CTS Exam
No viewing position in the horizontal plane should exceed __________ degrees from the opposite perpendicular edge of the displayed image.
60
The IETF recommends that no more than _____ bits of an IPv6 address be used as network identifier bits.
64
You measure the background noise level in a conference room at 40 dB SPL A-wtd. What is the target sound pressure level of the audio system?
65
According to the equal loudness curve chart below, how loud does a 20 Hz sound have to be before it is audible?
70 dB
In the building process what is the first milestone
Issue request for proposal
What information do you need in order to assign a static address to a device? Check all that apply.
Subnet Mask; MAC address; IP address
The following lists methods of control for an AV system.
IR, TCP/IP, RS-232
When purchasing AV supplies and equipment for a client AV installation project what needs to be done?
Identify needed equipment, tools and labor, work with vendors for prices and delivery schedule.
What is the main reason for conducting a Needs Analysis?
Identify the activities that the end-users will perform, and the functions that the AV system should provide to support these activities
Polar plot diagrams are used for which purpose?
Identifying a device's directionality at a given frequency
The Farthest Viewer distance for ADM depends on (select all that apply):
Image Height; Verical Image Resolution
The process of identifying the activities that end-users need to perform, and developing the functional descriptions of your systems is referred to as:?
Needs Analysis
An audio amplifier outputs 75 watts and then it is decreased to 50 watts. What is the change in decibels?
Negative -1.8 dB
Method and the Qualifications- Based Selection Method?
Negotiate with the highest ranking firm to finalize the contract
Which layer of the OSI model applies IP address to packets and routes them to their destinations?
Network
Sound waves have a time relationship to each other known as
Phase
What stages are in both small and large construction projects
Program, Design, Construction and Occupy
The program reports executive summary should contain a brief overview of the project and
Programming process
Whether a construction project is large or small, which milestones must be achieved in a typical schedule
Programming, Building Design, AV Bid, and Move-In
Whether a construction project is large or small, which milestones must be achieved in a typical schedule?
Programming, Building Design, AV Bid, and Move-In
When negotiating a contract for a job that will take a long time to complete, one should consider ______.
Progress, stage, or interim invoicing
There are four loudspeakers wired in parallel. Two of the loudspeakers each have an impedance of 8 ohms. Two of the loudspeakers each have an impedance of 16 ohms. Calculate the impedance of this parallel circuit.
2.7 ohms
The broadcast address for the network address 207.161.92.0/24 would be _____.
207.161.92.255
A screen is 125 inches (3175 mm) wide and the throw ratio is 2.3:1. How far from the screen should the projector be placed? Express your answer in inches or millimeters
287.5 in
If there are ____ bumps on the head of an ASTM ASE graded bolt, it is grade 5.
3
How many connectors do you need to connect an RS-232
3 wires 2-3-5
If the measured power in a circuit is 5W, and the current is 1.5 amps, what is the voltage?
3.3 V
The screen is 120 inches (3048 mm) wide and the lens ratio is 2.5:1. How far from the screen should the projector be placed?
300 in
If the displayed text size in a projection presentation is 2‐inch/50‐mm then the viewer should not befarther away than:
300 inches/7,620 mm
The permissible area for two cables in a conduit is limited to _____ percent of the conduit area.
31%
Which of the following functions are handled by Internet Protocol (IP)? Select all that apply.
Routing packets; Fragmenting packets; Logical addres structure
Which layer of the OSI model sends Ethernet frames to their physical destinations?
Data Link
The main purpose of the program report is to list the equipment and model numbers that will be used in the final system
False
During the System Commissioning and training phase, what is the role of the punch or checklist
It defines the items that require resolution for project completion
What is a benefit of offering a free training session for a client with new equipment?
It is a positive approach for a long-term partnership
What constraints on working at a site need to be noted when collecting site information?
Limitations on activities, time of day, parking & loading, noise
How does the AV team use information about any identified constraints to the AV design and installation tasks?
The constraints identified in the needs assessment are considered in the design plan
What is the risk in using an OFE/Integrator Installed contract structure?
System and infrastructure design and facility functionality may suffer
What is the last step of the Construction Phase
Systems Training
Resistance is
The opposition to the flow of electrons in Direct Current.
In the program phase, what must be determined to assure that a functional AV system scope will be created?
The specific functions, tasks, and applications of the presenter
Why is it very important to document all changes or update activities on an AV system whenever they are performed?
To manage and maintain the system successfully over time.
A fundamental step in supporting the end user's needs is
determining the overall function of the room or facility type
What is a projector's throw distance?
the distance between a location on the projector to the screen for a given image size
There are eight loudspeakers wired in parallel and each loudspeaker's impedance is 16 ohms. The impedance of the circuit is _____ ohms.
2 ohms
You require a 16:9 screen with a height of 60 inches (1524 mm). What will the screen's diagonal be?
122.4
Please select the appropriate resolution for SXGA.
1280 x 1024
What is the aspect ratio of a screen with a width of 108 inches (2743 mm) and a diagonal of 135 inches (3429)?
135:101.25
Using best practices, determine maximum viewer distance by multiplying the text height by:
150
A screen is 72 inches (1829 mm) wide and the throw ratio is 2.1:1. How far from the screen should the projector be placed? Express your answer in inches or millimeters.
151.2 in
A _____ bit display will display 65,536 colors.
