Cultural Competency in Health Promotion 2
secondary conditions (chapter 10)
-bowel/bladder problems -fatigue -injury -mental health & depression -overweight & obesity -pain -pressure sores/ulcers
community health (chapter 8)
-health status of a defined group of people & the actions & conditions to promote, protect & preserve their health communication &.. -the ability to influence the public agenda, advocate for policies & programs, promote positive changes, improve health care delivery, & create supportive partnerships
basic (chapter 9)
-reading & understanding information in short commonplace prose texts (210-264) -reading & understanding info in simple documents (205-249) -locating easily identifiable quantitative info & using it to solve simple, 1 step problems when the math operation is specified or easily inferred (235-289)
intermediate (chapter 9)
-reading & understanding moderately dense, less commonplace prose texts as well as summarizing, making simple inferences, determining cause & effect, & recognizing the author's purpose (265-339) -locating info in dense, complex documents & making simple inferences about the info (250-334) -locating less familiar quantitative info & using it to solve problems when the math operation is not specified/easily inferred (290-349)
proficient (chapter 9)
-reading lengthy, complex, abstract prose texts as well as synthesizing info & making complex inferences (340-500) -integrating, synthesizing, & analyzing multiple pieces of information located in complex documents (335-500) -locating more abstract quantitative info & using it to solve multiple step problems when the math operations are not easily inferred & the problems are more complex
law (week 13 Lecture 12)
-rules that are subject to the enforcement of power of a gov entity -structures, norms, & rules that a society uses to resolve disputes between members of the society -the enterprise of subjecting human conduct to the governance of rules
Developing and Pretesting (chapter 8)
... Concepts, Messages, and Materials stage 2 of communication model ask someone in target population to pretest some of the material to determine appropriateness & relevance target pop are also the ones to help you develop the material
concept analysis (chapter 10)
... of 'health promotion for people w/ ID' represents a starting point that provides useful insights & a better understanding of how this concept is currently being used in the literature
translation services (chapter 8)
1.) legally binding docu. & signage 2.)health edu materials 3.) public awareness materials & campaigns 4.)ethnic media in lang other than English
Health Communication Program Cycle (chapter 8)
1.) planning & strategy development 2.)developing & pretesting concepts, messages, & materials 3.)implementing the program 4.) assessing effectiveness & making refinements
National Prevention Strategy (chapter 9)
2011 increasing life expectancy &; -building healthy & safe environments (accessible, built environment, neighborhood) -expanding quality preventive services (affordable care act) -empowering people to make choices (given accurate & understandable info) -eliminating health disparities, using prevention strategies, that use appropriate health literacy levels
Older Americans Act (of 1965) (chapter 10)
A U.S. law that guarantees certain benefits to elderly citizens, including healthcare, retirement income, and protection against abuse.
ethnogerontology (chapter 10)
Anthropology of aging - cross cultural and comparative - focus on successful aging
Making Refinements (chapter 8)
Assessing Effectiveness and ... stage 4 of the communication model *important* want to have concrete evidence did it actually meet the goals & objectives set in the beginning, need to be able to evaluate to determine the effectiveness if you do a pre/post-test & you don't see a difference, means you need to go back to stage 1 & make revisions to program to increase effectiveness
Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (chapter 8)
CLAS
c (chapter 8)
Health educators should place emphasis on what national standard on culturally and linguistically appropriate services? a.) principal standard b.) governance, leadership, & workforce c.) communication & language assistance d.) engagement, continuous improvement, & accountability
false (chapter 8)
Health risk communication is a one-way process from health educator to intended audience. true/false
a (chapter 8)
In regard to personal space in the US, most people feel comfortable with a _____________________ radius of public space a.) 3 foot b.) 5 foot c.) 1 foot
c (chapter 8)
In the communication model, what may be a barrier to effective communication a.) the sender not using a clear voice b.) not paying attention to nonverbal behavior c.) all listed answers are correct d.) the message is to lengthy
true (chapter 8)
Marketing techniques and strategies must frequently be revised when marketing to multiple cultures. true/false
National adult literacy survey (of 1993) (chapter 9)
NALS seminal national initiative designed to measure Americans' literacy at 3 levels---> prose literacy, document literacy, quanitiative literacy
c (chapter 8)
What is NOT a factor when communicating across cultures about health and disease? a.) degree of health literacy b.) level of knowledge about health & disease c.) place of employment d.) attitudes towards health
b (chapter 8)
What is a common way to interpret and express the spoken word in many cultural rituals? a.) poetry b.) songs & dances c.) posters d.) paintings
a (chapter 8)
What would be an example of a health educator serving a client at the macro-level? a.) working w/ the American Diabetes Association b.) working w/ client & spouse c.) working w/ client & family members d.) working w/ client alone
intellectual disability (ID) (chapter 10)
a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning & adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social & practical skills
prose literacy (chapter 9)
a person can look at a short piece of text to get a small piece of uncomplicated information
coming out (chapter 11)
a process, acknowledge that they are not exclusively heterosexual may involve 2 phases; coming out to self then to others may occur over short intense period/gradually over time, influenced by their comfort level both internal & external influences
