Database chapter 1 Terms

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File

A collection of related records

Record

A logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing

Metadata

Data about data

Data dependence

Data access changes when data storage characteristics change

Data independence

Data storage characteristics is changed without affecting the program's ability to access the data

Knowledge

The body of information and facts about a specific subject

Enterprise database

When the database is used by the entire organization and supports many users (more than 50, usually hundred) across many departments

Database management system (DBMS)

a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database

Data Quality

a comprehensive approach to promoting the accuracy, validity, and timeliness of the data

Cloud database

a database that is created and maintained using cloud data services

Operational database

a database that is designed primarily to support a company's day-to-day operations

Distributed database

a database that supports data distributed across several different sites

Centralized database

a database that supports data located at a single site

Data management

a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval of data

Query language

a non procedural language - one that lets the user specify what must be done without having specify how

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

a set of tools that work together to provide an advanced data analysis environment for retrieving, processing, and modeling data from the data warehouse

Desktop database

a single-user database that runs on a personal computer

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format

Data warehouse

a specialized database that stores data in a format optimized for decision support

Structural dependence

access to a file is dependent on its structure

Discipline - specific database

contain data focused on specific subject areas

General-purpose database

contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines

Data processing specialist

creates a computer-based system that would track data and produce required reports

Unstructured data

data that exist in their original (raw) state

Business intelligence

describes a comprehensive approach to capture data process business data with the purpose of generating information to support business decision making

Data anomaly

develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully

Data Inconsistency

exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places

Structural independence

exists when you can change the file structure without affecting the applications's ability to access the data

Analytical database

focuses primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used exclusively for tactical or strategic decision making

semistructured data

have already been processed to some extent

Data

raw facts

Performance tuning

relates to the activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed

Islands of information

scattered data locations

Multiuser database

supports multiple users at the same time

Single-user database

supports only one user at a time

Structured Query Language

the def acto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors

Structured data

the result of formatting unstructured data to facilitate storage, use, and the generation of information

Field

used to define and store data

Data dictionary

used to look up the required data component structures and relationships

Workgroup database

when the multiuser database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization


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