16
The screen is 90 inches (2286 mm) wide and the lens ratio is 2.0:1. How far from the screen should the projector be placed?
180 in
Determine the wattage in a circuit measuring 120 volts with 15 amperes of current flow.
1800 W
When terminating a Category 5e cable with an 8P8C (RJ-45) connector, it is best practice to untwist each wire pair:
As little as possible to get each wire to enter the proper channel in the connector
How are lighting requirements determined for a given amount of space in a venue?
As the distance from a light source is doubled, perceived illumination decreases by 75%
Farthest viewer rule
No farther than 8X the screen's height
Devices that _____ should be on a VLAN. Check all that apply.
are in separate locations; need to communicate mostly with each other; are not intended to share network segments with other kinds of data
When data that has not been requested by a network client arrives at a gateway router, the firewall typically _____.
blocks the unsolicited packets
Composite video is made
by combining the luminance and chroma information onto one cable
A fundamental step in supporting the end user's needs is:
determining the overall function of the room or facility type
Employee evaluations must include:
Documentation of All standards
What Viewing Category applies to a space used for word processing and spreadsheets?
BDM
What is the standards for measuring light?
Candela, Lux, Nits
Resistance ____ the flow of current.
reduces
Phantom power is the _____ required to power a condenser microphone.
remote power
What should be included in the written Program Report?
...A conceptual and functional system description
1mm = how many inches
.0393
If the measured current is 10 A and the voltage is 120 V, what is the resistance in the circuit?
12 Ohms
A 1000BaseT network transmits _____.
1 Gbps baseband signals over twisted pair Cat cables
The current in a circuit is measured at 1 A, and the resistance is 1 ohm. What is the voltage?
1 V
What is the conversion from feet to meters
1 ft = .3048
What is the conversion of inches to millimeter
1 inch = 25.4 mm
Digital signals are a stream of
1's and 0's
Drag these 10 Gigabit physical media to place them in order from shortest cable run to longest.
1. 10GBaseCX4- Four-conductor balanced shielded twisted pair 2. 10GBaseT- Cat 5e twisted pair cable or better 3. 10GBaseLX4- 62.5/125 microm multimode optical fiber, 1310 nm wavelength 4. 10GBaseER- 9microm mode optical fiber, 1550 nm wavelength
Another way to signify an aspect ratio of 4:3 would be
1.33:1
The HDTV aspect ratio is equal to which of the following?
1.78:1
Match each reserved IPv4 network address range with its purpose.
10.0.0.0/8 - Private address range for large networks; 224.0.0.0/4 -Multicast address range; 169.254.0.0/16 - Automatic private IP addressing (APIPA) address range; 192.168.0.0/16 - Private address range for small to medium networks; 127.0.0.0/8 - Loopback address range
The term Fast Ethernet refers to _____.
100 Mbps Ethernet
If you are projecting onto a screen that is 10 feet (3 meters) wide and your projection distance to screenwidth ratio is 2.0:1, what should be the distance of the projector from the screen?
20 feet (6 meters)
When AV systems incorporate lighting controls, special considerations are given when the lighting is run on a ___ power system.
277 V
The current in a circuit is 0.5 A, and the voltage is measured at 9 V. What is the power?
4.5 W
If the measured current in a circuit is 5 A and the resistance is 8 ohms, what is the voltage?
40
How loud (in decibels) does a 60 Hz sound have to be for it to be audible?
40 dB
The permissible area for three or more cables in a conduit is limited to _____ percent of the conduit area.
40%
How far can RS-422 run and to how many devices
4000 ft and up to 10 devices
Calculate the image height for a 4 percent element height (round to the nearest inch or millimeter):
42 in
For good viewing, projected images should not be viewed at angles greater than _____degrees off of the projection axis
45
The aspect ratio for a 1024 x 768 computer display is
4:3
The permissible area for one cable in a conduit is limited to _____ percent of the conduit area.
53%
Calculate the image height for a 3 percent element height (round to the nearest inch or millimeter):
56 in
A 16:9 screen will be installed in a lecture hall. The screen's diagonal is 72 inches (1829 mm). What is its width?
59.5
If the measured voltage in a circuit is 40 V, and the resistance is 8 ohms, what is the current?
5A
Sound level decreases _______dB every time the source to listener distance is doubled.
6
What type of project is suitable for a Consultant led design build
6 months or less
The polar plot below shows a loudspeaker's coverage pattern at 4 kHz. What is this loudpspeaker's coverage angle?
60 degrees
Viewing tasks are broken down by what?
8 when the viewers will generally observe content. 6 when the viewers will inspect content with clues and generally observe content. 4 when the viewers will inspect content without clues.
It is an industry best practice to use no less than _____ ISO rated hardware for an audio visual installation
8.8
Calculate the image height for a 2 percent element height (round to the nearest inch or millimeter):
84 in
A dimmer rack with a constant load capability is powering twenty four incandescent lights during a stage production. The dimmer rack is running on a steady 230VAC supply and averaging approximately 98 amps draw. Suddenly the line voltage drops to 211VAC. Calculate the expected amperage draw.
90 amps
A screen's dimensions are 96 inches (2438 mm) x 96 inches (2438 mm). What width does an image on that screen need to be for a 16:9 aspect ratio image?
96 inches (2438 mm)
The Farthest Viewer Distance for BDM depends on (choose the best answer):
A and B
There is concern about the noise level in an AV rack room. What weight setting on the SPL meter should be used to demonstrate that the noise level doesn't require hearing protection at all times?
