Critical Thinking Quiz 1

The principle of contradiction applies whenever opposing statements make exa try assertions

-Opposite

According to the author, intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do. -True -False

-True Detailed answer: The author states in the sentence "intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do" that intelligence is not just a static trait but an active process that we engage in.

According to the author, "thinking" is defined as: A. A purposeful mental activity. B. A way to manipulate behaviors C. An idle activity for scholars and dreamers. D. A way to coordinate thought with emotion.

A. A purposeful mental actuivity Detailed answer: The author defines "thinking" as a purposeful mental activity, emphasizing the intentionality and goal-oriented nature of the process. The other answer choices do not accurately reflect the author's definitions.

A statement cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. This statements represents what principle? A. The "Transition" principle B. The principle of "Contradiction" C. The "Golden Rule" principle D. The principle of "Expectancy"

B. The principles of "Contradiction" Detailed answer: This statement represents the principle of "Contradiction," which states that a statement cannot be both true and false a the same time and in the same way. This principle is a fundamental principle of logic and reasoning, and it underlies many others principles and concepts in these fields.

The human mind is capable of much more than passively receiving and storing information. It has the potential to seek out and evaluate ideas, use them to solve problems, resolve issues, and meet everyday challenges. In a word, the human mind has the potential for. A. Manipulation B. Thinking C. Learning D. Processing

B. Thinking Detailed answer: The sentence indicates that the human mind as the potential to actively engage with ideas and use them to solve problems, indicating a capacity for thinking. While the other choices might play a role in the process, they do not fully capture the range of activities that sentence suggests.

When checking facts and testing opinions, one way to recognize that an opinion is flawed is to observe that is leads to unintended, and sometimes undesired, consequences. This method of testing opinions is called. A. Consult everyday experiences B. Reverse the opinion C. Consider the opinion's likely consequences D. Think of exceptions

C. Consider the opinions likely consequences Detailed answer: Considering the opinion's likely consequences is the best way to recognize that an opinion is flawed. This involves examining how the opinion might play out in practice and whether it could have unintended consequences that the author has not fully considered. By analyzing the potential consequences of an opinion, we better able to judge its value and make informed decisions about whether to accept or reject it.

The author tells us that distinguishing facts from opinions can be difficult for all the following reasons except: A. Not every statement of fact is factual. B. Opinions are often stated as if they were facts. C. Opinions are considered factual if they come from someone you respect. D. Over time, some opinions acquire the status of facts.

C. Opinions are considered factual if they come from someone you respect. Detailed answer: The author lists A, B and D as reason why distinguishing facts from opinions can be difficult. The author does not mention the opinions re considered factual if they come from someone you respect.

According to the text, there are three broad dimensions of thinking; what are they? A. Thinking, feeling, and wanting B. Emotional, creative, and reactive C. Reflective, creative, and critical D. Processing, thinking, and verbalizing

C. Reflective, creative, and critical Detailed answer: The text states that the three broad dimension of thinking ar reflective thinking, and critical thinking. Option A is incorrect because "feeling" and "wanting" are not dimensions of thinking, but rather related to emotions and motivation. Option B is incorrect because "emotional" and "reactive" are not dimension of thinking, but rather related to emotional responses. Option D is incorrect because "processing" and "verbalizing" are not dimension of thinking, but rather related to cognitive processes and communication.

To be a ---- you will need to develop the habit of testing opinions...your own as well as others...before trusting them.

Critical Thinker

According to the author, we much check facts and test opinions about an issue because sometimes people misstate them. The author lists several ways of checking facts and testing opinions. All of the following are ways of checking facts and testing opinions, except: A. Consult everyday experiences B. Consider the opinion's likely consequences. C. Reverse the opinion D. Consider the character of the source.

D. Consider the character of the source

The author tells us that the foundation of thinking are. A. Perceptions B. Experiences C. Expectations D. Principles

D. Principles

When we are checking facts and testing opinions, the strategy of "thinking of exceptions" is an approach that entails identifying and examining related ideas suggested by the opinion. -True -False

False

When checking facts and testing opinions, we should never depend upon everyday experience as an adequate indicator. -True -False

False Detailed answer: Everyday experience, while no the only source, can provide valuable insights and evidence for testing opinions and checking facts, but it should be supplemented with other methods of verification for a comprehensive understanding.

Whenever you are tempted to deny a fair hearing on unfamiliar or opposing ideas, remind yourself that examining an idea begins with embracing the idea. -True -False

False Detailed answer: Examining an idea does not necessarily begin with embracing it: it begins with being open to understanding and critically evaluating it, which is different from accepting or embracing the idea without scrutiny.

As used in critical thinking, the term refers only to matters of judgement, not to matters of taste or personal preference.

Opinion

The opinion is a technique for evaluating opinions by taking the exact opposite of the opinion and determining if a case can be made for it.

Reverse

__ as we define it in this book, is a purposeful mental activity.

Thinking

Another reason that facts and opinions can be difficult to distinguish is that opinions are often stated as if they were facts. -True -False

True Detailed answer: Opinions can sometimes be presented in a way that makes them sound like facts, which can make it difficult to differentiate between the two