The Last Drag (chapter 11)
a study that was 6wks, 7 session group education & support intervention tailored to LGBT smokers 60% of participants were smoke free at the end of the study 40% remained smoke free 6 mos. later
literacy (chapter 9)
ability to comprehend written & oral messages & includes ability to apply received information to mundane activities
document literacy (chapter 9)
ability to search, comprehend, and use info from noncontinuous text like a bus schedule
educator mechanisms (chapter 10)
academic staff training, champions, institutional support managerial commitment & learning outcomes
LGBT (chapter 11)
acronym for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender
below basic (chapter 9)
adults at this level range from being nonliterate in English to having these abilities; -locating easily identifiable information in short, commonplace prose texts (0-209) -locating easily identifiable information & following written instructions in simple documents (0-204) -locating numbers & using them to perform simple quantitative operations when the mathematical information is very concrete & familiar (0-234)
ally (chapter 11)
advocates for & supports members of a community who are different from their own, confronts homophobia, heterosexism, transphobia, & heterosexual privilege
health promotion (chapter 10)
any planned combo of educational, political, environmental, regulatory/organizational mechanisms that support the actions & conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, communities
ID (intellectual disability) (chapter 10)
attributes characterizing health promotion -supporting a healthy lifestyle --->do thru motivation & support -providing health education --->use role play & skill building activities -involving supporters --->volunteers, community members -being person-centered --->carefully assess needs
ageism (chapter 10)
based on neg assumptions about the expected biological slowdowns that occur w/ advancing age neg stereotypes & discrimination based on age
heterosexism (chapter 11)
belief that heterosexuality is the only 'natural' sexuality & is inherently healthier than/superior to other types of sexuality
intersex (chapter 11)
born w/ some combo of both male & female genitalia
geriatrics (chapter 10)
branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems
culture (chapter 9)
bridging health literacy & ____________________ -differentiate among cultural, race, & ethnicity -avoid stereotypes -be cognizant of lang preference -understand what translation & interpretation are -incorporate CLAS standards -avoid jargon -ascertain acculturation levels -use narratives
environmental mechanisms (chapter 10)
built environment, facilities, space design (WHO)
celestial (chapter 8)
caused by God or a higher being
demonic (chapter 8)
caused by a demon
phytogenic (chapter 8)
caused by a plant
miasmic (chapter 8)
caused by an organism
sexual identity (chapter 11)
chosen mode of self presentation based on social identity, sexual behavior/both person may choose to publicly identify w/ a term that does not strictly conform to their sexual behavior
cultural knowledge (chapter 8)
comes through dialogue intersubjective ask patient about what are some important things to know about them that should be considered
language barrier (chapter 8)
communication &... -effective communication (listening & speaking skills) & ensuring patient confidentiality
personal health (chapter 8)
communication &... -health risk communication
marketing techniques (chapter 8)
communication &... -identify target audience & pilot test materials ex. billboards, direct mail, email, etc. -->does it make you want to take action?
working culture mechanisms (chapter 10)
communications strategies, conflict resolution policies, shared decision, making progresses
heart (chapter 9)
comprehend (might not accept though) the differences & similarities between & among people
ethnogeriatrics (chapter 10)
cross-cultural geriatric care that recognizes cultural differences in response to health and disease --> intersection of the studies of aging, ethnicity, & health
health literacy (chapter 9)
degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, & understand basic health info & services needed to make appropriate health decisions
health literacy (demographic characteristics) (chapter 9)
demographic characteristics -women had higher than men -white & asian/pacific islanders have higher than other minorities -hispanics have lowest of all minorities -avg increases w/ each level of educational attainment -adults living below poverty level have lower avg
healthy aging (chapter 10)
development & maintenance of optimal physical, mental, & social well being & overall functional health among older adults
health promotion model (chapter 10)
disease prevention & delaying disability help reach optimal health level most holistic health care model --> meaning you can provide someone better
66% (2/3) (chapter 9)
diseases that cause what percentage + of all deaths a year -heart disease -cancer -stroke -chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -diabetes
performers (chapter 11)
dress & act like opposite sex for entertainment ex. drag is fun/play, where for others it might be part of their identity, some identify as transgender but most do not
gender dysphoria (chapter 11)
emotional distress that can result from a marked incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender & assigned gender
legislation (week 13 Lecture 12)
enacts laws congress
executive (week 13 Lecture 12)
enforces laws president, agencies
homophobia (chapter 11)
fear/hatred of lesbian, gay, transgender person
transphobia (chapter 11)
fear/hatred of transgender/transsexual individuals
concept analysis (chapter 10)
findings 1.) health promotion activities--> both in research & practice (have to be better adapted to the target individual) 2.) research focus needs to be expanded to other health aspects such as avoiding stress/learning about stress relief techniques 3.) include the perspectives of people w/ ID in health promotion research ---> how do they comprehend life & health? --->what is their perception of a high quality of life?