A Weighted
When applying the inverse square law to measurements of sound pressure level,
A doubling of distance correlates to a loss of 6dB.
During the Construction Phase, what is likely to happen if a product is suddenly discontinued?
A request for change (RFC) may be submitted
Your room design can accommodate a screen with a width of up to 80 inches wide. The screen height is reasonably unrestrained. Your client's video image source produces a 1920 x 1080 resolution. Which of the following screens could be a viable option in this scenario? Choose all that apply.
A screen with an image width of 80 inches and a height of 45 inches; A screen with an image width of 40 inches and a height of 22.5 inches
If a system meets the original design, fulfills the needs of the end-user, and remains in proper working order, what will be the result?
A successful project
What are considerations to consider when selecting an AV provider
ACurrent workload, Company Credentials and Employee work experience
What Viewing Category applies to a space used for medical imagery?
ADM
What viewing category applies to a space used for technical drawings?
ADM
What is :AS
Above Slab
The study of sound-wave motion and sound behavior is the science of
Acoustics.
When is the best time to train users during the System Commissioning and Training Phase of a project?
After the system is complete
What are the two main components of a projector that need to be maintained
Air Filter and Lamps
Bluetooth technology can be useful in AV systems because it ______
Allows additional connections for control of devices.
The maximum viewing distance for viewing a displayed image is based on the
Amount of detail in the image
. In a composite video signal, what determines the brightness?
Amplitude
What is an Application
An Activity or function that supports the end users need (Meeting or demo)
What is a task
An Av System or process that supports the end users application (A display for a meeting)
What is a need
An essential function that must be part of an AV system
How can labor timesheets and invoices from previous jobs be used to increase efficiency for future AVjob estimates?
Analysis of past costs for labor and shipping.
If an intended viewer needs to distinguish the finest details displayed, the designer/assessor should use the __________ Viewing Category.
Analytical Decision Making
Who would belong to the Design team?
Anyone with Consultant in their title except the moving consultant
During the design phase it is important to coordinate with who
Architect, Electrical consultant, and construction manager
Which team members best reflect the team of participants during the review step of an AV projects design phase
Architect, Owner, Construction manager and End user
During the Design Phase, it is important to coordinate with which of the following trades?
Architect, electrical consultant, construction manager
In the program report phase of a site analysis what type of documentation is needed?
Architectural and engineering drawings, industry standards, owner/end user information
At the beginning of Program Phase which categories of existing documentation should be reviewed
Architectural, Organizational and Technical
The benefits of DISCAS include (Check all that apply):
Are independently confirmed and ratified; Takes different resolutions into account; Takes different aspect ratios into account
When conducting a client needs analysis to prepare the program report or brief, how does the AV professional determine the end user's needs in a given project?
Ascertain the specific activities the client wants to accomplish
The ratio of image width to image height is defined as the
Aspect ratio
Where does the initial testing of a pre-assembled AV system typically occur in the Construction Phase?
At the warehouse, when the equipment is delivered
What viewing category applies to a space used for PowerPoint presentations?
BDM
What type of connector is this?
BNC
An 8-bit digital word is called a
BYTE
The most common type of Viewing Category is __________.
Basic Decision Making (BDM)
DISCAS addresses the following viewing categories (check all that apply):
Basic Decision Making; Analytical Decision Making
The Brightness control adjusts which level?
Black Level
The higher the color temperature of a light source, the _____ white ligh
Bluer
What viewing category applies to a space used for word processing and technical drawings?
Both ADM and BDM
With light, amplitude is perceived as
Brightness
Good customer service is crucial for
Building good customer relationships
When including GUI Layouts into the Design Documents, which of the following should also be included for optimum usability?
Button-by-Button Functionality
The Owner Plays what role in the Project Lifecycle
Buyer of the AV System
An audio signal is an _____ representation of a sound
Electrical
What should be done if a touch screen control panel is reportedly locked up, frozen, or other wise reported to be not functioning?
Check all connectors, confirm the screen is not in power saver mode.
The EIA/TIA 568 cable categories you are most likely to encounter on a modern local area network include _____.
Cat 5 and higher
To operate in full-duplex mode, Fast Ethernet requires _____.
Cat 5 twisted pair cable or better
What is CL
Center Line
What is CM
Construction manager
What should you do if the audio system is emitting a high frequency hiss, or a waterfall sound?
Check inputs on the mixer, make sure not set too low, check all input gains
What should be done when you receive a call that there is no sound in a room for an AV event?
Check microphone, batteries, and power switches to assure they are on.
During video production, removing all of one color from the main image and replacing it with a second image is called a(n) ______
Chroma key.
Prior to the development of CIDR, an organization that needed a thousand unique, globally routable IP addresses would require at least a _____ network.
Class B
Match each IPv4 private address range with its associated network class.
Class B- 172.16.0.0/12; Class A- 10.0.0.0/8; Class C- 192.168.0.0/8
When properly addressing problems with staff performance or behavior the supervisor must be sure to:
Clearly identify and document the problem behavior and instances of it.
DISCAS defines the minimum distance one can be to a display as the __________, and the maximum distance one can be from a display as __________.
Closest Viewer; Farthest Viewer
What type of loudspeaker system is typically made up of speakers strategically suspended overhead or placed in the ceiling and may use center-to-center overlap?
