of the following can affect the way her blood clots? a. The nature of the cut b. The presence of foreign matter in the wound c. Genetic diseases d. Temperature e. All of these factors affect blood clotting

E (All of these factors affect blood clotting)

67. An example of a metallic bond is: a. DNA b. Organic compounds c. Hydrogen gas d. NaCl e. An alloy

E (An alloy)

55. Which of the following represents the most stable arrangement of electrons? a. Atoms with completely filled valence shells b. Elements that are positioned on the far right column of the periodic table of elements c. Inert gases such as helium, neon, and argon d. Atoms with a total of 2, 10, 18, or 36 electrons e. Any or all of these answers are correct

E (Any or all of these answers are correct)

147. To save money, you bought a tougher cut of meat. Which of the following processes will you be using if you use a meat tenderizer? a. Distillation b. Condensation reaction c. Precipitation d. Dehydration synthesis e. Depolymerization

E (Depolymerization)

5. Motors and magnets owe their existence to what force? a. Strong force b. Weak force c. Gravitational force d. Static electrical force e. Electromagnetic force

E (Electromagnetic force)

141. Which of the following is the most realistic depiction of the modern model of a Helium atom with a nucleus of 1 millimeter? a. Electron shell at a distance of 1 centimeter b. Electron shell at a distance of 1 decimeter c. Electron shell at a distance of 1 meter d. Electron shell at a distance of 10 meters e. Electron shell at a distance of 100 meters

E (Electron shell at a distance of 100 meters)

130. Each electron shell corresponds to a different: a. Electron b. Element c. Ion d. Atom e. Energy level

E (Energy level)

133. Democritus put forth the concept of an atom because: a. Experimental evidence b. Older idea borrowed from Egyptians c. Observe rocks turning into pebbles turning into sand d. His invention of the magnification glass led him to believe in smaller particles. e. It was philosophically satisfying that there would be ultimate particles

E (It was philosophically satisfying that there would be ultimate particles)

18. An example of something that is not a polymer is: a. Fur and cellulose b. Spider webs and plastic c. Nylon and cotton d. Meat e. Plasma and gas

E (Plasma and gas)

137. Which group of substances below contains only elements? a. Hydrogen, plastics, carbon b. Salt, copper, aluminum c. Gold, silver, limestone d. Steel, carbon, oxygen e. Silicon, carbon, calcium

E (Silicon, carbon, calcium)

114. What important practical device followed directly from Michael Faraday's work? a. The battery b. The thermostat c. The electromagnet d. The internal combustion engine e. The electric generator

E (The electric generator)

161. Which chemical bond would be analogous to a post-it-note type of glue? a. Metallic b. Ionic c. Covalent d. Hydrogen e. Van der Waals

E (Van der Waals)

127. In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of: a. Atomic mass b. Number of protons c. Number of electrons d. Reactivity e. All of the above

E (all of the above)