social model (chapter 10)
focuses on an individual's ability to function w/ the support of family & community absence of disease
institutional support mechanisms (chapter 10)
governmental process, structural protocols, common operating resources, personnel policies, & supportive management practice
bisexual (chapter 11)
has sexual & emotional orientation towards people of both sexes
d (chapter 10)
higher percentage of older populations in these states besides 1, which is wrong? a.) California b.) Florida c.) New York d.) Arizona e.) Texas f.) Ohio g.) Illinois
cultural identity (chapter 8)
identity of a group/culture/of an individual as far as one is influenced by one's belonging to a group/culture
hands (chapter 9)
implement skills & knowledge to work effectively w/ those who are different 1 of 3 components of cultural competence
sexual orientation (chapter 11)
includes behavior (activity), attraction (desire), & identity (personal & social)
communication model (chapter 8)
includes; 1.) the message 2.) communication 3.) sender (teller/speaker) of the message 4.) receiver (listener/audience) of the message
below basic (chapter 9)
indicates no more than the most simple & concrete skills
intermediate (chapter 9)
indicates skills necessary to perform moderate challenging literacy activities
proficient (chapter 9)
indicates skills necessary to perform more complex & challenging literacy activities
basic (chapter 9)
indicates skills necessary to perform simple & everyday literacy activities
transsexual (chapter 11)
individual whose gender identity is that of the biologically opposite sex, may/may not have had sex reassignment surgery, may experience gender dysphoria
policy (week 13 Lecture 12)
influence of this includes; vaccinations (required for school entry of kids) motor vehicle safety workplace safety environmental safety safer & healthier foods
interprofessional collaboration (chapter 10)
innovative strategy where 2/more professionals learn about, from, & w/ each other to enable effective collaboration & improve health outcomes as well as better response to the health needs of those they service as practitioners
judicial (week 13 Lecture 12)
interprets laws in resolving disputes court system
older adults (chapter 10)
issues this population face -loss of independence -loss of economic/social position -changes in marital status -changes involving loss of fam members & friends -challenges to healthy aging; --> higher prevalence of chronic diseases --> limited transportation --> limited house options --> personal care
policy (week 13 Lecture 12)
law, regulation, procedure, administrative action, incentive or voluntary practice of governments & other institutions
curricular mechanisms (chapter 10)
logistics & scheduling, programming content, compulsory attendance, shared objectives, adult learning principles, & contextual learning assessment
b (chapter 9)
low health literacy associated with what? which is true? a.) less hospitalizations b.) greater use of emergency care c.) higher receipt mammography screening d.) getting influenza vaccine
gender benders (androgynous) (chapter 11)
many consider categories to be constraining & may exhibit both male & female characteristics masculine 'butch' lesbians & efferminate 'queens' men & many gender expressions in between
nonverbal communication (chapter 8)
may be more trusted than words ex. body language conveys message more so than through words
transgender umbrella (chapter 11)
on left side has; transsexual & cross dresser on right side has; performers & intersex on bottom has; gender benders/androgynous
queer (chapter 11)
once derogatory term used for gays & lesbians now being used w/ a sense of pride by LGBT members especially among younger members
homosexual (chapter 11)
outdated term used mainly for diagnostic purposes, meaning same sexual
90% (chapter 9)
percent of Americans lack the literacy to truly understand strategies below basic- 14% basic- 22% intermediate- 53% proficient- 12%
transgender (chapter 11)
person whose gender identity is not congruent w/ their biological sex term sometimes used as an umbrella term encompassing transsexuals & cross dressers
History (chapter 8)
perspectives on communication across cultures -misunderstanding & mistrust has led to conflicts -when nation goes to war, majority of ppl able the ppl of the other nations w/ single label -persons within cultures need to be viewed both as wholes & made up of their own diverse parts
communication strategy (chapter 8)
plans/methods for communicating info related to a specific issue, event, situation, or audience
ID (intellectual disability) (chapter 10)
primary health conditions; -epilepsy & mobility & sensory difficulties secondary health conditions; -obesity -bone fractures -poor oral health -constipation & gastroesophageal reflux -poorer health outcomes related to health disparities
intercultural communication (chapter 8)
process of communication between/among ppl of difference cultures proficiency--> empowers individual/group in the decision making processes of bother person & community health
Administration on Aging (chapter 10)
published a toolkit that addresses 4 areas; -assessments -identifying community resources -tailoring services -program evaluation
health literacy (chapter 10)
recommended strategies when it comes to older adults improving this -create a shame free atmosphere -create an environment conducive to learning & good communication -make spoken info concrete & concise -incorporate social activities into health education & promotion programs -using a geragogy model of teaching