Cluster
An R-Y, B-Y, Y video signal is also known as a(n) ______video signal
Component
What is the main task of the third Step of the Program Phase of a Project?
Conducting program meetings
Select the true statement:
Conduits and ducts are types of raceways
During the commissioning process for an AV system installation, how will the AV technician confirm thatthe video display system is working properly?
Connect display devices to a test signal generator, calibrate at points along the path.
After hearing the vendors' Request for Proposal (RFP), how do you evaluate the vendor's proposal to determine the best value?
Consider the price, quality, approach, and ability of vendor to fulfill the contract
A complete project documentation package includes:
Contract documents Project specifications Project drawings: architectural and system
The _____ interconnects the various pieces of a control system and provides the power for them operate and the communication among them.
Control bus
The more accurate means to estimate dimensions of a commercial space during a site inspection would be to?
Count Ceiling Tiles in a drop tile instalation
The more accurate means to estimate dimensions of a commercial space during a site inspection would be to?
Count the number of ceiling tiles in a drop tile instalation
How does the AV team present the program report to obtain client approval?
Create a detailed meeting agenda and be sure to document client feedback & suggestions
How does the AV team present the program report to obtain client approval?
Create a detailed meeting agenda and be sure to document client feedback and suggestions
The flow of electrons through a conductor is called
Current
A wavelength is measured at the starting points of two consecutive
Cycles
A single video or audio output is converted into multiple outputs to be distributed to the system by using a
DA
Which of the following statements accurately describe DHCP? Select all that apply.
DHCP addresses are leased to devices for a preset amount of time.; In addition to IP addresses, a DHCP server can assign network configuration options such as time-to-live (TTL) and maximum transmission unit (MTU).; As long as a device's "obtain IP address automatically" option is activated, the device will obtain an IP address from the DHCP server upon booting with no intervention from the user.
Which projector element is covered with tiny mirrors to produce a video or data image?
DMD
What is the formula for calculating current using Ohm's Law?
I = V/R
When working with a client to design an AV solution for a new conference center, the client requests a detailed budget for the equipment and installation. What phase is the project in?
Design phase
When stripping cable it is best to use:
Designated strippers.
The Generic project process contains three roles Installer, Project manager and
Designer
What should be included in an AV proposal for a client?
Detailed description of all components, accessories, and all costs
What is the disadvantages of splitting the AV Equipment Contract and Labor contract
Determining which party is responsible for AV system problems
Which groups make up the Management Team?
Developer, Construction Manager, and Building Management Agency
Who makes up the management team in an AV project
Developer, Construction Manager, and Building Management Agency
Which of the following accurately describe the functionality of a VLAN? Check all that apply.
Devices on a VLAN can send each other Ethernet frames.; Devices on a VLAN do not receive broadcast traffic from devices outside the VLAN.
What is Dia
Diameter
What factors impact acoustic quality in a given space or venue?
Dimensions and shape of the venue/room; reflected sound and ambient nois
Which type of sound is most intelligible?
Direct sound
In a cable, the dielectric ____
Directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional resistance.
When comparing the relationship of current to voltage and resistance, current is:
Directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional resistance.
What is the ideal way to contract an AV integrator?
Directly to the Owner
What is this formula for? dB = 20 * log (D1 / D2)
Distance of SPL
After witting the program report what is the next step in the program phase
Distribute the report
How does the AV manager maintain good relationships with suppliers and vendors?
Document all transactions, resolve concerns in a professional manner.
What is E.C.
Empty Conduit
What is the most valuable source of information when defining the needs for an AV system?
End user descriptions of the tasks and applications the AV system will support
What documentation should you get from Stakeholders
Engineering Drawings, Architectural Organizational project, Design manuals, best practices.
When creating estimates for an AV project what are the primary considerations?
Equipment & material costs, labor costs, estimate markup.
When creating estimates for an AV project, what are the primary considerations?
Equipment and material costs, labor costs, estimate markup
What must be considered during rack assembly?
Ergonomics of equipment placement, signal separation, heat load, weight distribution.
Which of the following statements best describes the limitations of Ethernet traffic?
Ethernet frames can travel through a switch, but not a router.
What are the 5 parts of the Program Report
Executive Summary System Descriptions Infrastructure Considerations Audio Visual Budgets Additional Costs
An elevation view is a required drawing for ADM.
FALSE
Electricity takes the path of least resistance.
FALSE
There is a Closest Viewer calculation for ADM.
FALSE
True or false: Gigabit Ethernet is used as a network backbone, but not to connect end nodes to switches.
FALSE
True or false: crossover cables can be used in a TCP/IP network as long as all of the cables in the network are crossover cables.
FALSE
True or false: in order to be on the same VLAN, devices must be physically connected to the same switch.
FALSE
True or false: many networked audiovisual protocols cannot travel over local area networks (LANs).
FALSE
True or false: multimode fiber can be used for longer cable runs than single mode fiber.
FALSE
True or false: once a device obtains an IP address from a DHCP server, it is guaranteed to receive the same IP address from the server every time it logs onto that network.
FALSE
When conducting a site visit, if a ladder is needed what type should be used?
Fiberglass or wood.
What are some of the important project scope and size considerations in selecting an AV provider?
