Conceptual Framework

Health

DOROTHEA OREM - "Being structurally and functionally whole or sound." - involves the health of individuals and groups - Ability to reflect on one's self

Person

DOROTHEA OREM Men cared for either singly or as social units," and are the "material object" of nurses and others who provide direct care

Nursing

DOROTHEA OREM More than ordinary assistance necessary to meet needs for self-care

Environment

DOROTHEA OREM Physical, chemical and biological features Includes the family, culture and community.

Florence Nightingale

Environmental Theory: environment was central to nursing care and nurses need not know all about the disease process differentiated nursing from medicine

- Air - Food - Water - Prevention of Hazards - Elimination - Rest - Activity - Solitude - Social Interaction - Promotion of Normalcy

SELF CARE What are Universal Self-Care Requisites?

Sister Callista Roy

1976 Adaption Model Goal of nursing is to help the person adapt to changes in physiological needs, self concept, role function, and interdependent relations during health and fitness need for care is when patient can not adapt to internal and external environmental demands

Assumptions

explain the nature of concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships and structure of a theory ex) patients are dynamic, patients are diverse, nursing students are stressed out

Grand theory

systematic and broad in scope. Require further specification thru research

Phenomenon

term, description or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a group of events or a group of situations ex) caring, self care, patient responses to stress

Fresh air Pure water Appropriate nutrition Cleanliness Light Quiet

What are the five components needed in Nightingale's environmental theory?

- Identify domain and goals of nursing - Provide knowledge and measuring to improve: administration, practice, education and research - Techniques to evaluate interventions - Structure and rationale for nursing activities - Develop curriculum for nursing education

What are the five goals of theoretical nursing models?

1. doing (WC or PC) 2. teaching (PC or ES) 3. Provide a developmental environment (ES) 4. Guiding/counseling (help patient problem solve) (PC or ES) 5. Supportive (PC or ES)

What are the five ways of helping a patient thru self-care deficits?

Related concepts + Definitions + Assumptions = Phenomena

What are the four components of a theory?

Person Health Environment Nursing

What are the four components to any nursing theory?

Human being Adaptation Nursing

What are the three concepts to the adaptation model?

Universal Self-Care Requisites Health Deviation Self Care Requisites Development Self-Care Requisites

What are the three requisites for Orem's self care theory?

Developmental Self-care Requisites

- Associated with developmental processes - Derived from a condition or associated with an event.

Orem's value system

- Optimal health for all human beings - Independence in caring for one's health care needs - Values nursing as essentially useful to society in meeting above

Health Deviation Self Care Requisite

- Seeking medical assistance - Awareness of and attending to pathologic conditions - Carrying out medically prescribed measures - Modifying self-concepts to accept oneself - Learning to live with the effects of pathologic conditions.

Theory of Self care deficits

- When a person cannot meet his own needs - When nursing is needed - Focuses on the we (patient and nurse)

Definitions

Communicate the general meaning of the concepts. Help to describe the activity necessary to measure the concepts within a theory

Health

Components of any Nursing Theory "state of complete physical mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" -World Health Org

Nursing

Components of any Nursing Theory - Diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems

Environment

Components of any Nursing Theory - includes all possible conditions affecting patients and the settings in which their health care needs to occur - Factors in home, school, workplace, community

Person

Components of any Nursing Theory Recipient of nursing care - individual, groups, families, communities individuals needs are complex = individualized nursing care

Theory of Self care

Focuses on the self: Activities individual initiates and performs on his or her own behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being

Theory of Nursing system

How the patient's self-care needs will be met by the nurse, the patient, or by both

Educative supportive

NURSING SYSTEMS THEORY Patient can do but may not have the knowledge or skills

Wholly compensatory

NURSING SYSTEMS THEORY patient has everything done for him/her

Partly compensatory

NURSING SYSTEMS THEORY Patient assists

Concepts

can be simple/complex and relate to an object or events that comes from individual perceptual experiences ex) ideas and mental images