paralanguage (chapter 8)
refers to language without words ex. looks, rate, inflections, body language, facial expressions
proxemics (chapter 8)
refers to the perception & use of personal & interpersonal space ex. close talkers, being too close & invading one's space
centerarians (chapter 10)
represent a new age of cohort of older adults experiencing increase life expectancy
Plain Writing Act (of 2010) (chapter 9)
requires all levels of the federal gov to develop written materials in easy to understand language
cultural competence (chapter 9)
requires individuals & organizations have a clearly, defined, congruent set of values, principles & demonstrate behaviors, attitudes, policies, structures & practices that enable them to work effectively cross-culturally
a (chapter 11)
smoking prevalence is higher in the LBGT community especially among.... a.) bisexuals b.) gays c.) lesbians d.) transgenders
gender identity (chapter 11)
social construct person's sense of self as being male/female may not match biological sex
questioning (chapter 11)
someone who isn't sure of their gender identity/sexual orientation/both
Planning and Strategy Development (chapter 8)
stage 1 of communication model conducts needs assessment, be appropriate & actually address needs of population
Implementing the Program (chapter 8)
stage 3 of the communication model always remember diversity
CLAS (chapter 8)
standards include; -lang assistance services needed to be provided -person must be informed that these services are available -those providing lang assistance must be competent -health related material must be in the groups' preferred lang
10th Amendment (week 13 Lecture 12)
states have the power to accept or modify federal laws most public health activities are carried out at the state & local levels
effective communication (chapter 8)
strategies to incorporate Cultural & Linguistic Competence in Health Education has to be intentional, targeted--> pop able to understand message --> take message & be able to act on message --> make decisions on their health knowledge attitude beliefs values traditions need an understanding of; population, their communication, preferences, how to frame message=how might they react
crossdressers (chapter 11)
take on mannerisms of the opposite gender but are often heterosexual tend to be heterosexual men
quantitative literacy (chapter 9)
the ability to understand numbers in context
cultural competence (chapter 9)
this and health literacy -health literacy must be understood in the context of race, culture, & language -cultural background encompasses communication patterns, behavior, language preference, customs & beliefs, & self care -numerous health literacy tools are available to determine patient health literacy levels -Plain Writing Act of 2010
c (chapter 11)
this subgroup tends to be overweight because they might relate differently to, not accept, not internalize mainstream notions of ideal beauty & thinness a.) bisexuals b.) gays c.) lesbians d.) transgenders
b (chapter 11)
this subgroup tends to have eating disorders and occur later in life (21 yrs old vs 17 yrs old) a.) bisexuals b.) gays c.) lesbians d.) transgenders & can lead to kidney damage, heart disorders, dental damage
true (chapter 10)
true/false adults age 65+ are expected to reach 74.4 million by 2040 & 92 million by 2060
false (they are becoming more diverse) (chapter 10)
true/false older Americans are becoming less racially & ethnically diverse
true (week 13 Lecture 12)
true/false persons charged w/ creating the policy & executing practice may not necessarily understand the experiences & beliefs of marginalized populations
false (they do need to be evaluated to make sure it protects ALL) (week 13 Lecture 12)
true/false policies don't need to be evaluated because they were created with the intention of creating the most benefits for the majority of people
true (week 13 Lecture 12)
true/false public health is intimately related to social justice some policies unintentionally further disadvantage pre-exisiting marginalized populations
primary (chapter 9)
type of prevention that is a key domain for health educators
head (chapter 9)
understand people think, believe, behave, perceive & understand 1 of 3 components of cultural competence
Mixed Methods (chapter 8)
using qualitative (one on one interviews, open ended questions, etc.) methods, & quantitative
gay (chapter 11)
usually men whose primary emotional & sexual attractions to men, also used to refer to a homosexual person of either sex
medical model (chapter 10)
views health care as a sickness requires a diagnosis, a treatment plan & rehabilitation to meet needs of patients seeking medical treatment
c (chapter 8)
what is NOT a stage in the Health Communication Process published by the National Cancer Institute? a.) assessing effectiveness b.) implementing the program c.) budget planning d.) planning & strategy development
b (chapter 8)
what term refers to the perception & use of personal space? a.) nonverbal behavior b.) proxemics c.) paralanguage d.) verbal communication
c (chapter 9)
which is false ---> health literacy impact, who is at risk? a.) older adults b.) racial & ethnic minorities c.) people with a high school degree or GED d.) people in low-income levels e.) non native English speakers f.) people with comprised health status
lesbian (chapter 11)
women whose primary emotional & sexual attraction is to other women