Financial Stability, Current Workload, and Company Credentials
The distance between the optical center of a lens and the image plane is called the
Focal length
A common technique for reducing the depth requirements of a rear projection space is
Folding the light path
Hertz is the unit of measure for
Frequency.
_____ topology provides the best possible redundancy, but is so expensive that it's rarely used.
Fully meshed
AV professionals determine the end user's needs by examining three things: the required applications, the tasks, and the:
Functions to support the applications
What type of diagram is this?
Gant Chart
One way to efficiently manage a construction schedule is to use a ____.
Gantt chart
What s the goal of an effective program meeting?
Gather and exchange the information necessary to determine which functions are required to support the end users' applications
During which step in the System Commissioning and Training Phase is the final checklist for the complete installation generated?
Generate the Punch List
n a video system, using a single electronic reference for timing of all the connected equipment is called ________
Genlock
In a fixed resolution display, the greater the resolution capability the
Greater the number of pixels.
Which of the following images shows a correct T568A pinout?
Green stripe, green, organe stripe, blue, blue stripe, orange, brown stripe, brown
Direct coupled sound systems are best for program audio because of their _________.
Higher fidelity
Technical support funding can include money for training and ___.
Hiring additional staff
The relationship among voltage, current, and resistance is defined by the formula_____.
I = V/R
What pieces of information make up a socket? Check all that apply.
IP address; Protocol identifier; Port
The farthest viewer concept addresses which three factors?
Image height, viewer task, and distance
Direct coupled loudspeakers are usually listed by size, frequency response, power handling capacity, and ______.
Impedance
Direct coupled loudspeakers are usually listed by size, frequency response, power handling capacity, and ___
Impedence
As the bandwidth of a display system increases, the potential resolution of the images is
Increased.
A room is going to be used to inform new hires about organizational procedures. What is the Application
Informing new hires
_____ is not a necessary specification for a microphone.
Input impedance
What are the primary functions of Step Four of the System Commissioning and Training Phase of a project?
Inspecting, Testing and Aligning
In a cable, the dielectric
Insulates and separates two conductors.
The purpose of developing an AV system design package is to communicate the
Intent of the design to the installers
A successful project is an AV system that meets the original design___, fulfills the needs of the___, and remains in proper working order.
Intention, user
The amount of light passed through the lens to the imager on a video camera is controlled by the
Iris.
Screen gain is:
Is the ability of a screen to redirect projected light to the audience to make it appear brighter.
Which of the following is defined as highly efficient?
LED Lamp
What type of interview questions will help a client become interested in a new or unfamiliar technology?
Leading Questions
How do you maintain a proper focus on customer needs and service?
Listen to customer concerns and try to accommodate immediately if it is feasible.
What type of project is a typical Consultant-Led Design-Bid-Build contract structure good for?
Long term projects with extended project cycles
When dealing with firewalls, it is the responsibility of the AV designer to do all of the following except _____________.
Manage the network traffic
Which type of front screen has a smooth non-gloss surface similar to a white sheet, provides good color rendition, and evenly disperses light?
Matte
The process of adding video and/or audio signals to an existing signal on a predetermined carrier frequency is called
Modulation
subcontractor?
More layers of responsibility and communication
XLR connectors are
Most commonly used with three conductors plus an outer shell that
The needs analysis determines:
Nature of the System Infrastructure System Budget
What are the 4 parts of the needs analysis pyramid
Needs Applications Tasks Features and Functions
A client requires a new boardroom. The sales person and engineer are sent to the premises to measure the facility and talk to the client. At this stage they should be performing a _
Needs Analysis
A client requires a new boardroom. The sales person and engineer are sent to the premises to measure the facility and talk to the client. At this stage they should be performing a ____
Needs Analysis
Where can you usually find appropriate stripping dimensions for a cable?
On the connector packaging
One Hertz is equivalent to
One cycle per second
The End-User, Facility Manager and Building Committee comprise which team within the Project Team
Owner
The End-User, Facility Manager and Building Committee comprise which team within the Project Team?
Owner
What are the four teams that comprise the overall Project Team?
Owner, Design, Installation, and Management
What are the 4 teams that comprise the AV Project Team
Owner, Designer, Installer and Facility Management
The broadcast video standard used in North America and parts of South America and Asia is
PAL
What is the fundamental unit of measure on a fixed resolution display
PIXEL
The process of creating an AV solution begins with
Performing a needs analysis
When sound waves are 180 degrees out of phase what happens?
Phase cancellation
What is one of the major considerations in creating an AV solution for an important historical site?
Preservation of the site
Which of the following is a polar plot diagram?
Polar plot picture
What is this formula for? dB = 10 * log (P1 / Pr)
Power
When conducting a complete project bid process, what milestone follows the issuing of the RFP?
Pre-Bid Meeting
Which of the following best describes an electret, when used in a microphone?
Prepolarized material
In marketing, what is your AV Company's "value proposition"?
Product or service offering which makes your company better or different from others.
On a new construction project, there is a need to verify that power has been installed in the correct place. Who should be contacted to verify this information?
Project Manager
What group represents the generic roles that are important to the Project process?
Project Manager, Designers, and Installers
Which group represent the generic roles that are important to the Project process?
Project Managers, Designers and Installers
Which two parameters play a key role during the initial assessment of an AV project?
Project schedule, Project Size
During shop testing, ___ is/are checked and ___ is/are tested.
Proper functioning of equipment, software
When training a new user how to operate the solution that has been provided, which of the following is a best practice?
Provide complete user documentation prior to training
When working with a new technician, what is the best way to maintain quality control?
Provide training, enforce standards, and conduct observations
Sightlines for audience viewing in a given presentation space can be improved by:
Providing a sloped, or stepped, seating arrangement
Which connector has a solid center pin with an outside sleeve and creates a pressure-fit type connection with its mate?
RCA
Modulating a composite video signal for transportation is commonly referred to as
RF transmission.
Which of the following documents would an AV company submit in the event that a modification in the building design impacted the AV system installation requirements?
RFC
What type of document typically includes Project Size Requirements, Corporate Profile, Team Personnel, and Warranty Response Time?
RFQ
When terminating an Ethernet cable, what connector type is normally used?
RJ45
All sounds start with physical motion, such as vibrating string. This causes adjacent air molecules to push together, or _______
Rarefy.
Decibels are always expressed as a(n) ______ of two quantities.
Ratio
A camera was installed about 180' (55m) from its 1.5A 12v power supply, the power supply is dead, and needs replacing. Assuming that the camera can operate normally within +/- 10% of the power supply voltage, if 18 gauge wire was run initially and an almost 3v drop is present, what is the correct action?
Re-locate the power supply near the camera
The changing of direction of a light or sound ray is called
Refraction
The changing of direction of a light or sound ray is called _______
Refraction.
After presenting a proposal, what is the correct plan of action for following up with the client?
Regularly, until a decision is made
Sound that bounces off of many surfaces before reaching the listener is called ______ sound
Reverberant
A laptop input on a lectern is not working. The interface is connected to a 5 BNC wall plate. The interface is receiving signal and the projector is on the correct input. What is the next step in troubleshooting theissue?
Reverse the H and V sync cables.
A dB may be used to express or describe
SPL
What project characteristics must be considered in order to determine which method is best suited for a particular project?
Schedule, Size, Type, Complexity, and Procurement Requirements
Which project characteristics must be considered in order to determine which method is best suited for a particular project?
Schedule, Size, Type, Complexity, and Procurement Requirements
Under what circumstances would you likely use an A305-1986 form?
Scoring responses to an RFQ
What is the formula for throw distance?
Screen Width X Throw Ratio = Distance
It is important to consider Polar Patterns when____
Selecting Microphones for use at live events
Which type of warranty typically involves additional costs and adjustments to meet the owner's needs?
Service agreement
Which layer of the OSI model initiates and ends communications between devices?
Session
How should you establish a marketing budget for your AV Company
Set the marketing and advertising budget as a percentage of projected sales.
__________ is how likely the wall and the mounting are to be cut in two.
Shear
What is a section cut flag arrow
Shows the direction of the section drawing
During the Construction Phase of a project, which step always follows AV System Testing?
Site Installation
Proper functioning of equipment, software
Site Installation
The correct time to discuss visible finishes for wall plates, surface mount speakers, and wall mounted screen casings is during the:
Site Survey
When training users during the System Commissioning and Training Phase, ___ groups allow for more hands-on time with the system.
Smaller (up to six)
During the Design Phase, what are three major coordination efforts that need to be addressed between the AV designer and the base building design team?
Space Planning, Data/Telecom, and Administrative Coordination
This type of audio system reinforces or amplifies a presenter's voice so that they'll be heard over a larger audience.
Speech Reinforcement System
Light passing through the edges of a lens at different focal lengths results in a blurred image. This is called__
Spherical aberration
When establishing initial contact with a client, try to develop a relationship early on with the
Stake Holders
In presenting a proposal for AV, what is necessary for a contract?
Statement of specific work proposed, costs and payment schedule, delivery schedule
At the end of an event how does one quickly and safely strike the event?
Strike equipment by category and divide into teams.
Match each component of an IP address with its definition.
Subnet Mask- A separate number; Host bits- The last; Network identifier bits- The first
What components are required in order for an IPv4 address to be valid? Check all that apply.
Subnet mask; Network address; Broadcast address
DISCAS calculations must use consistent units.
TRUE
There is a Closest Viewer for BDM.
TRUE
True or false: 40/100 Gigabit Ethernet cannot be run over twisted pair Cat cable.
TRUE
True or false: devices on different networks can use the exact same private IP address.
TRUE
True or false: due to the high frequencies and data bandwidths they are used to transport, Cat 6 cables should be shielded.
TRUE
True or false: if you have several devices connected to a hub, only one of them can send data at a time.
TRUE
What are the 5 parts to determining the End Users Needs
Talk to Stakeholders Review Existing Documentation Evaluate the Site Environment Conduct Program meetings Write the program report
What is an important aspect of funding that has a direct impact on the project process and design/installation?
Technical Support Funding
To maximize the quality of projected images in a presentation you should ensure
That ambient light is controlled in the presentation area
When developing an AV solution for a client, whose input is MOST crucial for determining system requirements?
The End User
Which phase comes first in a project?
The Program Phase
The study of sound-wave motion and sound behavior is the science of
The Study of Acoustics
Select all of the true statements about this image: (2kHz cardiod polar plot)
The above shows a polar plot of a cardioid microphone; The response of this microphone at 2kHz is best on axis at 0 degrees.
Any sound reinforcement system consists of two equal parts: the electronic system used to manipulate the audio signal and
The acoustical environment
To maximize the quality of projected images in a presentation you should ensure:
The ambient light is controlled in the presentation area
In the system commissioning process why is facility inspection important?
The condition of the site and completed AV work can be inspected
Verification and Optimization are two concepts that are applied during System Commissioning to ensure that:
The design intent has been met
Verification and optimization are two concepts that are applied during System Commissioning to ensure that:
The design intent has been met
When developing an AV solution for a client, whose input is MOST crucial for determining system requirements?
The end users
The Needs Analysis determines:
The nature of the system; The infrastructure; The system budget
In the program phase, what must be determined to assure that a functional AV system scope will be created?
The specific functions, tasks, and applications of the presenter.
Which of the following are some of the disadvantages of Wi-Fi networks? Check all that apply.
They are less secure than wired networks.; They are susceptible to radio interference.
What are project specifications
They are specifications for the project itself. Such as find details of the system.
Which of the following are some of the advantages of Wi-Fi networks? Check all that apply.
They typically require less infrastructure than wired networks.; They can increase productivity by encouraging mobility.
What type of project is suitable for an integrator Led Design build
Three months or less
Which device corrects for jitter in an analog video signal?
Time base Corrector
What is the main objective of evaluating the cost of completing an AV project?
To determine if the AV company made money on the project
How does the AV team use information about any identified constraints to the AV design and installation tasks?
To develop a work-around plan when these constraints will affect the design or installation tasks
For what purpose would the AV technician designate a loopback internet protocol address in the 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254 range in a network configuration?
To test the local device to see if TCP/IP is working on your system
Which display technology uses light passing through a medium to create an image?
Transmissive
A cable with one conductor and a shield is
Unbalanced.
How can you address ambient noise issues in a room?
Use acoustically absorptive materials in the room.
During a site survey, the room appears to have a lot of reverberation present. What treatment could be recommended to improve the sound in the room?
Use more softer, diffuse surfaces
How is a contract awarded to a vendor after the vendor is determined to be the best value for a project?
Use the RFP and vendor proposal, negotiate items needing clarification with contract clauses
Control System
a subsystem that enables simplified operation of other complex systems such as an av or lighting system. Includes user interface, processor or computer, control equipment.
Specialized devices that display the color hue information in the video signal are called
Vectorscopes
What is VIF
Verified in field
What is this formula for? dB = 20 * log (V1 / Vr)
Voltage
As a courtesy before leaving the final needs analysis meeting, the customer should be advised about:
When to expect the proposal
Which of the following incorporates color difference signals?
Y, R-Y, B-Y
The IEEE 802.3 standard defines _____. Check all that apply.
a collision avoidance mechanism for half-duplex networks; Physical Layer requirements for Ethernet traffic; the data format for Ethernet frames
What is a work breakdown structure?
a deliverable-oriented grouping of project elements which will ultimately organize and define the total scope of the project.
The purpose of a written program report is to communicate
a functional system description
An element is __________. (Choose the best answer)
a group of pixels conveying an item of information
What is a decibel?
a logarithmic scale used to describe ratios with a large range of values
A device with an APIPA address can communicate with ____.
any APIPA-enabled devices on the same subnet
In the IP address 192.168.1.0/20, the "/20" indicates that the _____.
address has 20 network identifier bits
The main purpose of 40/100 Gigabit Ethernet is to _____.
aggregate slower connections
The primary goal of the farthest viewer formula is to ensure that _____.
all viewers can interpret what is on the screen
A server is _____.
any device or software program that provides services on the network
Reserve DHCP allows you to _____.
assign static IP addresses to devices using a DHCP server
A loopback address sends data ____.
back to the node that sent it
When checking signal flow, the first thing you need to confirm is that the signal is _____.
being generated by the source components
When checking signal flow, the FIRST thing you need to confirm is that the signal is:
being generated by the source components.
Modern RF wireless microphones allow the user to _____ frequencies to avoid interference.
change
In a dynamic microphone, there is a(n) _____ attached to a diaphragm and placed in a permanent magnetic field.
coil of wire
In a ____ WAN topology, all LAN sites connect to an ISP backbone.
common carrier
Network address translation (NAT) allows devices with private IP addresses to _____.
communicate with devices on other networks
Which of the following functions are performed by a gateway? Choose all that apply.
connects a private network to outside networks; translates data from one network layer protocol to another
A polar plot shows a loudspeaker's ____.
coverage angle
The ____ in an electrical circuit is proportional to the applied ____.
current; voltage
A private organization might wish to subnet its own network in order to _____. Check all that apply.
decrease the amount of broadcast traffic devices receive; improve network security
A firewall policy in which all network traffic is forbidden unless it is specifically allowed is known as _____.
default deny
What type of connection is pictured below? (wire under screw)
direct connection
A sound wave must be transduced into _____ before it can be transmitted through the audio signal path
electrical energy
Which of the following functions are performed by an unmanaged switch? Choose all that apply.
forwards Ethernet traffic based on its MAC address; provides a physical connection between multiple devices
The purpose of electrical grounding is to _____.
ensure safety
When data is addressed to a broadcast address, it is sent to _____.
every device with the same network bits
what is benchmarking?
examining methods, techniques, and principles from peer organizations and facilities, which can be used as a basis for designing a new or renovated facility.
Twisted pair cables offer protection from electromagnetic interference by _____.
exposing each wire to the same outside interference, allowing it to be canceled at the input circuit
In the IPv6 address below, click on the hexadecimal word(s) responsible for identifying the address's subnet.
fec8:ba98:7654:0080:fdec:ba98:7654:3201
Which of the following functions are performed by a router? Choose all that apply.
forwards data between devices that are not physically connected; examines a packet's IP address to determine its next destination
120V three-phase power distribution system uses __ wires.
four
If you subnet an IPv4 network by extending the subnet mask by two bits, you end up with _____.
four subnets, each about ¼ the size of the original network.
What type of chart is displayed below? (activity/year/budget/actual)
gantt chart
In the interest of ________, avoid letting the stripped cable braid fall into carpeting.
good customer service
In the OSI model, the _____ define(s) the protocols and software that implement network services.
host layers
When a frame arrives at a _____, the device broadcasts the frame out all ports, including the one on which it arrived.
hub
What type of WAN topology is pictured below? Headquarters in middle and buildings indivudaly connected
hub and spoke
"Weighting" a sound pressure level measurement accounts for differences in the way _____.
humans perceive different frequencies at a given listening level
Bits equal to 1 in a subnet mask indicate that the corresponding bits in an IP address _____.
identify the network
Fiber optic cable offers longer cable runs than copper because it is _____.
immune to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference
What are contract documents
include bid information, contractor qualification requirements, payment schedules, and points of contact.
As impedance increases and current remains constant, voltage _____.
increases
What is a Detail Drawing
indicate small items that need magnified views in order to show how they must be installed.
What are section cut flags
indicate which section drawing depicts a section of a master drawing in more detail, as shown in the picture.
What is an Elevation drawing
is a drawing that looks at the environment from a front, side, or back view
A _____ uses unique, hard-coded physical addresses, known as Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, to send data between nodes.
local area network (LAN)
A wide area network (WAN) uses _____ to send information between nodes.
logical addresses, such as IP addresses
Subnetting is the process of _____.
logically dividing a network into several smaller networks
In the OSI model, the _____ define(s) hardware oriented functions like routing, switching and cable specifications.
media layers
In a _____ WAN topology, each LAN site connects to every other LAN site.
meshed
A -58 dBu would be a typical signal level for a(n) _____.
microphone
Closest viewer rule
no closer than 1X the screen's width
Which of the following images shows a correct T568B pinout?
orange stripe, orange, green stripe, blue, blue stripe, green, brown strip, brown
In a BDM environment, viewers are more concerned with __________.
overall content than detail
Operation of a condenser microphone requires ____ power.
phantom
What are eleveation flags
plan drawings to indicate related elevation drawings.
A network administrator can allow unrequested incoming traffic, such as remote Telnet commands from a particular device, using _____.
port forwarding
What is a program meeting?
program meeting gathers and exchanges the information necessary to determine which functions are required to support the end users' applications.
What is the program report?
program report is a document that describes the client's specific needs, system purpose and functionality, and the designer's best estimate of probable cost, in a non-technical format for review and approval by the owner.
Sightlines for audience viewing in a given presentation space can be improved by:
providing a sloped, or stepped, seating arrangement
What is a reference flag?
reference flag symbol on a drawing tells us to reference another drawing,
The relationship between current and ____ is inversely proportional.
resistance
An increase in voltage means an increase in _____.
resistance, if the current remains the same
When using a coaxial stripping tool to cleanly strip coax cable, __________ so the blades can cut through the jacket, shield and dielectric at the proper points.
rotate the stripper around the cable several times
Ergonomics
scientific study of the way people interact with a system.
Estimating throw distance requires two values: ____ and ____.
screen width; throw ratio
What are match lines
show how each sub-drawing matches to another page of the drawing.
What is a section drawing
shows the space as if it was cut apart
In a _____ topology, every node on the network can access every other node through a central device.
star
Which of the following are potential examples of network nodes? Choose all that apply.
tablet computer; printer
In mounting, _________ refers to the hardware's elasticity.
tensile strength
A device on a DHCP-enable network might receive an APIPA address if _____. Check all that apply.
the DHCP server has mechanically failed; the DHCP server's pool of addresses is exhausted
Purpose of an AV system
the communication task it helps accomplish
The term "% element height" refers to __________.
the height of the element being viewed expressed in relation to the overall image height
What is a Function
the specific parts of a task ( type ofdisplay, seating layout)
0 dB SPL describes:
the threshold of human hearing
A dedicated computer configured to perform only one service is known as a _____.
thin server
In the field, you are most likely to see 10 Mbps Ethernet used _____.
to connect end nodes to switches or hubs
What is the goal of Benchmarking
to identify the AV features and functions desired by the client.
Crossover cables are used to connect_____.
two devices without the use of an electronic crossover device such as a switch or router
What is a column line
used to indicate the locations of columns, load-bearing walls, and other structural elements within the building layout,
What is a logic network diagram?
used when negotiating with your client regarding what other tasks need to be done before you can begin your tasks
Network access control (NAC) may grant users rights to access system resources based on _____. Check all that apply
username and password; the type of connection being used to access the network; the state of anti-virus software on the endpoint
An organization needs its own DNS server if it _____.
uses DNS internally to manage the names and addresses of devices on the private network
The simultaneous use of multiple wireless microphone systems requires ____.
using lavalier microphones
The task level variable refers to_____.
what the observer is trying to see and understand
What type of connector is shown?
xlr